Phinda komphakathi - Iyini? Iyini inqubo kabusha komphakathi yomuntu?

Umqondo, okuyinto lihlanganisani igama elithi "komphakathi" kuhlanganisa inqubo yokuxhumana nomphakathi. Lonke okushiwo lesi simanga itholakala nokwenziwa amagugu ngazinye, izindima kanye nemithetho, okuyinto abamukelekayo iningi labantu. Umqondo "komphakathi" kuqhathaniswa nezinye ezimbili. Amagama abo akhiwa ngokungeza ticalo. Lawa "de-komphakathi" futhi "kabusha komphakathi". Eyokuqala wabo libhekisela kulabo izinqubo oyedwa kugaywe amagugu engamukelekile futhi engamukelekile kanye nezinkambiso. Kulokhu umuntu uthola zengqondo ezingakhi nezindlela zokuziphatha. Lokhu kuholela destabilization kanye uhlobo ubudlelwane zomphakathi.

indlela desotsializatsii

Kungani umuntu engamukelekile ekhethiwe indlela? Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala, kuyenzeka ngokungazi. Izingane kanye intsha zamukele imikhuba yalezo abadala yokuphila kwabantu ngokungafanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bona ukwanelisa isifiso sakhe ukuthola ukwamukelwa lokhu microenvironment ezimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela, ezingqondweni zabo, ziba abantu abadala ngokushesha. Kulokhu, lo microenvironment engakhi ubuntu Kwenziwa ukulawula nomphakathi. Kulokhu, intsha noma izingane zithole udumo, isikhuthazo nokusekelwa lapho endleleni kutiphatsa lokungakafaneli. Inkuthalo, ububele nomusa kule imvelo umane inhlekisa.

Yonke inqubo ye de-komphakathi ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwe angesabi. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, it is eyenziwa ngenjongo. Isibonelo salokhu imfundo we sobugebengu kuthomba ngeqhaza labo izenzo eziphambana nomthetho. Kulesi indlela esetshenziswa kabanzi ukujezisa nemivuzo.

endleleni eya kabusha

Ukuze umuntu ume endleleni yokuziphatha engamukelekile, isimo ahlukahlukene tikhungo tetenhlalo ukulawula isicelo resocialization. Lo mqondo sibhekisela ohlotsheni oluthile izinguquko ezenzeka indoda, okukuvumela ukuthatha uhlobo lomkhuba ngokuyisisekelo sihluke yangaphambili. Kulokhu, isiqalo "PE" kusho ukubhujiswa nokuhlushwa kwala Ukudilizwa amagugu ezimbi kanye nezinkambiso eziye zafunda umuntu. Kule nqubo, ukwamukelwa kwenkolelo-umuntu imiqondo omuhle ukuthi bavunyelwa yinkampani.

Ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi

Umqondo "resocialization" sisetshenziswa kabanzi hhayi kuphela yilabo abamele Psychology kwezenhlalo kanye kwabantu. Yisho gama kanjengoba abameli nothisha. Kumayelana izinyathelo kwezenhlalo, ezisetshenziswa ngumphakathi kubantu, wangena emkhunjini wathatha indlela lobugebengu.

I pedagogy resocialization - is kahle amakhono amasha kanye namagugu okufanele esikhundleni ubudala ukumuncwa yisikhathi noma enganele. lonke Le nqubo siqondiswe abantu nge amafomu ahlukene ukuziphatha ezihlanekezelwe. Inhloso bezingelwa kabusha komphakathi - ukubuyiselwa isimo sezenhlalo elahlekile, kanye reorientation sokulahla izimo zengqondo ezingakhi. Isixazululo sale nkinga itholakala sengqondo esiqondile pedagogically ngamakhasimende imvelo ngabanye.

"Ukunikeza komphakathi iziboshwa" - a term esisetshenziselwa abameli ukuze uxazulule izinkinga Inqubomgomo lokujeziswa. Lusebenza kwentsha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-izifundo abasebasha ikhono kabusha komphakathi kunakunoma we Isizukulwane esidala. Kubantu abasha, leli gama lingase lisho hhayi inqubo ngokwalo kanye yi yayo.

Resocialization ubani?

umuntu ethatha indlela yentuthuko ngokungafanele kwezikhungo ezihleliwe ukuthi afeze ukulawula nomphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo okufanayo futhi kungenziwa kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele kabusha komphakathi. Lokhu kuhilela ukuqeqeshwa, ezempi, nomshikashika kukahulumeni, esikoleni kanye nomndeni, izinhlangano zomphakathi, kanye abomthetho ngokusebenzisa izinhlaka zayo izifo. Ngokuvamile kabusha komphakathi yomuntu wenziwa ngaphandle ejele. Nokho, lapho wenza umuntu izinyathelo ezibophayo kakhulu ingemukelwa isenzo esiyingozi emphakathini ngaye. Kulokhu, lapho ngokuqiniseka, uhamba ezindaweni yeziboshwa. Kulokhu, kabusha komphakathi - isigaba esithile, yakhelwe ukuze ubuyisele oxhumana nabo emphakathini ewusizo womuntu ngamunye kanye nomphakathi. Ngokuhamba le nqubo kumele ephukile indima nokuziphatha kwabantu ngokungafanele, kanye fixed amasampula omuhle ka ngetenhlalo nemagugu. Special ukuthi enze inqubo resotcializatcii kulokhu zimi kanje:

- zemfundo zabasebenzi amakoloni, lapho izingane;

- zokulungisa zabasebenzi amakoloni;

- ejele.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko, esiklanyelwe ukubhekana nalezi tikhungo tetenhlalo - kuyinto iNguquko futhi yokulungiswa abantu yicala, okungukuthi, kabusha komphakathi.

I ukunemba inkinga

resocialization sihloko lihlotshaniswa hhayi kuphela nalabo abaye benza izenzo zobugebengu. Iphinde kusebenza kweminye imikhakha yabantu. Ngakho, Inani elihle emphakathini kabusha komphakathi yezidakamizwa, abagulayo, nalabo ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi izinhlekelele zemvelo, impi noma izingozi.

Abantu abanjalo kudingeka singagcini nje usizo lomphakathi. Ukuze afeze ngenqubo evamile resocialization kudingeka ukuvala abacaphuni abangobe, ukulungiswa kwengqondo (auto-ukuqeqeshwa, njll). lithathelwe Social zabantu ezinjalo akufanele kulindeleke, uma kungekhona wasusa ukucindezeleka okungokomzwelo yomuntu.

Sebenza kabusha komphakathi

nokuvuselelwa Social emazweni Western Europe bekwi esiza abantulayo imiphakathi futhi izisekelo, Salvation Army, iBandla, nokunye. N. umsebenzi ocishe ufane wenziwa nokuvuselelwa izikhungo Russian. Kule ndaba kudingeka ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe- Psychology neyobuntu, angathathwa bazilungiselela izidingo yemikhuba nomphakathi.

Kuwufanele ethi isidingo lithathelwe yezenhlalakahle likhona cishe wonke umuntu. Kulokhu, imiphumela emihle kwenzeke kuphela uma kokukhipha ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.

isiphetho

Ngo biography of indoda, kukhona imijikelezo ezithile ekuphileni. Lokhu nezikhathi zazo bahlukana mlando. umjikelezo ngamunye omusha ushintsho izindima social, isimo esisha kuluthola. Ngokuvamile, izigaba zokuphila zinezikhathi ukwenqaba imvelo endala nemikhuba othintana friendly, evamile izinguquko isimiso. Ngo kwathatha isinyathelo esisha umuntu engena umjikelezo entsha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo anayo ukuze njalo uqeqeshe. Le nqubo uhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili, okuyinto zinamagama ekhethekile. Lapho umuntu kokulunyulwa kusukela kwezinkambiso langaphambilini, amagugu, imithetho yokuziphatha futhi izindima, khuluma ngezinto uyeke komphakathi yomuntu. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqeqeshwa. It ikuvumela ukuba ufunde izindima ezintsha, imithetho yokuziphatha namagugu esikhundleni ubudala. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi kabusha komphakathi, okungaba ezijulile ukuze kuholela izinguquko ezinkulu endleleni.

Isibonelo salokhu basemazweni okufika Russian, owafika Melika, buvela isiko elisha ngokuphelele, isebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi futhi ecebile. Personality has ukulahla imikhuba namazinga ubudala kanye namasiko ukuthi kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya yinto entsha ekuphileni.