River Upa: incazelo, izici, ezikhangayo futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ukuwa kwe-emfuleni ingenye ebabazekayo kunazo owumthelela Oka. It odabula Tula esifundeni Russia futhi bemthanda ukudoba abathanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziningi izinto ezithakazelisayo ku usebe lwawo, abathandi esiphawulekayo umlando izakhiwo.

incazelo

Upa River, nalapho imisebenzi abalobi enkulu Russian Tolstoho, Turgeneva futhi Bunin has pool endaweni 9510 sq. km, nobude bawo 345 km ububanzi bayo uyahluka 30-40 amamitha. It uqala at Volovsk ithafa futhi ageleza phakathi kwemingcele Central Russian upland. Ukuze Tula Upa amanzi, esiyingxenye inqwaba izihibe, bathuthela enyakatho. Khona-ke uphendukela entshonalanga isiqondiso bese ugelezela eMfuleni Oka eduze nedolobhana Kuleshov.

River Amandla ikakhulukazi iqhwa. Flood Uthatha ezinsukwini zokugcina-March kuya ekuqaleni kuka May. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isilinganiso yonyaka amanzi ukusetshenziswa at ibanga 89 km kusuka emlonyeni Upa kuze kube 40,2 cu. m / s. River okokuqandisa kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka-Novemba kuya ku-December futhi ivulekile emhlabeni ekupheleni kukaNdasa - ekuqaleni kuka-April.

On osebeni Upa elise Tula futhi emzaneni amaSoviet nasemakamu Odoev.

Yiqiniso

Upa Okokuqala emincane futhi ageleza ohlangothini Northerly kanye emaphandleni evulekile. Idolobhana Sovetsk kuso wakha endaweni ichibi 5.7 square metres. km. Ukuze yayo edamini Upa has ezingeni ozinzile futhi emaweni ogwini ebabazekayo embozwe ihlathi okuxubile. Ukuze isiphetho Prilepa emfuleni ephambana umzila Tula.

Ngezansi confluence we owumthelela kwesokudla Upa Shata ihamba kobubanzi ezindaweni eziluhlaza kanye iyachubeka phakathi emasimini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yayo kuba Tula, futhi uthola emfuleni kuhle okujulile emaweni, amabhishi ovulekile futhi yisigodi esikhulu.

Ukudlulisa Ketra emzaneni Upa kwenza ukujika, nokushintsha isiqondiso ukugeleza, ihamba ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Le sayithi, kuze edolobhaneni okusha Pavshino, liyindawo enkulu for ukudoba.

Ngezansi Nikolskoye uqale Rapids kanye imibundu, bese odabula Upa Krapivensky nezimagqabhagqabha. Kule ndawo kwimfunda lomfula kwezinye izindawo izimbuku, kanye namabhange embozwe yehlathi eliminyene okuxubile. Ukudlulisa edolobhaneni Yartsevo, Upa Zaseki uyaphuma bese kudala convolutions amaningi. I Oka umfula ugeleza ngenhla nje edolobheni Chekalin.

indaba

Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi igama lisuselwa Upa Balta elithi "upe", okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "umfula".

Kuyaziwa ukuthi echibini Oka inflow lalakhiwe emuva seSimbi. Kukhona cishe mayelana 6. BC. e wahlala East Balt Verhneokskoy abezindaba isiko isiphetho esisekelwe Radovische. Kamuva, ngo-5-7 eminyaka ezitholakala kule nkathi yethu, base kufakwe nge abamele golyad isizwe, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-500, abhekana zabulawa, futhi basuke ziyoncibilika esizweni Slavic Vyatichi.

UPA nemingenela yayo ensimini ka Tula

Eminyakeni 1741-1831 edolobheni leaked emifuleni 10. Phakathi kwabo, ngaphezu Upa babe Tulitsa, Khomutovka, uphondo, Bezhka, Bast, Rzhavets, Trostyanka, Serebrovka futhi Sežana. Okwamanje, walondoloza emifuleni 6 kuphela, kanti ezinye zifana ukusakaza. Esanda kutholakala Upa umfula sasiyisimangaliso imikhumbi, futhi washukumisa isikebhe esinesinqe esibanzi sokuthwala impahla. Namuhla it is kakhulu baba engajulile kanye Tula ihlukane 2 izingxenye ukungalingani.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, lapho i-Oka ezakhiwa kuphuma Upa baba ingxenye umzila wemikhumbi ezisuka eRussia emaphakathi kuze kufike elwandle eduze Oka futhi uDon Chatou Ivan echibini. Nendlwana lokuqala izimoto wehlela lokhu endleleni 1707. Nokho, ngemva ukunakwa uPetru saya khona oLwandle iBaltic, umzila ilahlekelwe ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba Umthambo ezokuthutha ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zendawo lomfula Upa lisasetshenziswa kabanzi, kwaze kwaba maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule.

Tulitsa

Kuyinto owumthelela kwesokudla Upa. It has a ubude 38 km kanti ukusakaza uhambahamba. On endaweni edolobheni umfula ugeleza khona kusukela esigodini Medvenka ukuba confluence yayo nge emfuleni Upa e Zarechensky ibhuloho. Kwemfunda Tulitsa ngempela exhaphozini futhi indawo izikhukhula yingozi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ke akakhiwa futhi ekhoneni imvelo isetshenzwe emzini.

Izikhangibavakashi loMfula i-Upa

Tula - idolobha elidume izikhumbuzo zalo. Phakathi kwazo yilezo zitholakala osebeni Upa. Kahle kahle, lokhu Kunomfula odabula ensimini ka epaki okuthiwa Demian abampofu futhi eduze Chulkovskim emathuneni, lapho ekhulwini le-19, wangcwatshelwa abadumile kwesokunxele-hander. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni embalwa edlule yashayisa unqenqema lomfula Upa u ehlotshiswe enhle ezimhlophe Rotunda indawo phambi endaweni enhle. Masinyane lo dade wavula baba intandokazi indawo Tula honeymooners abeza ukuthathwa isithombe. Rotunda esiphawulekayo lokuthi phambi kwakhe, ngakolunye osebeni Upa ingenye main izivakashi sites komuzi - Museum of Izikhali. Phela, lo "ngokuhlanganyela" isithombe salezi izimpawu ezimbili yezakhiwo Tula kanye ingxenye eduze we ukuvakasha liwumhlobiso eyinhloko izincwajana kakhulu ababuki bamazwe anikezelwe esifundeni.

Upa River: Ukudoba

River Tula esifundeni athandwa kakhulu phakathi abalandeli ahlale nenduku yokudoba. Ngokuyinhloko, le emfuleni kutholakala esiphundu, okunamafutha kanye roach enkulu. Nge zezinhlobo ngobukhulu wabanjwa ngokuvamile kakhudlwana Oka. Spinning roach ongaphumelela ukubamba emzaneni Sergeevskoe lapho Upa ephambana umzila Tula futhi umnyango emfuleni kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Izinhlanzi main - Pike okunek nabancane, okungase sabanjwa inqwaba ngokwanele.

Esikhathini amanzi omfula Upa futhi ikhaya chubs, minnows, ruffs, eyikati, bream, burbot, Pike, uhlobo lwenhlazi yasemfuleni kanye lifiphele.

ingxubevange

izivakashi Active zijabulela ubuhle bezwe Upa, breaking phezu kayak. Indawo engcono ukuqala le mini-uhambo iyona yashayisa unqenqema lomfula Upa (Tula) eduze kwebhuloho ujantshi, esemgwaqweni 0.5 km kusuka esiteshini.

Endaweni kusuka edolobheni kuya Krapivny uzothola amadamu amaningi ekhona futhi ubhujiswe. Ngakho-ke, ukukhuluma nabo, kudingeka donsa isikebhe masinyane emanzini futhi wenze run ukuphuma. Ngezansi emzini Tula, Upa emfuleni cishe 25 km ezingcoliswe zokuthuthwa kwetshe lentaba nokukhuculula kulesi sigaba kufanele azame ukuya ngokushesha.

Beaches osebeni cishe ayikho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye enkulu endleleni, uzobe nzima ukuthola indawo ukuze uphume. Phansi emfuleni esikhathini esiningi Stony-ezinodaka nasemigwaqweni ngemva Odoev emaphethelweni amanzi sonke isikhathi yonkana willow zamahlathi. Fun iqala ngemva kokunqoba emlonyeni Upa, njengoba kukhona kakade eziningi amabhishi namabhishi evulekile. Ungakwazi ukuluqeda lolu hambo ku ibhange kwesokudla eMfuleni Oka kubhuloho emgwaqeni omkhulu Kozelsk Kaluga.

Manje ngoba sewuyazi ukuthi igama omunye wemifula amahle kunawo Tula esifundeni. Izikhangibavakashi esisogwini lidla izindwani, kanye namathafa zikanokusho bafanelwe bayibone. Cishe zonke izingxenye River Upa kalula ukufinyelelwa ngesikebhe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufunda kusukela amanzi.