Peregrine Bird: incazelo kanye nezithombe

Bird uheshe zisakazwa wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle Antarctica. Usayizi ngayo ompunga Igwababa kodwa kukhona abantu ngokwanele ezinkulu. Cabanga kwalokho. nezilwane enezimpiko ezaziwayo.

Peregrine: incazelo

It libhekene slate-grey izimpaphe amnyama ezinkalweni zabo, isisu elikhanyayo ezimibalabala. Ingxenye engenhla ikhanda omnyama. Sekukonke kukhona 17 zenyathi izinyoni. Bona ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu futhi umbala izici. Speed peregrine Falcon isiqongo phezu 322 km / h. Nokho, inhlangano elwela ovundlile, lowo kuvuma Amahlolamvula. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto okhozi. Peregrine Falcon lomndeni ezahlukene. I lokuzala kufinyelelwe engu-2. Ngu imibhangqwana iqhubeka kukho konke ukuphila. Peregrine lokushutheka sihamba phezu kwezihloko emikhulu, eweni emaweni, ezimweni ezingajwayelekile - kutakhiwo itshe (Amashalofu okubeka kanye ophahleni lwezakhiwo ubude, amabhuloho, insimbi, njll) kanye uhlevane ku bogs moss.

ukuzingela

Peregrine Falcon - isilwane ukuthi ukufunwa izisulu izinhlelo ethile esesibhakabhakeni noma ehlezi iphezulu. Lapho kutholakala somhlatshelo, kunqoba futhi litshuza phansi. peregrine indiza uheshe kushesha kangaka ukuthi ukukhiqizwa akanayo isikhathi ukuze aphunyuke. Lapho qhebeza phezulu isisulu, ukushaya imilenze tangential eligoqiwe, bezama emzimbeni. Bird uheshe ngakho okungu abadlala ngamazipho ukuthi ngisho ikhanda naphula umdlalo omkhulu. Predator kuzingelwa, ngokuvamile starlings, amadada, amajuba. izisulu zayo ngokuyinhloko naphakathi nezinyoni zamanzi noma Waterfowl zilwane. Akuvamile inyamazane yayo kukhona nezilwane ezincane ezincelisayo.

labantu

Bird ukhozi namuhla ibhekwa njengempophoma a zezinyoni ezingavamile. Ngemva kokuphela kwempi yezwe yesibili, inani labantu bayo encane kakade uqale ukunqabela ngokucijile. Lokhu kubangelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho DDT nezinye imithi yokubulala izinambuzane ezithinta ku kwengane esiswini. Ikakhulukazi kusukela ngo-1940 kuya maphakathi nawo-1960 labantu alikakangilahlekeli empumalanga United States, kanye West Sehle ngo 80-90%. Isimo esifanayo laligujwa insimu Western Europe. Ngezinye ezinkulu bavimba kuxazululwe on indawo endaweni. Ngu ngonyaka 1970, ngenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa zinambuzane wawuvinjelwe, kanye ngokusebenzisa ukwethulwa izinhlelo kwemvelo, inani izinyoni iye kancane kancane abuyiselwe. Lolu hlobo kufakwa ohlwini ku-Red egwalweni Russian Federation njengoba usayizi amancane ungaphakathi esigabeni sesibili. ISithasiselo CITES emhlabeni uvinjelwe ukuthengiswa kwalezi zinyoni.

izici yangaphandle

Peregrine Falcon inyoni kubhekwa ezinkulu. lomzimba walo has a ubude 34-50 cm. Ububanzi amaphiko ayo ifinyelela 80-120 cm. Abesifazane nibonakala kunangendlela kwabesilisa. Bahlaziya mayelana 910-1500 amagremu. Amaduna mayelana ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kubo ezincane. Isisindo sawo - 440-750 amagremu. dimorphism ngokocansi akuyona obonakaliswe umbala. Wenza okuhlukile ubhekwa F. p. madens (subtype ezingavamile), lapho kwabesifazane nabesilisa bheka ngokufanayo. Ngokuvamile Imizimba izinyoni uqine ngokwanele, okuyinto ejwayelekile ezidla ezinye asebenzayo. Banezinhliziyo esifubeni ezibanzi imisipha abavelele kanzima, iminwe eqinile, izinzipho okuyinto ngqo insaliwe. Uqhwaku lwenhlanzi okuthiwa i sifushane, isikela agobile. Kubantu abadala, lokhu ku engxenyeni engenhla umzimba kukhona ukungacaci amnyama stripes transverse. Emikhawulweni peregrine uheshe black amaphiko. Esiswini ngokuvamile ukukhanya. Kuye endaweni, kungaba bomvana, ompunga nomhlophe, ocher ngokuphuzi noma esibomvana sivela nge black nasebubini brown transverse speckles. Futhi khona ezinhlangothini futhi undertail. Streaks ezisebusweni esifubeni, kukhona ngesimo amathonsi. Umsila lincane eside, ekupheleni ijika. Shona phezulu ingxenye futhi feather igebe eliphakathi Uqhwaku nomphimbo abamnyama. Ingxenye engezansi emphinjeni kanye self - elikhanyayo - ngokubomvu noma elimhlophe. Peregrine uheshe amehlo ezinkulu kanye ezinkulu, konsundu. Zizungezwe aletha isikhumba elingenalutho. Imilenze noqhwaku abamnyama, cere - yellow. Ekupheleni kwe-mandible engenhla zitholakala amazinyo. Bona peregrine inyamazane eluma entanyeni. Yangaphakathi pin imilenze zimfushane ngaphandle yangaphandle futhi phakathi - amathambo eside. Izingane kuhluke izimpaphe ethambile. Ingxenye engenhla imizimba yabo nge imiphetho ocher brown isembozo, futhi phezulu - ukukhanya. Cere has a kwe-tint bluish-grey. Imilenze izinyoni ophuzi.

izwi

Creek peregrine nhlobonhlobo. Ukuze amehlo futhi ukuxhumana uveza umsindo abukhali "keeek-keeek-keeek" noma "Kyaka-Kyaka-Kyaka". Ngokukhathalela ucule okwe okusheshayo. Yena vocalizes "onqenqemeni onqenqemeni onqenqemeni". Esikhathini besilisa kokuzalela isizini nowesifazane akwazi ukuxhumana disyllabic elikhulu zimemeza zithi "uu-chip." Ezinye izindaba zika-isikhathi, ngokuvamile buthule.

endaweni

Peregrine uheshe, njengoba umthetho, zama ukukhetha ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki ukuba abantu. Ethanda, ukuba zihlale kubo ogwini olunamadwala zemizimba amanzi ezahlukene (ngaphakathi nangaphandle). Inani elikhulu izinyoni ebonwe ezintabeni, ezigodini emifula. Kulezi zindawo, izimo for zizalela elilungile kakhulu. Ezintabeni peregrine ngokuvamile luhlala phansi emadwaleni. Endaweni ihlathi ingatholakala ogwini amawa semilambo, ku ezinkulu bogs moss noma kwezihlahla, lapho ithatha izidleke endala nezinye izinyoni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo ke ekhetha peregrine naseduze kukhona njalo endaweni ixhaphozi. endaweni Izinga okungenani 10 sq. m. I peregrine Falcon uzama hhayi esidlekeni izindawo okhunini oluqinile amnyama, kanye nezindawo ezinkulu ze-non-ezinamahlathi. Ngezinye izikhathi (akuvamile eminyakeni yamuva) njengoba indawo yokuhlala akhetha nemizana, kuhlanganise ezinkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, kwatholakala ukuthi tights esiqhingini ku Moscow peregrine wahlala njalo ngonyaka esikhathini kusuka ngo-1927 kuya 1941-th, bese ngo-1963. Edolobheni sesihlela izidleke ophahleni amade, amasonto kanye nezinye izinhlaka. Ukuze 2008, kwatholakala ukuthi nepheya elilodwa lezibuko yezinyoni isidleke isakhiwo eyinhloko eMoscow State University.

indlela yokuphila

Yena ikakhulukazi sedentary. Ngezinye izikhathi, phakathi nenkathi ebandayo, bathuthela ibangana. ukuvuthwa Kufinyelelwe, abesilisa ngangokunokwenzeka, zama ukuhlala eduze ezindaweni lokushutheka unyaka wonke. Esikhathini sezulu Arctic kanye arctic peregrine kwenza ukufuduka yezinkathi ezithile olude. Ngokusho oyiphawulile by zezinyoni, kuye kwafa izinyoni, isidleke Greenland ebusika ongafinyelela ezindaweni eningizimu yezwekazi lase-South America. ERussia, le peregrine uheshe izidleke hhayi kuphela ezindaweni asemaqeleni of Western eSiberia naseMpumalanga iVolga esifundeni. It kungabonakala lapho ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwesizini.

amandla Izici

Peregrine Falcon odla izinyoni kuphela amancane kanye naphakathi: ondlunkulu, amadada, starlings, thrushes nabanye. Ngokuvamile, akuyona nobuntu okunamathiselwe ku ezithile. Ukudla kwakhe kuyahlukahluka, kuye ngezici ukutholakala, okuyinto sici zendawo ethile. Futhi izinyoni, ukukhiqizwa yayo ngezinye izikhathi baba ezincelisayo ezincane, njenge onogwaja izingwejeje, amalulwane. Iphinde odla izinambuzane nezilwane eziphila ezweni. Tundra (eSiberia) peregrine njalo kuzingelwa izimvukuzane, phansi izingwejeje, lemmings. Kwezinye izimo, bakha ingxenye yesithathu ukudla kwawo. Umsebenzi enkulu peregrine kugujwa Ekuseni nantambama. Isizinda advantageously waziqonda ngesikhathi ukunyakaza. Lokhu ngokuvamile ukuzingela izinyoni ngababili, abehlela isisulu ngokulandelana.

Imininingwane yalolu kuhlasela

Lapho iqaphela inyamazane, peregrine uheshe kuyinto fast kakhulu futhi Liyachuma kakhulu. Khona-ke folds amaphiko ayo futhi cishe engela kwesokudla phansi ngqo phansi. Ivame ukuba ubuhlungu isisulu Liyaqebekula ezikhululekile. Kusukela ukushaya ikhanda kungase lindiza noma ukukhiqizwa esiswini waklebhula. Kepha uma engathandi ukukuhlenga anele, peregrine eqeda umhlatshelo, zabaluma entanyeni. Nge inyamazane liyophuma entabeni, lapho ibadla. Ngokungafani nezinye izilwane ezidla, peregrine uheshe eshiya lonke ikhanda namaphiko futhi kwezinye izimo, izinyawo lohlaselwayo.

isiphetho

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, peregrine falcon bezilokhu kubhekwe inyoni ezingavamile, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi it is kahle ezovumelana nezimo ezahlukahlukene zezulu landscape. Okwamanje kuba labantu iyonke ihlala izinzile. Nokho, kwezinye izindawo, kukhona ekushintshashintsheni ezincane inombolo noma ukunyamalala ngokuphelele engokwemvelo zilwane. Ingozi sokuthuthukiswa nokunakekelwa peregrine uheshe labantu ezingeni ozinzile, ngaphandle amakhemikhali, is ukuncintisana nge saker Falcons. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezingezinhle yilezi: ukuntula ezindaweni ezifanele yokwakha isidleke, ukuzingela ngokungemthetho, landscape kwamasiko izinguquko. Ezinye ukukhathazeka ingabagulisa izilwane ezidla ezinye zasendle ezibhubhisa izidleke. Lezi ngokuyinhloko zihlanganisa Martens, izimpungushe, izikhova. Peregrine Falcons uzizwe kahle ezindaweni etholakala eduze uhlalwe ngabantu. Nokho, ngokweqile ukunakwa komuntu, bangase babe nemizwa ukungakhululeki.