Ngubani othole iCape of Good Hope futhi ngumuphi unyaka

I Cape of Good Hope mhlawumbe i-cape edume kakhulu e-Afrika. Iphi iCape of Good Hope? Engxenyeni yeRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika, ukuba uqonde ngqo, e-Cape Peninsula.

Ukukhuluma kokuqala

Amazwi amaningi ahlambalazwa atshelwa ngabasolwandle ngale ndawo, ababekufela yona. Umlando wokuhamba ngemoto uchaza imizamo emikhulu yabaningi abahamba ngezinyawo namaphayona, okudingeka basebenze ukuze banqobe ukuhamba kwamanzi olwandle, begijima leli cape.

Ubani othole iCape of Good Hope? Lo mbuzo awukwazi ukuphendulwa ngokungaqondile. Manje, ngokuthembela kolwazi lwemithombo yomlando, singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi abantu bokuqala bavakashela le ndawo ngo-500 BC ngaphambi kwesikhathi seGibhithe lasendulo.

Uhambo Olwandle LwaseGibhithe

Kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaFaro Necho II, owaqala ukubuyisela ukusimama kwezomnotho ezweni lakhe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwakudingeka ukuthola indlela yokuletha izimpahla zaseGibhithe eYurophu, okungukuthi, ukuthola umkhondo lapho. Ukuthunyelwa kwabasebenzi baseFenike abaqashiwe bathunyelwe ohlangothini olumpumalanga ye-Afrika, lapho abagibeli bezilwandle bebethemba ukuthola izinsizakalo. Lolu hambo lwahlala iminyaka emithathu, futhi izikhathi eziningana amaFenike ayephazamisa, efika eMhlabeni ukuze akhule okuthile okudliwayo, njengoba izimpahla zingabalwa isikhathi eside kangaka. Lokhu kwandiswa kwaba yi-Afrika. ICape of Good Hope cishe yaba yindawo yokufika kwabo, bese abagibeli bawuzungeza. Lapho bebuya, abaseFenike abadangelekile basitshela ukuthi babethukile ukuthi "ilanga laphenduka kanjani ngokuzumayo uhlangothi olusenyakatho," ngakho-ke, bawela i-equator.

Ukusesha okusebenzayo akuphumelelanga, futhi ukuhamba okungazange kusebenze imali. Izindleko zadlula imali, futhi eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili akekho ozama ukugibela lapha.

UBartolomeo Dias: lowo owathola iCape of Good Hope

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XV, abaningi baseYurophu abacebile bekulungele ukukhokha imali yezimpahla ezimnandi nezindleko ezivela eNdiya ezikude. Kodwa-ke, indlela yavinjelwa lapho ngamazwe amakhulu amaSulumane, ngoba abalandeli bezimfundiso zikaMahmad abazange bafune ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwane neYurophu futhi bavuselele ubuhlobo bezohwebo. Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka ukufuna enye indlela - ulwandle.

Imizamo yokuqala yokuyithola yenziwe yiPutukezi. I-Portugal yasePortugal uJooo II wathumela uhambo lokufuna indawo yokudoba ezweni lezindlovu. Ekuqaleni kwalolu hambo kwakunguBartolomeo Dias, owathi, ngokukhuthazela nokukhuthazela, wahamba neqembu lakhe eCape of Good Hope. Kodwa kunzima kanjani! Izinga leGreyish, isimo sengqondo sabantu abanobubi. Amalungu eqembu lakhe kaningi aphakamisa umfutho wemikhumbi. Bafuna ukubuyela ezweni lakubo, ngoba iningi lawo lalahlekelwa ithemba lokuthola indlela eya eNdiya. Embuzweni othi "Uphi iCape of Good Hope?" Akekho iqembu lezinhlanzi zasolwandle, kuhlanganise noBartolomeo Dias, engakwazi ukuphendula. Njengoba laba beyizizwe zokuqala ukugibela kuwo, bebengakwazi ukuthi indawo yani ngokuqondene namazwekazi. Futhi wayengenalo ngisho negama. Khona-ke uB. B. Diash, ehlatshwa umxhwele ukuhlushwa okwabayisa kule ndawo, kubiza ngokuthi "Cape of Storms". Ngakho kwakukhona ukuvulwa kweCape of Good Hope. Unyaka lapho lesi senzakalo senzeke khona (1488) kwakuyisiqalo somlando wale ndawo engaqondakali futhi engavamile.

Ukubuyiselwa kwamasolwandle asePutukezi

Okunye ukunganeliseki okukhulu ngeqembu likaDiasha kwaholela ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi lo mjikelezo wawuphenduke endleleni. Abasolwandle banqabile ukuqhubeka nohambo, okwakubonakala kubo. Ababonanga lutho eminye imizamo yokuya eMpumalanga, njengokungathi isici ngokwazo sasibhekene nabo futhi sathumela iziphepho eziningi. Kodwa, naphezu kokuthi abagibeli bezilwandle abazange bafinyelele emaphethelweni aseNdiya, iNkosi uJuan II yajabula ngemiphumela yalolu hambo, ngokubala "ukuhlonishwa" kuphumelele. Into kuphela ayengayithandi kwakuyigama elisabekayo elinikezwe iCape Bartolomeo Dias. Inkosi ibheka ukuthi i-cape idinga elinye igama elizogqugquzela abahambi ukuthi iKapa ayiyona isithiyo esikhulu endleleni eya eNdiya, kodwa isinyathelo sokuqala sisondela kuso. Ngakho-ke, wanikeza le ndawo igama elithi "Cape of Good Hope". Izixhumanisi zendawo: latitude: -34.358056; I-Longitude: 18.471944

Uhambo lukaVasco da Gama

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva omunye umPutukezi, uVasco da Gama, wayengowokuqala ukuhamba ngomgwaqo ohambweni lokuqala futhi wenza inothi ebhokisini lakhe lomkhumbi. Wabhala ukuthi ngenxa yesikhatsi eside nekhono lokuqondisa umkhumbi wakhe wadlula iCape of Good Hope. Isihloko se-lyric sasiyisihluthulelo senhlanhla yamaPutukezi. Ukutholakala kweCape of Good Hope nguVasco da Gama kubuya ngo-1497. Leli thutha lafika emaphethelweni aseNdiya, okuyinto eyabika emuva enkosini lapho ebuya. Ngakho, uVasco da Gama wagcwalisa umgomo oyinhloko wohambo lwakhe. Futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwensimu yaseNingizimu Afrika akufakiwe kulo.

Ukuvulwa kweCape of Good Hope amaDashi njengendlela yokuguqulwa komgwaqo

Ukusungulwa kwedolobha-ichweba laseKapa (kusukela "esizindeni" sesiNgisi ku-promontory ") kuwukufaneleka kwamaDashi. Yilabo abavula iCape of Good Hope njengendawo yokuqala yokudlulisa phakathi kweLotterdam ne-India. Kwalapha lapho iziguli zelashwa futhi imikhumbi yaseDutch East India yanikezwa ngamanzi nokudla. Abantu bomdabu wabantu bokuqala ekuqaleni babamukela izivakashi. Kodwa ngasekugcineni kweminyaka engama-60 ekhulwini le-XVII, lapho abaseYurophu beqala ukucasula iKapa, ukufuduka kwabantu bakubo ezweni lakubo kwaqala nokuguqulwa kwabo ebugqilini. Ngalesi sisekelo, izingxabano ezide, ezamanzi zaqala.

Ukungqubuzana phezu kweCape

IsiNgisi sazi ukuthi ngubani owatholile iCape of Good Hope, owasungula iKapa. Kodwa lokhu akuzange kuvimbele ukuba bangathathi ngo-1795 bevela e-Dutch eseningizimu ye-Afrika. Manje le nsimu iye yaziwa ngokuthi "isifundazwe saseCape of Good Hope". Phakathi kwabantu kwakuyizinzalo zamakholoni okuqala - amaBoers, aseDutch asho "abalimi". Imiyalo emisha yavusa ukunganaki okuqinile phakathi kwabo, futhi, lapho benqobe ukumelana kukaZulu endleleni yabo, bathuthela enyakatho yezwekazi.

Ukukhululeka embusweni wekoloni

Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, amaBoers ahlala eceleni, futhi indawo abahlala kuyo yanikezwa igama elingavumelekile "amaRiphablikhi eBoer". Kodwa lapho kutholakala ukuthi kula mazwe kukhona amadijithi amakhulu edayimane negolide, isiNgisi sasibuye sabalalela amaBoers avukelayo. Kusukela ngo-1899 kuya ku-1902 kwaqhubekela phambili izimpi ezinkulu ze-Anglo-Boer, ngenxa yokuthi i-United Kingdom isabamba insimu yezifundazwe zaseBoer. Manje iNingizimu Afrika yonke (iCape of Good Hope, phakathi kwabanye) yayibuswa yiBrithani.

Kwaphela iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka kamuva, ngo-1961, isikhathi sokuxhomeka kwekoloni eside eside saqedwa. Manje le nsizwa ibizwa ngokuthi: South Africa.

I-Legend of the Flying Dutchman

Le nganekwane indaba evelele kakhulu futhi edumile yeKapa yeGood Hope. Ukushintsha ngokuhluka kwayo okukhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi amagama abalingiswa abakhulu kulo ahluke, kodwa indaba kunoma yikuphi isimo inencazelo efanayo. Kwakule ndawo lapho induna yemikhumbi yaseDutch iqalekisiwe. Idumela lakhe kwakungelona elihle kakhulu, ukulibeka ngobumnene. Wayengumuntu owonakele futhi ohlambalaza. Igama lalo mphathi kwakuyiVan Stratten. Wayehlale enesibhamu esandleni sakhe nge-plaque yokuhola ekugcineni, uma kwenzeka othile engaphansi kwengalo yakhe. Iminyango yabaningi bamasolwandle yayigcwele unomphela izibazi ezivela ekushayweni kwendle ngalesi sibhamu. Imikhumbi kaVan Stratten yayivame ukuthutha izigqila zase-Afrika ezafa endleleni eya emashumini. Izidumbu, njengombuso, zaphonswa ngaphesheya. Yingakho njengoba imikhumbi ehambisana nalesi sikhulu kwakuyizingwasha, elinde enye "ukunikezwa". Bakwanelisekile futhi banelisekile, bajabule ngokuba khona kwabo ngenduna enesihluku, wababiza ngokuhleka ngokuthi "izinhlanzi zami". Ngolunye uhambo, imikhumbi yaba nesiphepho esikhulu. Ngaso leso sikhathi bavala iCape of Good Hope, izixhumanisi zibonise kahle lokhu, ngoba kwakungenakwenzeka ukubona noma yini esimweni esinjalo esibi sezulu. Bonke abasolwandle banxusa induna ukuba ibuyele emuva, ukuze ilinde isipele sezinto.

Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi uVanes Stratten waqalekisa kabi. Wathi: "Ayikho indlela! Ngizobhukuda! Ngeke ngibuyele phansi, ngisho noma ukuphela kwezwe kufika. Ngizokwenza ngisho nokunikela umphefumulo wami kuDeveli, kodwa ngizosinda kulesi siphepho. " Kwakungaleso sikhathi lapho amasango asezulwini avuleka khona futhi izwi likaMninimandla onke lazwakala: "Wena wathi, manje shaya!". UDeveli wathatha umphefumulo wenduna. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, umkhumbi kaVan Stratten usuka ogwini lwe-cape ngendlela engenamsebenzi nokubhujiswa. Bonke abasolwandle kanye nenduna yemikhuba emibi manje sebezolahlwa ukuphila okuphakade, ukungafi emanzini okuthungatha amanzi, abangakwazi ukuhamba emanzini. Ukuhlangana neminye imikhumbi, abahloli abangabhubhi bazama ukuthumela izincwadi ezihlotsheni zabo eziye zafa. Kuyisibonakaliso esibi kakhulu ukuthatha lezi zincwadi. Uma wenza lokhu, isiqalekiso siya kumsizi onesihe.

Izikhangibavakashi

Enye yezinto ezidume kakhulu yiNational Nature Reserve, ogama lakhe lihambisana negama le-cape. Liyingxenye yeTable Mountain (National Park "Mountain Mountain").

Ikholomu yezinhlobo ezingavamile zama-penguin, okuthiwa ama-leaked or black-legged; I-colony yebheyi i-Baboon Chakma.

Ezingxenyeni zendawo, okuvakashelwa kakhulu yiCape Agulh, ekhonza njengendlela yokwaziswa kwe-tip yaseNingizimu Afrika.

I-South African Astronomical Observatory; I-City-port yaseKapa, lapho ungavakashela khona amanzi aseVictoria no-Alfred, i-Aquarium yamachibi amabili; Insimu yaseBotanic Garden yaseKirstenbosch, eyasungulwa ngo-1913; Indawo ye-Castle of Good Hope, eyona isakhiwo esidala kunazo zonke eNingizimu Afrika; I-South African National Gallery.

Lezi zindawo zidume ngeCape of Good Hope. Ezinye zazo zikhonjiswa ngezansi.

I-Cape yeGood Hope njengendlela yokubonakaliswa kwezifiso zabantu

Igama le-Cape likhuthaza ngempela ithemba. Futhi ngisho nabantu abaye balahlekelwa izinkinga zabo kanye nezinhlekelele ngemuva kokuvakashela le ndawo engavamile, baqale ukukholelwa ekuhambeni okuhle. I-Cape of Good Hope iba inkanyezi eqondisayo kulabo bantu abangakaze babe khona, ngegama labo, bekhanyisa izimpilo zabantwana abagulayo.

I-Cape of Good Hope SD yindawo yabazali abavela emhlabeni wonke abanezingane zabo ezihluphekayo nge-Down syndrome. Bahlangana emzabalazweni wezempilo kanye nokuphila okugcwele kwezingane zabo, banikezana ithemba elihle kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, impendulo yombuzo othi "Ngubani Othole iKapa YeThemba Elihle" igama lomqhubi wasePutukezi uBotolomeo Dias, oqale wangena ezweni lale ndawo emlingo ngempela. Wayenguye nemikhumbi yakhe emithathu okwakuqala okokuqoqa leli cape. Manje izinkolelo eziningi, uhlobo olumangalisa nezikhangayo ziheha izivakashi eziningi eCape of Good Hope.