Sergey Esenin - Biography futhi umsebenzi imbongi. Lapho usuku lokuzalwa Sergeya esenina?

Sergei Yesenin. Igama imbongi omkhulu Russian - connoisseur komphefumulo kazwelonke, umculi we ongumlimi Russia, ijwayelekile bonke inkondlo eside zabuna isiRashiya, futhi ngosuku yokuzalwa Sergeya esenina uya abayithandayo of umsebenzi wakhe.

Heyi wena, isihlibhi! Yeka isihlibhi!

Chime aspen eqandisiwe.

Zikababa - umlimi,

Nokho, mina - nendodana ongumlimi sika.

Sergey Esenin: Biography of imbongi Russian

esifundeni Ryazan. Konstantinovo emzaneni. Ngo-1895 imbongi ozalwa, umsebenzi wabo bayahlonishwa ngisho namuhla abayithandayo of umsebenzi wakhe. Okthoba 3 - Usuku lokuzalwa Sergeya esenina. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, umfana wakhuliswa Umkhulu abacebile engumthengisi kwabakhulelwe, connoisseur kakhulu izincwadi esontweni. Ngakho-ke, phakathi ngamawala izinkondlo zenkolo ingane, wahlabelela nokuzula izimpumputhe, nezithulu, zamaqhawe ugogo wakhe othandekayo, sihambe sizithela imbongi emsebenzini wakhe uthethe yokuqala engu-9.

Sergey iziqu grade 4 Zemsky esikoleni sendawo, nakuba ngangifunda iminyaka 5: ngenxa yokuziphatha abanelisi ushiywe ngonyaka 2nd. yokufuna okuqhubekayo ulwazi ngoNgcwele Klepiki sezenkolo esikoleni, ukulungiselela othisha yasemakhaya.

Inhloko-dolobha ye amadolobha Russian ekuqaleni kwempilo entsha

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-17 waya eMoscow, ngathola umsebenzi esitolo a hlaba, lapho uyise wakhonza wokuba umabhalane. Ngemva ezingqubuzana umzali ngishintsha imisebenzi: wathuthela endlini ukushicilela, bese kuya proofreader endlini zokunyathelisa. Elapho, watholana Izryadnova Anna, Lowo okuzala ngezinhlungu zokubeletha kuye, oneminyaka engu-19 ubudala, ngo-December 1914 indodana kaGeorge, owadutshulwa 1937 ku isinqumo yamanga umzamo ngokuphila kaStalin.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlala enhlokodolobha yase imbongi waba nengxenye umbuthano etemibhalo zomculo kubo. Surikov, bajoyine izisebenzi edlubulundayo abanomqondo ovulekile, lapho wathola ukunakwa amaphoyisa. Ngo-1912 waba mabhuku khona Wabantu University A. Shanyavsky eMoscow. Kube Yesenin ithole izinto eziyisisekelo ubuciko imfundo, ukulalela izinkulumo izincwadi Western Europe futhi Russian. Usuku lokuzalwa Sergeya esenina eyaziwa abalandeli abaningi umsebenzi wakhe - Okthoba 3, 1895. Imisebenzi yakhe ziye zahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi futhi zifakwe ohlelweni lwezifundo zesikole. Ngokusho isikhathi lanamuhla abantu abaningi banesithakazelo kulokho uhlobo lobuhlobo imbongi iyahambelana nabobulili fair, abesifazane bathandile Sergeya esenina ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wenza okufanayo? Yini (noma ubani) ayemphefumulele ukwenza; ukwenza kanjalo, ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka eyikhulu izinkondlo zakhe ezifanelekayo, ezithakazelisayo, wayemthanda.

Life kanye umsebenzi Sergeya esenina

Kukhululwa incwadi yokuqala imisebenzi esenina senzeka ngo-1914 e-namajenali wedolobha, kodwa ekuqaleni DEBUT yimpumelelo kwaba ngenkondlo okuthiwa "Birch". Vele ngosuku ekhulwini Sergeya esenina ukuzalwa Cishe zonke umfundi eyaziwa, inqobo nje imbongi babanyathela emgwaqeni wakhe olunameva nodumo nokuqashelwa. Ngo Petrograd, lapho Sergei wathutha entwasahlobo ka-1915, becabanga ukuthi zonke ekuphileni etemibhalo bagxila kuleli dolobha, ukufunda imisebenzi yakhe Bloch, yena ngokwakhe wafika sokumazi. Warm wamukelekile ezizungeze imbongi edumile nokuvunywa izinkondlo bona waphefumulela isithunywa emadolobhaneni Russian namasimu enkulu phezu umsebenzi olwengeziwe.

Waqaphela, sishicilela, ukufunda,

Talent Sergeya esenina neyaziwayo Klyuev NA, Gorodetsky SM, AM Remizov, NS Gumilyov, ujwayele lapho insizwa waphoqeleka ukuvimba. Cishe bonke baletha izinkondlo yashicilelwa, no-Sergey Esenin, ogama Biography of namuhla iyathakazelisa abalandeli imbongi, waziwa kabanzi. Joint ukusebenza olusankondlo nge Kluyev phambi kwezilaleli e isitayela abantu, isitayela nabalimi abancane, abasha imbongi golden-onezinwele ezimhloshana abonakala njengembudane amabhuzu Morocco futhi nasambatho efekethisiwe. Made abangane nomphakathi "novokrestyanskih Izimbongi" futhi wayezithanda nesiqondiso esinikezwe. Isihluthulelo isihloko izinkondlo of Yesenin kwaba ongumlimi Russia, uthando ogcwele yonke imisebenzi yakhe.

Kwathi ngo-1916 ngabuthelwa impi, kodwa ngenxa ukukhathazeka kokuhlupheka abangane babo wabelwa njengombonisi ehlelekile esibhedlela isitimela lempi Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, esangenza imbongi ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa khona nokucwala tetemibhalo, play amakhonsathi, waya reception ngesikhathi abashisekeli.

Rus ongumlimi e imbongi

Okthoba Revolution wathatha indlela yayo ngenjabulo nangentshiseko wabhala uchungechunge izinkondlo encane "izigubhu wasezulwini", "Inonia", "Ijuba laseJordani", benamandla nge umbono izinguquko esizayo; impilo kanye ukusebenza Sergeya esenina babekhona ekuqaleni entsha, indlela okwamanje nhlobo - indlela wenkazimulo ukuqashelwa.

Ngo-1916 yanyatheliswa encwadini aseqala esenina "Radunica", bangibingelela ngenkulu intshiseko abagxeki wakuthola isiqondiso fresh, ukunambitheka engokwemvelo umbhali kanye spontaneity bobusha bakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngo-1914 kuya 1917, waphuma e ukuphrinta "Goluben", "Russia", "Marta-likahulumeni Umfazi", "Mikola" imakwe nabanye ekhethekile, Esenin isitayela ne humanization zezilwane, izitshalo, izenzakalo zemvelo, okuyifomu kanye womuntu luxhunywe nemvelo, lephelele, obunobunye futhi izwe elihle. Isithombe Yesenin Russia - abanenhlonipho, okubangela umqondo cishe zenkolo imbongi zaveza ukuqonda ezicashile ubunjalo isitofu ngamanzi, inja Zacuto, nekoshenym hayfields, marsh emaxhaphozini, snoring tabun nesiyaluyalu esaba khona mowers.

Eyesibili umshado Sergeya esenina

Ngo-1917 imbongi washada kwamaNazi UZinaida Nikolaevna, ukuba ibuye emshadweni wayo lapho izingane azalelwa Sergey Yesenin indodana Konstantin nendodakazi Tatiana. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuthandwa lamanje lifika Yesenin, imbongi iba ngokufunwa, wamenywa ukuba ezihlukahlukene izinkondlo ukufundwa. Ngo 1918 - 1921 iminyaka eziningi ojikelezayo ezweni lonke: eCrimea, eCaucasus, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Turkestan, eBessarabia. Wayesebenza ngenkondlo okukhulu "Pugachev", entwasahlobo emaphutsa ku Orenburg asemaqeleni.

Ngo 1918-1920, imbongi baba obuseduze Mariengof AB, Shershenevich VG Ivnev R. bathumba imagism - post-wamavukelambuso mkhuba etemibhalo kwezobuciko, eyayisekelwe futurism, inesifiso ukwakhiwa 'ubuciko esizayo ", brand new, bephika bonke isipiliyoni kwezobuciko. Yesenin baba isivakashi njalo kuya ikhefi tetemibhalo "Pegasus Itafula" ukuthi eMoscow Nikitsky Gate. Poet, efuna ukwazi "isigodi ekukhuliseni Rus" isifiso kancane wabe izindawo owawusanda kumiswa, ogama Injongo yayiwukuba ifomu likhishwa amakhoba "thuli". Waqhubeka ukuthatha yena imbongi "Bahambe Russia". izinkondlo zakhe ziye zavela ukuphila izisusa, "yaphenduka ngokuphelele" kwakwakhiwa zokudakwa, okuyinto eza esikhundleni melancholy nichoboza inhliziyo. Imbongi ivela brawler, ibhoklolo, isidakwa nangomphefumulo olunegazi, ezulazulayo kusuka nendawo yokudayisa ngomzimba umhume, lapho ezungezwe "esixukwini esinesiyaluyalu ongaziwa futhi behleka" (amaqoqo "eMoscow Thaberne," "Bavume ibhoklolo" futhi "Tinkondlo axokozelayo").

Ngo-1920, lapho kuwa umshado oneminyaka emithathu kuya Chiliza kwamaNazi. Sergey Yesenin izingane ngulowo lalowo ngendlela yabo: uConstantine waphendukela football izibalo ezidumile, futhi Tatiana - umqondisi Museum kayise, futhi ilungu Writers 'Union.

Aysedora Dunkan futhi Sergei Yesenin

Ngo-1921 Yesenin bahlangana umdansi Aysedoroy Dunkan. Akazange akhulume ngesiRashiya, imbongi, funda okuningi futhi abafunde kakhulu, angazanga izilimi zakwamanye amazwe, kodwa umhlangano wokuqala, lapho bebona lona wesifazane ukudansa Sergeya esenina itjhuguluko engekhe yalungiseka welula kuye. Pair lapho Isadora kwaba abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-18, akuzange kuwumise umehluko ubudala. ozithandayo wakhe uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ingelosi" futhi kuye ngokuthi "u-Isidore". I iyashesha of Isadora, besina wakhe esenina waxosha crazy. Wabona eseyingane ababuthakathaka kanye neziteleka kwakungekaNkulunkulu Sergei bethuthumela ngesisa ngisho ekugcineni bafunda kweshumi amazwi Russian. ERussia, hhayi umsebenzi Isadora sika umsebenzele ngoba iziphathimandla zaseSoviet akazange anikeze mkhakha womsebenzi okuyiwona ibalwa. Lo mbhangqwana oshadile futhi abe nesibongo ezivamile Duncan esenina. Ngemva komshado, Yesenin nomkakhe eYurophu, wavakashela eFrance, eJalimane, e-Canada e-Italy, Belgium, e-United States. Duncan wazama kanzima ukwakha ubudlelwane zomphakathi kumyeni wakhe ihlelwe izinguqulo izinkondlo zakhe futhi ukuwashicilela, ukuhlela izinkondlo kusihlwa, kodwa phesheya ke neyaziwayo ibhekwa kuya umdansi owaziwa kuphela ngokuthi. Poet uphuthelwe, wazizwa engaphiwanga engenamsebenzi, wacindezeleka. Yesenin saqala ukuphuza phakathi kwabashadile abangu njalo ukuphikisana ezibuhlungu ngokunakekela nokubuyisana okwalandela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isilinganiso esenina kumkayo, lapho esebone zazingezinhle, futhi abavamile owesifazane ukuguga ishintshile. Ube engumlobi njalo odakiwe, ngezinye izikhathi Ukuthepha Isadora, wakhononda abangane ukuthi ebambelele kuye futhi iza unstuck. Lo mbhangqwana waphula ngo-1923, Yesenin wabuyela eMoscow.

Eminyakeni yokugcina lokusungula esenina

Esikhathini esizayo, umsebenzi imbongi kubalulekile kakhulu wamkhuza amandla Soviet ( "Izwe Labantu Scoundrels", 1925). Ngemva kwalokho iqala ukushushiswa imbongi, icala lakhe ukulwa nokudakwa. Eminyakeni emibili edlule zokuphila bebelokhu wokujikeleza njalo; Sergey Esenin - imbongi Russian, ecashele ukushushiswa zomthetho, kathathu ukuhamba eCaucasus, ngaya eLeningrad futhi wayeya njalo Konstantinovo, ungalokothi breaking naye. Phakathi nale nkathi, hamba, uyosebenza "Inkondlo ka 26", "Motifs Persian", "Anna Snegina", "Grove osemqoka". Emavesini ngawo isikhundla usalokhu ezweni indaba ephathwayo, manje iyafuna shades of idrama. Lesikhatsi lesi amanothi lyrical ngaphezulu landscape ekwindla, Motifs kufinyeta tincumo nekubeka yokuvalelisa.

Sala kahle umngane wami, Some ...

Ekwindla ka-1925, imbongi, ezama kabusha ukuqala ukuphila komkhaya, ngokuhlanganiswa somshado Sofey Andreevnoy - umzukulu Lva Tolstogo. Kodwa lesi sibopho somshado Loti nabaka Abram baxabana. Life Sergeya esenina ukuthi kweqa ekwehleni: imilutha yotshwala ngenxa yokucindezeleka, abenzi inqubomgomo ingcindezi kwaba isizathu ukuthi unkosikazi imbongi wafaka esibhedlela sengqondo. Kukhona engangikwazi ngo-ke kuphela kumbuthano ewumngcingo zabantu, kodwa kwakukhona nabanye ziye zaba nomthelela ekusungulweni ukuqapha iwashi emtholampilo. Security amaphoyisa yafuna e PB Gannushkin - UProfesa lo mtholampilo - kokukhipha esenina. Lesi sakamuva wala Yesenin, elinde ithuba, kuphazamisekile ukwelashwa, futhi isixuku izivakashi kushiya isikhungo neuropsychiatric futhi sathuthela eLeningrad.

Disemba 14, wawuqeda umsebenzi ngenkondlo "Black Man", okusho wachitha iminyaka engu-2. umsebenzi Kushicilelwe bekulokhu ngemva kokufa imbongi. Disemba 27 kusukela ngaphansi ngepeni Sergeya esenina enyathelisa incwadi yakhe yokugcina "Usale kahle, umngane wami, evalelisa." Life kanye umsebenzi Sergeya esenina yaphela, abesabekayo futhi engaqondakali. Akukona ube imbongi Russian, isidumbu sakhe esatholwa elenga ehhotela "Angleterre" ngobusuku December 28, 1925.

Ngosuku ukuzalwa Sergeya esenina uya ukumdumisa kuwo wonke amagumbi e-Russia, kodwa iningi izenzakalo ezinkulu aphethwe umuzi ka Konstantinovo, okuyinto zivela wonke izinkulungwane emhlabeni abayithandayo of umsebenzi imbongi.