Ubani owabhala Pinocchio? indaba Wezingane noma lokukhohlisa abanamakhono

Ubani owabhala "Pinocchio"? Lo mbuzo uzokuphendula iningi abafundi babo bonke ubudala abahlala ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. "Golden Key, noma Adventures Pinocchio" - yigama egcwele indaba indaba aphenywa zabuna Soviet Alexei UTolstoy, phezu inganekwane Karlo Kollodi "The Adventures of Pinocchio".

Njengoba sekunama-tale UTolstoy zaqala phikisana - kuyini, umbhalo, uwuchaze, translation, impatho etemibhalo? Ngisho abathunjwe 1923-24 Alexey anquma ukuhumushela usitjela Collodi, kodwa amanye imibono izinhlelo walithatha kanye vicissitudes ukudalelwa siqu wathatha kude incwadi yezingane. Ukuze Pinocchio UTolstoy wabuya ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi. Isikhathi kwaba kakade kwenye ukuphila izimo ziye zashintsha - wabuyela eRussia.

UTolstoy wayesanda yisifo senhliziyo futhi wathatha isikhathi esifushane aphume basebenze kanzima trilogy yakhe inoveli "Indlela Eya Calvary". Futhi ongaziwa ukusho, uqala ukulandela ngqo umthombo lwendaba, kodwa ukuthuthela kude kuye uya kude, ngakho uma nguye owabhala Pinocchio, noma-ke ilungisiwe Pinocchio, ungakwazi baphikise ngokuthi futhi wenze etemibhalo. Umlobi wayengafuni ukwenza umlando wabo moralizing, njengoba kwakunjalo Collodi. Alexei yena bakhumbula bona wathi wazama ekuqaleni ukuhumusha isiNtaliyane, kodwa waphuma isidina. Ngazama ukuyiziba naye kabusha kwakhono lika olukhulu indaba S. Ya. Marshak. Incwadi usuphothuliwe ngo-1936.

Futhi Tolstoy kwenza Pinocchio nabangani bakhe okuhluke kakhulu kunangaleso amaqhawe inganekwane mayelana Pinocchio. Umbhali wafuna umfundi ukuzizwa umoya fun, imidlalo, adventure. Mangisho, ephumelela. Ngakho kukhona imigqa indaba eziko, edwetshwe ngendwangu, ubudala, umnyango ongaqondakali, kufihlwe ngaphansi kwaso, ukhiye egolide ifuna namaqhawe, futhi lokho ukuvula umnyango engaqondakali.

Asinakusho ukuthi inganekwane neze moralizing Izikhumbuzo. Noma ubani wabhala Pinocchio, wayelwazi kubo. Ngakho-ke, umfana lokhuni lifundisa ikhilikithi ukuhlala ekamelweni uPapa Carlo (engenamsebenzi!), Futhi intombazane Malvina, okuyinto futhi ivala hero icala ekamelweni. Njenganoma ubani umfana, indoda lokhuni ezama ukwenza konke yedwa. Futhi akufundayo kuphela emaphutheni abo. Yilokho uthola kanjani ezandleni izigebengu - impungushe Alice kanye Cat Basilio - Engafuni nokunonophala okusheshayo. I Field odumile Amaphupho ezweni Fools, cishe edume kunazo inganekwane sifanisongco, nakuba hhayi kuphela eyodwa Golden Key ngokwayo Kubalulekile okuthile!

Uhlelo lwendaba Karabas-Barabas, exploiter upopayi ofuna ukuthola umnyango imfihlo, kuthatha izihlabani zethu ukuze umnyango imfihlo, ngemuva okuyinto brand new "Umbani" ngonodoli. Ntambama upopayi abafo uyofunda futhi udlale kusihlwa idlala.

Ukuthandwa okuwele UTolstoy emangalisayo. Izingane wazibuza ngubani wabhala Pinocchio, bayajabula ukufunda le ncwadi, futhi kuba e-USSR zibhaliwe izikhathi 148, liye lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi, kaningi kwenziwe kwaba into ibe movie. Eyokuqala ifilimu lithathelwe wakhululwa ngo-1939, ifilimu wayeqondiswa A. Ptushko.

tale UTolstoy sika ezithakazelisayo abadala. Master stylist futhi mocker, umlobi libhekisela Fonvizinskaya "ignoramus" (Pinocchio sifundo umsebenzi nge-apula), embombela, owabhala umlingisi - kuba palindrome feta: "I-rose wawa umlenze Azor", ngesimo Karabas-Barabas ukubona inkulumo yokulingisa zokuthile ku Nemirovich-Danchenko, ngesikhathi Meyerhold, kanye neqiniso lokuthi Piero ukukopishwa Blok, okuthiwa yayisemngceleni abagxeki abaningi etemibhalo.

Happy Soviet ebuntwaneni lesikwele se "Golden Key" soda, "Pinocchio", manje ingabe kwakuyokwenza kube ngokuthi brand ethandwa.

Futhi namanje Abazali nezingane ngayifunda ngiphindelela le inganekwane elifundisa umusa ngaphandle ngawokwakha eyisicefe.