Nokusebenzisa kabusho imikhiqizo esisebenzile imfucuza yephepha: ubuchwepheshe, imishini

Nokusebenzisa kabusho imikhiqizo esisebenzile imfucuza yephepha, imfucuza yephepha ukuthi baqonde izinto ezenzekayo kakhulu umsebenzi namuhla, kuvumela ukulondoloza imithombo yemvelo ngokungadingekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqoqwa udoti imfucuza yephepha bese - sebhizinisi, minyaka yonke uletha imali ekahle.

Izinkampani ezinkulu, ekucubunguleni amathani angaphezu kuka-100 "imfucuza yephepha" unyaka ngamunye, hhayi kuphela supply abathengi isiRashiya, kodwa futhi ukuze badayise umkhiqizo wabo emazweni aseYurophu. Kanye izimboni ezinkulu okuyinto ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yephepha olusuka kabusha, ezweni lethu ngempela ngempumelelo asebenza amabhizinisi amancane, ekucubunguleni amathani zasebenza ngonyaka engaphansi kwengama-20 eziyinkulungwane.

Lokho kuhlanganisa kabusha ngezinto zokwakha yesibili ebomvu iphepha? Yini ngidinga ukuvula yami mini-processing plant imfucuza yephepha?

Imfucuza yephepha: Business imibono

Yiqiniso, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphinde zisebenziseke yesibili eluhlaza - Umsebenzi esihle abalulekile emphakathini. Kodwa kungani kuzuzisa usomabhizinisi kabusha imfucuza yephepha? ERussia, njengoba emhlabeni, ukusebenza ukuphinda kusetshenziswe izinto zokusetshenziswa akuyona kuphela ukwamukela, kodwa futhi ungathola ukwesekwa kusukela kutiphatsimandla tesigodzi, kubandakanya ezezimali.

Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe amaphepha asesebenzile - ikhono lokuhlela ibhizinisi ne ukutshalwa kwezimali amancane kokuqala. Kepha usomabhizinisi lowo angafeza hhayi kuphela umjikelezo ogcwele ukucutshungulwa, kodwa futhi ukuze enze inzuzo ngokwenza esisodwa noma eziningana izigaba processing imfucuza yephepha.

Kuze kube manje, ukufunwa ongakhetha ezinjalo "iphepha" ibhizinisi:

• Ukuthola (lokuqoqa) wastepaper, kulandele ukuhlunga kanye ukugxisha.
• Ulungiselela slurry (ukucutshungulwa esinqunyiwe).
• Plant izocubungulwa imfucuza kanye ukukhiqizwa iphepha nephepha imikhiqizo.

Ukuthola (reception) nokuhlela fibre kabusha

Yakha ibhizinisi esigabeni sokuqala ukucutshungulwa iphepha udoti - ikhambi iningi elula ukuthi akudingi Yimali enkulu yezimali. Isimo esisemqoka inhlangano ibhizinisi ezifana - khona eyodwa noma ngaphezulu amabhizinisi etholakalayo kucutshungulwa fibre kabusha.

Ibhizinisi ukucutshungulwa eyinhloko iphepha kabusha inalokhu izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Collection (reception) imfucuza yephepha.
• Ukuhlunga bese ucindezela.
• Ukudayiswa kabusha iphepha ukucutshungulwa amabhizinisi.

Indlela ukuhlela ukuqoqwa imfucuza yephepha

ukutshalwa kwezimali zokuqala kuzodinga liqashe ishede kanye ukuthengwa imishini - press ephepheni. Cindezela umshini, kuye ngokuthi amandla, izobiza kusuka 70 kuya kwezingu-500. I izilinganiso ibhizinisi seqoqo iphepha isitokwe kufanele futhi zihlanganisa zokuthutha izindleko: ukuthengwa kanye nokugcinwa amaloli ukuthuthwa imfucuza yephepha kanye eseqedile impahla olubunjiwe.

Okokuqala, ukusithatha supply ungaphazanyiswa eluhlaza izinto amabhizinisi wahlanganyela ukucutshungulwa imfucuza yephepha, kudingeka ukusungula imithombo unomphela izinto zokusetshenziswa. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene: ovulekile futhi ukukhangisa "kuqoqwa" imfucuza yephepha zabo, ukungena ezivumelwaneni nezinkampani amancane osomabhizinisi abanentshisekelo nokukhishwa imfucuza yephepha, setha iziqukathi ukuqoqwa imfucuza yephepha eduze imizi, izikole, ehhovisi izakhiwo.

Kuhlelwe imfucuza yephepha

Isinyathelo esilandelayo - ukuhlunga kanye ukugxisha secondary iphepha okuphakelayo. Kulesi sigaba zokuhlela zonke imisebenzi eyenziwa ngesandla.

Kumelwe ngokucophelela lungisa futhi ukuhlukanisa yonke "non-paper" izinto - izinsalela ingcina eteyipini, Cellophane, izinto kabi encibilikayo, metal besokunxele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke impahla eluhlaza is izigaba ezintathu:

• High izinga izinsalela (isigaba A). Lezi zihlanganisa white "ihhovisi" iphepha, emhlophe iphepha izikhwama.
• izinga esijwayelekile (isigaba B) - zonke ezinye imfucuza, ngaphandle amaphephandaba kanye amakhadibhodi anoma yiluphi uhlobo.
• ukhwaliti ongaphakeme iphepha (isigaba B). It is "bahlolwe out" leqembu iphephandaba futhi amakhadibhodi yesibili.

Ngemva uhlukana impahla iphepha onomfutho futhi zilethwe kabusha of izinto zokusetshenziswa secondary.

Ngokuvamile, leli bhizinisi efana imfucuza yephepha, eziningi pluses. Ububi kuphela intengo iphansana esakhokhwa inkampani, ukuthatha ukucutshungulwa izinto zokusetshenziswa yesibili. Njengamanje, izindleko isilinganiso impahla onomfutho - kusukela 1000 kuya ruble 3000 ngethani.

kabusha olungaphelele imfucuza yephepha

Ukuze inzuzo ngaphezulu ungase ucabangele lo msebenzi kukho njengoba ukucutshungulwa esinqunyiwe noma kokuqala imfucuza yephepha ku uginindela, okungukuthi, ukulungele impahla eluhlaza for zokukhiqiza ephepheni. Kuyazuzisa kokungenela enjalo kungaba endaweni eduze kwaphakathi nendawo noma enkulu uginindela nephepha lokugaya, okungase bangena esivumelwaneni nokulethwa kwengaphakathi.

Nokusebenzisa kabusho imikhiqizo esisebenzile materials yesibili engahleliwe uginindela iphepha senzeka ngezigaba eziningana. Okokuqala, Scrap ephepheni ugcwala isikhashana emanzini. mass Soggy kwakugaywa badabula ngesihlungo - kulesigaba, ekugcineni sifted doti ezisele ngemuva ekuhlungeni. Indaphundaphu Iphepha bleached futhi disinfected (uma umugqa ukukhiqizwa imishini ohambelana) kanye frother ngesiswebhu. Ungqimba kwaphumela sibizwa sicindezelwe, omisiwe. Ungqimba kwaphumela ebizwe uginindela ihlinzekwa ngokucubungula isitshalo.

Inhlangano ye-workshop for processing esinqunyiwe

Ngakho, ukucutshungulwa workshop udinga ukuthenga umkhiqizo line ehlanganisa imishini elandelayo:

• Industrial amathangi ngoba sifakwe emanzini imfucuza yephepha, isitoreji kanye ukuxuba amathangi.
• Pumps abezokuphepha.
• Izinsiza kusebenza for magciwane kanye amakhorali izinto.
• Machine-yesivini ejenti.

Yiqiniso, inhlangano workshop izocubungulwa imfucuza yephepha ku uginindela zidinga ukutshalwa kakhulu ngaphezu iqoqo kulandzelana nekuhlunga iphepha isitokwe. Kuye amandla ezweni womshini emgqeni siphelile for ngokucubungula izinto yesibili engahleliwe uginindela iphepha kuyodingeka bakhokhe ama-ruble ayizigidi 500. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezengeziwe izindleko abasebenzi zokuthutha.

Kodwa imali etholakale ngokudayiswa izinto zokusetshenziswa siphelile ziphakeme kakhulu. Njengamanje, isilinganiso senani ton kwengaphakathi ngamunye zokhahlamba kusuka ruble 25 kuya kwezingu-40.

Umjikeleto egcwele ukucubungula. Imikhiqizo kusukela kabusha iphepha isitokwe

Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi mini-plant ekucubunguleni imfucuza yephepha ku iphepha usuthela ngokushesha okuningi kunalokho iphuzu qoqo imfucuza yephepha. Nokho, le nhlangano ibhizinisi ezinjalo ngeke kuphela adinga esikhulu kokuqala capital investment. Hlela mini-ifektri kuyoba eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kangakanani: isidingo ukuqasha abasebenzi, ukuqinisekisa ukunikezela ungaphazanyiswa ngobuningi obanele of izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlela iziteshi zokusabalalisa imikhiqizo yayo. Kukhona okuningi nezidingo namazinga zokuphepha ngoba imisebenzi kanye nezinhlangano zabasebenzi.

Esikhathini nemibandela kwamabhizinisi amancane ngokusho imishini kungenzeka ukuhlela ukukhiqizwa iphepha napkins, toilet paper, amakhadibhodi, kraft iphepha.

Kanjani ukuhlela mini-efektri kabusha

Umjikelezo ephelele imfucuza yephepha kabusha e izimpahla zasendlini kudinga ukutshalwa esiphezulu kokuqala ngoba sihilela inhlangano ukunikezela ungaphazanyiswa of izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukukhokhela indawo yokuhlala noma kwe-ukukhiqizwa sakhiwo esikhulu. Futhi udinga ukuthenga imishini ukubhekisiswa imfucuza yephepha ku uginindela, futhi umugqa ukwenziwa imikhiqizo yephepha.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge nezinto ezidingekayo ukusheshe sithole isiqondiso imikhiqizo. Imishini in the line ukukhiqizwa ukwenziwa amakhadibhodi ukuba ezibonakalayo ezahlukene kusukela imishini ukwenziwa napkins iphepha futhi toilet paper. Ngakho, ubuchwepheshe lapho ukucutshungulwa imfucuza yephepha lekufanele akhicitwe ephepheni, futhi kuncike kulokho izinto uzobe kukhiqizwa kusukela isitokwe ephepheni.

I okungabizi kakhulu - emgqeni ukwenziwa "nomzimba omncane" iphepha: napkins, iphepha amathawula, toilet paper. Izinsiza kusebenza, kuncike umthamo kanye degree of ezishintshayo ukukhiqizwa, izobiza phakathi ruble 1 million. Inzuzo enkulu imikhiqizo efana - baningi futhi njalo kusukela labantu. Kodwa futhi okhokhela ukukhiqizwa "nomzimba omncane" iphepha akuyona ngokushesha okukhulu kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu - ngentengo encane per unit kanye ezingeni eliphezulu mncintiswano kule ndawo izinto zokukhiqiza kuphela.

Okuningi kuyodingeka bakhokhe ukuze imishini ukwenziwa kraft iphepha noma paperboard. Lokho okwakudingeka ukuze kukhokhwe umugqa ukwenziwa "amakhadibhodi" imikhiqizo namuhla iqala uphawu ruble ayizigidi ezingu 3. Izinzuzo lolu hlobo ukukhiqizwa yilezi:

• Asikho isidingo sokuphinda amakhorali noma ukudaya iphepha isitokwe.
• Intengo Okuningi evumayo per unit.
• The kungenzeka ukugcwaliseka amakhadibhodi emaphaketheni izinto izimboni eziningi ezinkulu.

Lapho inhlangano afanele yokuthengisa mini-processing plant udoti iziteshi iphepha amakhadibhodi usuthela ngokushesha impela, ngemva kweminyaka engu-2-4 nje.