Papillary yegilo carcinoma: izimbangela, izimpawu, izigaba kanye izici of ukwelashwa

izibalo kwezokwelapha kubonisa ukuthi abanale nkinga ngesikhathi samanje - omunye okuvame kakhulu. Basuke kutholakala umuntu oyedwa kwabane ezintathu, ikakhulukazi asebekhulile. Lesi sifo esiyingozi kakhulu ubhekwa umdlavuza (carcinoma) we indlala yegilo. Lokhu uphethwe bonke okwesabisayo owezwa lawa mazwi kuphela. Kodwa empeleni izinto akuzona scary ngakho njengoba kubonakala. imithi wanamuhla ngakho athuthukile, evumela ukuchaza lesi sifo ngendlela efanele usaqala futhi ngempumelelo ayibulale. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe omunye hlobo lomdlavuza, okuthiwa "carcinoma papillary yegilo."

izici isifo

umdlavuza Papillary landile yezinye izinhlobo. Umdlavuza kuphakama kusukela izicubu isitho enempilo libhekwa njengombala nginesimila noma isimila emikhulu engalingani. Ngo-80% amacala, iziguli ngokuphelele ekungaphelelini lolu hlobo carcinoma.

Uma sikhuluma ezinye izinhlobo umdlavuza ke kuqhathaniswa nabo papillary carcinoma ivame ukuba zikhule zibe zinde kakhulu. Esinye isici - the Ukudlulela ka papillary yegilo carcinoma ngokuvamile lasakazekela-lymph.

Njengomthetho, isiguli okungukuthi kuphela 1 iyunithi, e ezingavamile izimo, abaningana kubo. Cishe yilesi sifo eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 30-55, ikakhulukazi abesifazane (kodwa ngezinye izikhathi inkinga itholakala lapho futhi amadoda).

izizathu

Akekho umuntu ukunemba akakwazi ukunquma ukuthi kungani nomdlavuza yegilo. Odokotela basikisela ukuthi isizathu okungenzeka kakhulu iyona kuguquka cell. Kungani ngisabela kokuba kuguquka enjalo futhi abakwazi ukuthola.

Isimila eba ngemva amaseli baye soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka. Baqala ukuba ikhule, kancane kancane ezithinta izicubu umzimba ube nempilo.

Njengoba ososayensi lokucabanga, carcinoma ka papillary umdlavuza yegilo eba ngenxa:

• Inani enganele iodine umzimba;
• imvelo;
• ionizing emisebeni;
• iziyaluyalu ngemuva kwama-hormone;
• iziyaluyalu azalwa naso;
• imikhuba emibi (ukubhema, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala);
• njalo amagciwane izifo zokuphefumula.

ubufakazi

Le ndlela umdlavuza eba kancane, ngakho kusaqalwa kunqunywa ngengozi, hhayi ngoba kukhona okungalungile izimpawu. Kubantu, akukho ukungakhululeki, ubuhlungu, wayephila ukuphila ngokugcwele. Lapho isimila ziqala ukumila, kuholela ubuhlungu entanyeni. Umuntu angase akuthole uqobo engasesandleni olunye uphawu.

Ezigabeni kamuva carcinoma yendlala papillary kubangela lezi zimpawu:

• anda wesibeletho lymph node (ezimweni eziningi uhlangothi, lapho kukhona isimila esibulalayo);
• ubuhlungu entanyeni;
• angaphandle umzimba ukuzwa lapho uvuleka;
• ngezinye izikhathi izwi iba hoshozela;
• avele iphika;
• ngenkathi ecindezela entanyeni (ikakhulukazi uma umuntu ngohlangothi yayo) wazizwa ukungakhululeki eside.

esigabeni

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubhekwa njengesilwane esisengcupheni carcinoma papillary we indlala yegilo? Isiteji, izimpawu zazo kukhona isisekelo ukuxilongwa:

1. Ubudala kuze kube iminyaka engu-45:

• Isinyathelo mina: kumiswa iyiphi isayizi. Kwesinye isikhathi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukusakaza ezicutshini eseduze futhi zamanzi. Metastases ayibi ku nezinye izitho. Omunye engazizwa izimpawu zokugula, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona kancane hoarseness, okuncane ubuhlungu entanyeni.
• Isiteji II: sokukhula ngokuqina njengoba siphikelele zamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Metastases zithonye-lymph kanye nezinhlaka ukuthi sekuseduze ukuba le ndlala yegilo (emaphashini, amathambo). Izimpawu ngokwanele uzwakalise, bona ngeke zinganakwa.

2. Age engaphezu kwengu-45:

• Isiteji mina: isimila esingaphansi 2 cm, akukho nezinye izitho aziphazamiseki papillary umdlavuza yegilo. Izimpawu ze-esiteji: umuntu angabi nomuzwa noma yiziphi izinguquko noma izimpawu zikahle.
• Isiteji II: Ithumba ngaphakathi kwemingcele indlala yegilo, kodwa isixazululo 4 cm.
• Isiteji III: usayizi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 4 cm, amangqamuzana anomdlavuza kuthinte izitho eseduze.

I jikelele isithombe

Ukubukeka isayithi noma uphawu - lesi esokuqala oqala umdlavuza yegilo. Carcinoma ka papillary umdlavuza yegilo libhekene izinhlangano olulodwa, ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, amaningi. Uma engeyokuqala okungukuthi ngokujulile, futhi yayo usayizi okungukuthi elincane ke umuntu akakwazi bakuthola wena. isimila esibulalayo esikhula 1 cm awukwazi ngisho ukucacisa endocrinology. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye US wathola imfundo onje noma ngemuva umdlavuza amangqamuzana aqala ukuzihlukanisa lasakazekela-lymph, futhi, esikhundleni salokho, anda.

Lapho inani elincane ISIZINDA sifo kuthiwa "esicashile papillary carcinoma." Lolu hlobo imfundo akuyona kuyingozi kakhulu, ngisho at the stage of Ukudlulela. Uhamba isimila ngokukhululekile indlala yegilo, kungenziwa dengwane ngesikhathi singagwinyi. Kodwa lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukusakaza ezicutshini nxazonke, isimila esibulalayo esikhula kuba isilungisiwe.

Metastases kakhulu kuyaqabukela basakazekela kwezinye izitho (ngaphandle-lymph). Kwenzeka kuphela izigaba eziphambili lesi sifo. Metastases abe isikhathi eside impahla akufanele wazizwa. Ngo iningi amacala, papillary umdlavuza kuthintwa ama-lymph node, akuvamile lasakazekela nakwamanye yegilo Lobe.

Izici cell

Isici eziyisisekelo umdlavuza:

• usayizi - kusuka kwangu ambalwa ngamasentimitha ambalwa;
• ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, lapho mitosis;
• igxile ekusungulweni kungenzeka calcium ezifakwa noma nezibazi;
• isimila akuyona encapsulated;
• amaseli akudingeki umsebenzi hormone.

inhlolovo

Ekuqaleni, lo dokotela palpates kwale ndlala entanyeni. Palpated futhi wesibeletho zamanzi. Uma udokotela ithola into, isiguli ithunyelwa e-US, ngawo uzokwazi ukucacisa khona izinhlangano, ubungako bawo futhi isakhiwo.

Cytological isithombe papillary yegilo carcinoma - umsebenzi oyinhloko inhlolovo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kahle inaliti nenshisekelo biopsy, okuyinto eyenziwa ngokuqinile ngaphansi kokulawula US.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kukhona Ukudlulela kwezinye izitho, isiguli uthunyelwa akuyona x-ray.

Okubalulekile!

Cytological papillary yegilo carcinoma - lokhu akulona iqiniso, okuyinto ayiqukethe incazelo. Kukhona lwati lwa "Cytology" (definition isakhiwo amaseli ukuze bahlonze izifo) kanye "papillary carcinoma."

ukwelashwa

Ungasiza kanjani? Isiguli ukuxilongwa "papillary yegilo carcinoma"? Ukwelashwa siqukethe kokungenela kuhlinzwa. Ngo leso sifo isetshenziswa yegilo. Kunezincazelo ezimbili ezicatshangelwayo imisebenzi:

• yegilo isikhashana esinqunyiwe;
• yegilo Imininingwane.

Ukuze ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza aye ayisebenzisa kaningi ukwelashwa iodine radioactive, wenziwa emva kokuhlinzwa.

yegilo esinqunyiwe

Ukuhlinzwa yalolu hlobo kuboniswa in iziguli usayizi elincane umdlavuza, esemgwaqweni ingenye yezindlela umzimba iyizingxenye. Kubalulekile ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza abazange basakaze ikuphi. Ngokuvamile, izimo ezinjalo, isayithi ingeqi 1 cm ububanzi. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa - hhayi ningi than 2 amahora.

Isiguli akusho ukusongela ukuthuthukiswa hypothyroidism, ngoba kufakwa ama-hormone kwemiqondo kungathintekanga share yegilo. Ngezinye izikhathi udinga replacement therapy ne-hormone yokwelapha.

Imininingwane yegilo

Inqubo kuhilela nokususwa ngokuphelele indlala yegilo. Bobabili iyizingxenye excised isitho, kanye lesi siqephu exhumanisa kubo. Ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukususa-lymph. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni lapho zikhulile kakhulu, futhi metastases yabo. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa - mayelana 4 h.

Ngemva lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa isiguli kuyodingeka uthathele ukuphila gormonosoderzhaschie izidakamizwa. Phela, asihlali kwezicubu zomzimba we indlala yegilo.

Radioactive ukwelashwa iodine

Lokhu ukwelashwa isetshenziswa lapho ukusebenza lwenziwe kakade. It ihlose ukubhujiswa izinsalela amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Metastases, abaye ngalé kwemingcele umzimba, waya ama-lymph node, kakhulu yingozi. Ukusebenzisa i-iodine enemisebe ehluleka ukubulala amangqamuzana ezinjalo. bavame ukuhlala kule ndlala indlala ngokwawo emva yegilo esinqunyiwe.

Ngisho noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza baye basakaza kuya emaphashini, ngosizo yokwelapha iodine enemisebe kuzo luqedwe ngempumelelo.

Isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Yegilo - ukuhlinzwa eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa emumva kuye ngokushesha okwanele. Iziguli eziningi ngubani kufanele baphile nge operation enjalo, ungazizwa ukungakhululeki kakhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Umuntu angakwazi ukuphinde benze imisebenzi evamile ngokushesha emva osenyameni evela esibhedlela.

Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ngemva kokuhlinzwa akakwazi ukudla ngokugcwele, kungcono uphuze amanzi. Kodwa lokhu akulona icala. I imbobo akuphazamisi singagwinyi kokubili ukudla uketshezi okuqinile.

yezinkinga kungenzeka

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuxakeka ukuhlinzwa uphela:

1. Ukulimala yansukuzonke emsipheni laryngeal, okuyinto unomthwalo izwi.
2. Hoarseness noma ushintsho oluncane ke. Ngezinye izikhathi izwi is kwashintsha unomphela.
3. Ukulimala nezindlala parathyroid. Basuke etholakala emva indlala yegilo, ngakho zingase zithinteke ngesikhathi ukusebenza. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kuyaqabukela e odokotela abahlinzayo ongenalwazi. Umonakalo ubhekene ukwephulwa calcium ne phosphorus umzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kuholela ekuphelelweni hypoparathyroidism.

ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke

Kulokuthi umuntu kungashintsha kube carcinoma papillary we indlala yegilo? Isibikezelo sisihle ezimweni eziningi. Ngisho noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza baye lasakazekela-lymph, isiguli ungaphila isikhathi eside. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ngemva kokuhlinzwa umuntu uhlala:

• iminyaka engaphezu kuka-20 e-70% amacala;
• eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-10 e-85% amacala;
• phezu 5 iminyaka e-95% amacala.

Njengoba ubona, akunjalo ezimbi papillary yegilo carcinoma. Izinga sokusinda impela high, ngisho ezimweni lapho isimila sandile nangale kwale ndlala.

ukusihlola

Ngemva Yiqiniso egcwele ukuphathwa umuntu kufanele uvakashele njalo i endocrinology. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuqashwe impilo jikelele. Kwesinye isikhathi umdlavuza ukuza emuva, ngakho kufanele ahlolwe ngokugcwele njalo ngonyaka:

• ukuhlaziywa wegazi (kuchazwe yokwelapha kahle esikhundleni, futhi khona izimila ebulalayo, le metastases okusele);
• US of a yegilo indlala kanye izindlala zamanzi;
• umzimba scan iodine.

Papillary yegilo umdlavuza - isifo esiyingozi, kodwa ezimweni eziningi luqedwe ngokuphelele. Indlela eyinhloko yokwelashwa - ukusebenza, ngemva kwalokho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba iphendukele ukwelashwa iodine enemisebe.