Pritzker Prize. Laureates we Pritzker uMklomelo sonke isikhathi

"U-Oscar" - ukuze abenzi mafilimu, uMklomelo KaNobel - ososayensi, Pulitzer Prize - izintatheli, abaculi kanye abalobi. Abakhi ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi wathola imiklomelo. Waba ehlonishwayo Pritzker Prize.

indaba

Lo mklomelo ezinkulu global uwubufakazi best of impumelelo umakhi. Emnikeza yaqala ngo-1979, kanye umsunguli le ndondo waba ngusozigidi Jay A. Pritzker. Enomkakhe, zathola ukuthi yokuntuleka abaklami phakathi abawinile uMklomelo KaNobel - esingenabulungisa okwakusobala. Kwanqunywa ukwakha umklomelo global, okwakuyoholela Ziye zafuna abaklami emhlabeni wonke.

Kule minyaka engu-37 abaklami wathola umklomelo kwabo ithalente ezinkulukazi wakhe, isipho kanye nezifiso zokudala. Ngamunye wabo angamuki canons yakhe siqu kwezobuciko, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo walenza banikela ngaphezu kokuvamile ukuba izakhiwo emhlabeni, kusale acacile futhi ongasoze art ukufaka.

Lo mklomelo emcimbini kanye

Laureates we Pritzker Prize ngokokuqala wathola izindondo esiyisikhumbuzo wethusi. Basuke oluqoshwe amagama ayinhloko kufanele ube njani umsebenzi winner: "Amandla. Izinzuzo. Nobuhle. " Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye abawinile Uthole saziso zezimali usayizi umvuzo eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu zamadola.

emcimbini ngamunye senzeka isiko best of the "Oscar" noma umklomelo kaNobel imiklomelo njalo. Laureates we Pritzker Prize ubuthe ihholo onesizotha ilindele ukunqoba yabo. Ngokuvamile ngisho liqokwe salokhu umklomelo ehlonishwayo. Kwenza umdali ngamunye athathe esinye isinyathelo ukuthi anqobe, okuzokwenza zikhunjulwe emhlabeni wonke.

Pritzker umndeni

abayizinjinga American, esangenza abaklami ezivela emhlabeni wonke ukuba baveze imizwa yabo futhi ukuze le ndondo, manje omunye imindeni abacebe kwekhulu lama-20. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi cishe njalo ilunga lomndeni omkhulu manje uhlu Forbes.

Ukuphila umndeni zabo oyimfihlakalo. Inganekwane ethile ithi ngesikhathi umsunguli lwamakhosi wabaleka wemka Ukraine phakathi ezimpini. EMelika, wafika ngaphandle kwemali. Zonke wakwazi ukuzuza, it is ngokuyinhloko atshalwe ukuqeqeshwa at uMthetho Faculty, ngemva kakade bakwazi ukuzihlelela ehhovisi umthetho.

Ngemva kokuthola ezinyaweni zakhe, Pritzker wahlanganyela ukuthengwa ingcebo, namadodana akhe omdala baqhubeka nomsebenzi kayise. Ngakho, kwathi izakhiwo ezinhle kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuba kunjalo uMthetho. Manje uTomase akekho umongameli we Pritzker Hyatt Foundation, okuyinto has a ibhizinisi ehhotela emhlabeni wonke.

ababethole

Laureates we Pritzker uMklomelo sonke isikhathi washaya wonke ngonyaka ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe emkhakheni bokwakha. Babeka izakhiwo zabo yimikhuba eyaba izakhiwo evamile: umlilo, izinkundla, izakhiwo zokuhlala noma izikhungo ibhizinisi.

Ngamunye abaqokiwe futhi abawinile yokudala hhayi nje i-isakhiwo engavamile yezakhiwo. Ngamunye wabo wenza into ergonomic, ukhululekile, libanzi futhi ethokomele. Njalo ngonyaka we Pritzker Prize lanikezwa abaklami kusuka kuphi wonke, yimuphi imibono yabantu, ubuzwe noma imicabango yabantu zezombusazwe.

Abantu abaningi abawinile imiklomelo yezakhiwo phakathi izakhamuzi-US, iJapan, iGreat Britain. Ngo-2012 yena yanikezelwa umakhi sesiShayina sokuqala Van Shu. Ngo-2004, owawina ngowokuqala wayengowesifazane Zaha naseHadidi.

2016

Ngokuvamile, Emcimbini esiqhutshwa Mashi. Ukukhetha emadolobheni ahlukene, kuxhomeke nasekutheni yiziphi izakhiwo ethile. Umklomelo Kuboshwe at Versailles, eJerusalema, Bilbao, ePrague, eSt Petersburg nakwamanye amadolobha yobuciko yezakhiwo.

abaqokiwe yalomnyaka babe abaklami bodumo Piter Ayzenman Berlin sika 'Memorial kumaJuda wabulala yeYurophu ", noDavide Chipperfield Museum" Folkwang "nabanye. Umqondo wokuthi onqobile ahambe kwaba oneminyaka engu-48 ubudala laseChile Alejandro Aravena.

Jurors ngamnyama, ngaphezu kwakho konke, iqiniso lokuthi usebenza Franchise ayikaze isakhi zezimali. Isici esiyinhloko - iwukuba ukunakekela izivakashi, aphansi amandla ukusetshenziswa, futhi, okubaluleke kakhudlwana, kulula izinhlekelele zemvelo.

imisebenzi Akwaziwa Aravena kwaba campus we-Catholic University. Lesi sakhiwo ifomu cubic, it has 14 emabhilidini monolithically. Ukuze zonke ukubukeka kwayo esindayo, ngaphakathi kulula kakhulu futhi benobungane. Konke ngoba Aravena anakekela ukuvuleka e olungaphambili lwesonto, okuyinto kuzonciphisa izindleko energy nge 2/3.

Imizamo Zaha naseHadidi

Yiqiniso, zonke wezakhiwo, wathola indondo ufanelwe ukuqashelwa. Kodwa owesifazane wokuqala ukuba abe winner 2004 kwaba Zaha naseHadidi. Pritzker Prize kwaba Umfutho impumelelo okudala abesifazane. Ngaphambi kokuthola umklomelo ayenakho arsenal yawo amaphrojekthi ezimbalwa ezivamile.

Ukunqoba sasiyisisusa lwangempela kuye, okwaholela yokuma kwakhe yezakhiwo emiqulwini omkhulu umsebenzi owawenziwa. Ngemva yokunikeza kweyishumi ngaphansi kobuholi naseHadidi sidalwe amaphrojekthi 950. Basuke ehlakazekile lizwe 44 emhlabeni.

Le phrojekthi lokuqala behluleka Zaha usethe ngo-1982 futhi won kuye umncintiswano wakhe wokuqala. Ezemidlalo isagila esiqongweni sentaba unesithakazelo ongoti abaningi. Kodwa isizathu hhayi isakhiwo baba isimo sezombusazwe, okuye kwathinta isiphetho abesifazane. Wabuyela London futhi uvule ihhovisi.

eminye imizamo ukuze ubuyele ku izakhiwo kwakuhluke kakhulu unamahloni futhi akuqinisekile. Fire Station, Opera e Cardiff, okuyinto ayizange kwakhiwa, Rosenthal Centre for Contemporary Art. Lesi sakhiwo kwaba iphrojekthi zokugcina, ngaphambi umklomelo, okuyinto ihlukaniswe ukuphila kwakhe ku "ngaphambi nangemva". Kwathatha beka ukunikezelwa kwama-Pritzker Prize ngo Hermitage. Petersburg, lona wesifazane wamukela eziyigugu zethusi ngendondo, nomthombo wokusekela ngokwezimali yamaphrojekthi esizayo.

Kanjalo-ke, ngo-2014, Zaha wavula wokwakha yayo entsha e-Hong Kong, okuyinto kwakufuze ukuthi edwaleni, noma umkhumbi-mkhathi. Lokhu umbhoshongo Technical University Ukuqamba uye waba njengomuntu "izwi" ngekusasa. Ucezu ukuthi basuka okuzofakwa lapha, i zwe elingaphelele. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi e-Hong Kong kwaba umchithi ithalente lakhe e ezikude 1980, manje usengumfundi fan wakhe, futhi izixazululo. Mashi 31, 2016 naseHadidi wabanjwa ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, eyayiwukuba wakhe isigwebo sentambo.

amaphrojekthi esizayo

Izwe kwakudingeka umklomelo yezakhiwo. Pritzker umklomelo kwaba kwabaningi hhayi nje ukuqashelwa ithalente lakhe, kodwa futhi ugqozi engcono ukudala amaphrojekthi ezinkulu. Norman Foster UK won umklomelo ngo-1999. Waba abadumile nge "ikhukhamba" London neboskrebu-. Manje, ngo-2014, ngaqaphela lowo msebenzi wakhe wokwakha, ePennsylvania. Ngu-2017, kufanele yakhiwe ukuphakama embhoshongweni 336 amamitha angu-60 emabhilidini.

Ngo-2008, umklomelo, waklonyeliswa umakhi French Zhan Nuvel. Sekuyisikhathi eside izixazululo wakhe ongavamile kanye ukunwetshwa ukwazi komphakathi ohlonishwayo abaklami abadumile, kwakubonakala kanjalo umklomelo isethulo belated. Nokho, musa umvuzo Nouvel kwakungenakwenzeka. Imisebenzi yakhe yokwakha Iyamangalisa: izindlu, izakhiwo zomphakathi yezitolo, izikhungo zamasiko, izindawo ezihlukahlukene komphakathi nokuningi. Nouvel emuva akhe dlulile - lenqwaba izinto nezobuchwepheshe ephelele.

Manje Nouvel usebenzela ukwakhiwa iminyuziyamu ezimbili eRio de Zheneyro futhi Tokyo phezu Louvre e Abu Dhabi, phezu izikhungo ukuzijabulisa Dubai kanye Kuwait futhi ambalwa namabhilidi eNew York, eParis.

Pritzker uMklomelo eziningi isibe yithuluzi ekuthuthukisweni umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo. Laureates ababephila ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu, manje uhileleke kumaphrojekthi emikhulu, okuyinto ngokungangabazeki bayokwazi ukunqoba umuntu ngamunye.