Alfred Shkliarsky. Biography kanye umsebenzi umbhali

Amanoveli senkulumo omlobi mayelana emagumbini ezikude kakhulu zaleli zwe, simema abafundi sesiphila Amazing kanye amaqhawe abo. Alfred Shklyarskii umlando e ezikude ngemva kwempi yembula umfundi amazwe ezingajwayelekile kanye nobuzwe. Igama lakhe ezincwadini ikhambo nezingane, kanye nabantu abadala. Kodwa ngokumangalisayo, umlobi amanoveli ethakazelisayo travel is hhayi othandekayo.

ngembhali

umbhali Wazalelwa e-United States, 21/01/1912, Chicago, okuyinto ngo-1908 yaphoqeleka ukuba yathuthela uyise - wamalungelo futhi ilungu Polish Socialist Party. Lapho u-Alfred owayeneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha, umndeni wabuyela Poland.

Kusukela ngo-1928 baye baphila umuzi kanina Włocławek, lapho u-Alfred Shkliarsky kuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme. Ngo-1932 wathuthela Warsaw. Alfred langena Academy of Political Science ngaleso Ihhovisi. Wathweswa iziqu ngo-1938 futhi wathola i-diploma. Kodwa ukuqala umsebenzi wezepolitiki uye uvinjelwe impi.

Esikoleni, wahlangana umkakhe esizayo, uChristine, nabo bashada ngo-1939 esontweni St James.

neminyaka yempi

Phakathi nomsebenzi, lo mkhaya wawulokhu ePoland. Ekupheleni kuka-1939, u-Alfred waba wephephandaba "okusha Warsaw Courier", esanyatheliswa ngaphansi kokulawula abahlaseli. Ngaphansi mbumbulu Marek Smuha, u-Alfred Muravsky, u-Alfred Gruda wanyathelisa kwawo kuyi "New Courier" engaphezu kwekhulu izindaba zakhe futhi amanoveli kuqala.

Alfred zahlangana eKhaya Army, walwa bahlaseli, waba nengxenye Warsaw Uprising 1944. Ngemva okuyinto wathuthela Krakow, futhi kusukela ngo-February 1945 ngokuqondile esezinzile Katowice.

Alfred Shkliarsky ngo-1949 wagwetshwa iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ejele ukushicilelwa ephephandabeni "Warsaw Courier" ngesikhathi kubusa amaNazi. Wabekwa icala "izenzo ngokumelene abantu Polish." Umlobi waziphendulela.

Kodwa inkantolo akazange acabangele iyiphi ingxenye Alfred ku Warsaw Uprising, noma iqhaza lakhe ekulweni amabutho umsebenzi e kwababusi Ikhaya Army, lapho wabonisa isibindi nokuzinikela ezweni lakhe. It akaphinda wamsiza nokulandisa kofakazi bokuzibonela.

Ngo-1953 Shkliarsky ushwele futhi wadedelwa. Wabe wamabhuku umhleli ngesikhathi Śląsk ukushicilela indlu kwaze kwaba ngo-1977. Umlobi wafa Katowice 09.04.1992 ngonyaka.

imisebenzi etemibhalo

aseqala Shklyarskii okwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho Poland kwakuhlezi amasosha amaNazi. amanoveli akhe okuqala abangu kuhloswe izilaleli omdala: "Iron Uzipho" (1942), "Igazi Diamond" (1943), "Imfihlo ethuneni" (1944).

Ngemva kwempi, u-Alfred Shkliarsky ncwadi ukusayina lezibizo Alfred Bronsky noma Fred Garland. Incwadi post-yimpi "bawahlala" lokuqala (1946), "Odade abathathu" (1946), "Ungalindi kuze kimi" (1947) kanye Błędne ognie (1947), eyabhalwa mbumbulu Alfred Bronskiy libonwe noma abafundi noma a baxgeki.

Kwakuthi uma ngidumele umbhali banquma ukuzama isandla salo nokudalwa kwemisebenzi abafundi abasha. Ngo-1947, wabhala ngaphansi mbumbulu Fred Garland inoveli izingane "Tom usenkingeni futhi." Empeleni, le ndoda kwakudingeka isineke isibindi esikhethekileko. Nge udumo ahlupheka izinto ezinyantisa umzimba empini kanye nomsebenzi Alfred Shkliarsky. Biography nombhali kufakazela indlela umuntu angaba zithembeke ezweni lakhe, abafundi ibhizinisi ozithandayo.

Ngo-1951, izincwadi zakhe ahoxiswa kuzo zonke imitapo bavinjelwa ukucwaninga. Kodwa Waqhubeka enza, simema abafundi bayo ukuba bafunde ezweni ezamehlela okungavamile kanye amazing.

Encwadini "Tom usenkingeni" imayelana umfana Lokudabuka Polish, owazalelwa e-Melika. Lapho ezwa ukuthi Warsaw Uprising amaphephandaba American, wathumela emazweni enkaba yabo phezu emkhunjini wasePoland. Kodwa-ke uthola ukuba Afrika, lapho wayebethelwe khona elinde sesiphila Amazing. Encwadi elinde impumelelo, futhi inoveli iba sibonelo yochungechunge "The Adventures of Tomek Vilmovskogo".

Tomek nabangani bakhe

Incwadi yokuqala ochungechungeni "Tomek ezweni kangaroo" (1957) akangayiletha impumelelo kulindeleke. Kodwa ngesikhathi ekufuna Lokokulawula Alfred aqhubeka ukusebenza kulolu chungechunge, wenza izilungiso, balandela iseluleko umshicileli. Ushicilelo lwesibili unqobile izinhliziyo zabafundi. Futhi eminyakeni eyalandela kwaba khona izincwadi abayisishiyagalombili kulolu chungechunge.

Inoveli okuhloselwe izethameli abasha, umhleli Shklyarskii wathonyelwa ukuba asayine igama langempela. uchungechunge amanoveli mayelana umfana uthi Tomek, ohamba emhlabeni wonke nabangane bakho bese ingena ezamehlela.

The hero yezincwadi zakhe Tomek - umfundi okuyisibonelo, umngane omuhle ozazisayo ubungane beqiniso. Uchungechunge lwezincwadi ayisishiyagalolunye igcwele amaqiniso womhlaba, zomlando namasiko. Kulotshiwe ngocezwana amahlaya kuyobenza babe abantu abasha, elingafunwa umbhali futhi wadala imisebenzi yakhe.

Le noveli yokugcina ochungechungeni "Tomek ezweni oFaro" wahlala sidle. It yanyatheliswa sibonga Adamu Zelge, esaqeda ke ngesisekelo amarekhodi ihlanganiswe ngumlobi. Le noveli yanyatheliswa ngo-1994.

trilogy Indian

Ngekubambisana nomkakhe, Christina, u-Alfred Shkliarsky ubhale trilogy mayelana Sioux - isizwe Indian lweNyakatho Melika. Cycle "Black Hills Igolide" uchaza amasiko nenkolo lalolo hlanga, izingxabano phakathi zakwa Native American, futhi akusho singayinaki impi engamenyezelwe ezilwiwa abelungu ngokumelene nezizwe zamaNdiya ezazisele.

Kusolakala, Shklyarskii amanoveli ngomlando nokuhlupheka abantu bomdabu Melika igcwele ubuhlungu, ngenxa yokuthi yabhalelwa i umbhali abahlukunyezwa umsebenzi amaNazi. Umlando edabukisayo ezweni lenkaba yakhe, futhi isihluku abahlaseli baye washiya uphawu ngokujulile umphefumulo umlobi. Wayekholelwa ukuthi umlando kwaboMdabu baseMelika lifana sabantu Polish, okuyinto wazama ukubhubhisa futhi abaqothule.

Umehluko lana wukuthi lezi nabasePoland ephethwe ukuze basinde kulesi ayehlasela, nabomdabu American ekugcineni balahlekelwa indawo yabo. Alfred Shkliarsky wabakhuza ngamazwi aqatha ingxabano yezizwe nobudlova futhi ubelokhu wakhuthaza ukuthula emhlabeni wonke, hhayi ekwamukeleni izingxabano ngamazwe.

Amanoveli kulolu chungechunge kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu. Badlula ngokunemba Amazing amaqiniso zomlando, isiko amaNdiya. Ukuze abafundi Polish, abahlala emazweni obushiqela, kwaba nje ingcebo yolwazi nokutholakala. Umlobi wahosha ulwazi lwabo kusukela izincwadi, omagazini, amaphephandaba.

umbhali Ukuhambela ezinye izindawo, ongamthandi ukuhamba

Umlobi u-Alfred Shkliarsky kahle isiNgisi, isiJalimane nesiFulentshi. Nice ukwazi Italy. Kodwa akakuthandanga ukuhamba.

A uhambo lokuya eGibhithe, lapho uqale waya nomkakhe, akuphumelelanga ngokuphelele. Kwaba Alfred ubuthi ezinzima futhi wachitha kakhulu uhambo oluya esibhedlela. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-ukubuya ngabomvu we uhambo umkakhe, lapho yena njalo baletha ekhaya eziyisikhumbuzo izindaba exotic entsha.

umbhali wencwadi ethi bamlethela udumo emhlabeni wonke. Yena yanikezelwa imiklomelo eziningana, kuhlanganise Orle Pióro (1968) kanye "Order of the Smile" umklomelo, samba izingane (1971). Ngaphezu kwalokho, Shkliarsky kabili itjheje UNdunankulu imisebenzi abafundi abasha (1973, 1987). Wayeyilungu le-Association of abalobi Polish.

izincwadi Shklyarskii ziye zahunyushelwa ezilimini Russian futhi Bulgarian. Ngeshwa, babengakholwa eyanyatheliswa ngesiNgisi. amakhophi e Poland kwezigidi ezingu kuphela futhi nanye ithengiswe.

amanoveli indlela ngekwentsandvo yakhe lamuhla athandwa kakhulu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kusukela osukwini lokushicilelwa yabo wathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi. Bayaqhubeka ukuthola abaningi abafundi abasha phakathi abadala kanye nezingane.