Namabhomu esandla. Hand kwehlukana amabhomu. Hand amabhomu RGD-5. Hand amabhomu F-1

Isintu njalo ukulwa. Cishe asikho izindaba ezintsha isikhathi eside ukuthula enye indlela. Leyo ngenye indawo iplanethi iba "hot", ngakho-ke ezinye, futhi ngezinye izikhathi eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi kuyo yonke indawo, ihlumela elithathwe iziqu izikhali ahlukahlukene, amabhomu khenqeza, flying Jets kanye namabhomu esandla, ilimale nokufa amasosha wamabutho eziphikisanayo, futhi kanye nezakhamuzi. Zinobuthi kusho kulula futhi ashibhile, ngakho-ke livame ukusetshenziswa. Imishini, izibhamu, carbines futhi ngezibhamu - aphume mncintiswano. Futhi esibulalayo kakhulu - lena wezikhali. Kodwa akukho kancane esiyingozi futhi "ephaketheni amagobolondo" - namabhomu esandla. Uma ichashazi ngamabutho kokuvamile - isiwula, okuthile emanxiweni futhi abasho lutho.

Ezweni lethu eligcwele izinkinga bonke abantu kufanele bazi uma ungangiboni kanjani ukusebenzisa isibhamu, wabe okungenani izici zayo ezithinta, okungenani ukuze nethuba ngandlela-thile ubavikela kwenzeka icala lutho.

A umlando omfushane Garnet

Nokho amabhomu esandla babe isikhathi eside, ekuqaleni kwekhulu nanhlanu,, lapho bebizelwa amabhomu, futhi kudivayisi yabo kwaba kunalokho lasekuqaleni. Umzimba ubumba, eyenziwe 'Gorshkova "ubuchwepheshe evamile, esemgwaqweni izinto eziyingozi - powder noma uketshezi oluvutha kalula. Lonke Ukwakheka sasithola nedivayisi Kuvuselela ngesimo yefilakisi elula begijima endaweni enkulu isitha okuhlushwa. izithelo esihlwabusayo futhi unempilo - emhlophe - liphefumulelwe womqalisi engaziwa phelelisa lolu hlobo izikhali, ukuqala ke njengoba okusanhlamvu, izakhi abatelekile kanye ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi bayiqamba negama. Maphakathi nekhulu lesikhombisa zonke izimpi emhlabeni babe grenadiers division. La mabutho wathatha abafo ukukhetha Imizimba, amade futhi luqinile. Lezi zimfuneko kungukuthi nje isuke ibangelwa yezakhi tebuciko, nakuba lezi mithi ungakhohlwa, nje amabhomu isandla ngesikhathi ayesinda, futhi ayebambelele sokuntshinga. By endleleni, lokhu kwenza inqubo babengafani yesimanje. Ibhomu aphonswe ngokwami kusukela phansi kuze ukunyakaza, kancane like izenzo bowling umdlali.

Ukuvela prototype lamadolobha esimanjemanje

Njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka, ubuchwepheshe uye savela, amabhomu throwers babe iphephe kuwo, kodwa yabangela umonakalo ngaphezulu ukuze isitha. Umfutho ukuthuthukiswa wabo njengoba uhlobo izikhali compact baba Russian-Japanese War, okwaqala ngo-1905. Ekuqaleni, amasosha kahle kuzo zombili izimpi kwaba womqalisi, ngokwakha amadivayisi esibulalayo kusuka edayisa izinsimbi materials (bamboo, amakopi, nokunye.), Bese kuthi-ke umkhakha ukuzivikela ukuze ujoyine kunjalo. Phakathi Battle of Mukden Japanese wokuqala esetshenziswa inhlukano kwehlukana amabhomu ne isibambo sokhuni ayenenjongo ezimbili: Ukuze kube lula ukhonkolo kanye kuqiniswa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi waqala jikelele umsebenzi "ephaketheni wezikhali".

"Pineapple" futhi-prototype yayo

"Limonka" kusungulwe waseBrithani ongazazi izindlela Martin Heyl. Idivayisi kuyinto nebhomu mayelana isimiso kwekhulu kungekho izinguquko. Ukuqamba futhi liqukethe uhlobo olusha izindlu (noma "jacket"), enomqondo ihlukaniswe ngenani njalo izingxenye weJiyomethri 24. Umklamo wamavukelambuso kwaba ikhono lokusebenzisa futhi ukuletha izinhlamvu elitsheni abavamile ibutho ngezibhamu. Grenade Hale baba sibonelo lamadolobha esimanjemanje amabhomu projectile.

Phakathi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi wasebenzisa umqondo ezahlukene. Ukuvikela thrower, ahlole isiphatho sesigodo sasihlobene ngentambo eside, ngokusebenzisa ukufohla okuyiwona emizameni futhi ngacula fuse. Umbhali kwaba Aazen Norwegian, kodwa ukuthi indlela yakhe ayizange wathola ukuqhubeka.

Isifunda esikhulu, esetshenziswa namuhla, kwaba isimiso sibonelo Hale ekuqaleni XX leminyaka. "Shirt" ezimazombezombe isikhunta ihlukene ligcwele alufakwa. Maphakathi kukhona round imbobo, okuyinto iza ngesikhathi screwing up fuse cylindrical. detonation latency Kwenziwa ngumuntu owaziwayo Propellant esivuthayo izinga kwekholomu, lapho kuyadingeka into ezifana isivikelo operation nolwazi. It is ngakho wahlela inhlukano kwehlukana iziqhumane iningi, kungakhathaliseki ezweni lendabuko kanye nophawu.

Special nokulwa

Kanye ngokuthula, empini, ithuluzi ngamunye kunenjongo lalo. Esikhwameni sakho noma ibhande yakho fighter ihlukile namabhomu esandla. Photo of the amasosha aseSoviet futhi isiJalimane, behlomile sihlomile, newsreels, inkulumo-ze amaphosta wasikhipha ukubukeka lezi amadivaysi forties okwabulala abantu, udaba limonoobraznyh, into efana motor pistons.

emashumini Okwalandela ukwengeza ezihlukahlukene ukuze uhla yabo: kwakukhona ukukhanya umsindo, isiginali, noma mathupha intuthu amabhomu, futhi ezazigxishwe isisi esikhalisa unyembezi. Lona "ngenhlonipho" isikhali ze-non-ebulalayo iyithuluzi eyenzelwe ukuthunjwa isitha noma izigebengu, kanye ukunikeza izimo ezikahle enkundleni yempi ngesikhathi ukubaleka noma iqhinga. Izimo zingahluka. Ngokwesibonelo, endabeni sezulu ecacile kudingekile sokuhoxisa iyunithi kusuka endaweni enobungozi ngaphansi umlilo kumelwe "ukugcwalisa inkungu". Ukuqina grey intuthu amabhomu RDG ukunikeza-P. Ngaphansi amabutho akhe indwangu uzokwazi ukwenza ukuhamba isinyenyela (noma ukuhamba) nokwenza ukulwa imisebenzi nge ukulahlekelwa ezincane noma cha.

A flash bright ephelezelwa okwesabekayo, lihle izigcwelegcwele yokuquba, waphelelwa ikhono simelane abameleli Amabutho zokuvikeleka. "Izinyembezi okungalindelekile," njengoba nje zothando ubudala, ezitshekile amehlo abangobhongoza ka nezibhelu ngesikhathi kwakuyokwenza ikhono ukubona kahle, kuzokusiza amaphoyisa ukwenza umsebenzi onzima e lokulondoloza ukuthula komphakathi.

Kodwa imishini ekhethekile - ingxenye encane nje kuphela kuzo zonke amabhomu isandla. Ngokuyisisekelo isikhali ukulwa, futhi senzelwe umonakalo esiphezulu amasosha butho lesitha. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iqhawe ekhubazekile ngenxa emnothweni wezwe-isitha kancane efiselekayo kuka abafileyo. Kumele ziphathwe, ukuphakela lezi zitho, ondle futhi anakekele umkhaya ekhubazekile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, owayephila isandla frag amabhomu abe necala elincane.

Nge isiqhumane ngokumelene ithangi

Antitank kwempi ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka kwenziwa njalo ngcono. Inkinga eyinhloko bekulokhu isidingo ukuya imoto armored ukuthi unikezele kude. I nabasebenza izimoto armored ethuthuka uphikisa imizamo enjalo, usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene abacindezela Manpower wesitha. Ngemuva ukusebenza ukusekela elihamba, nakho neqhaza ekuphumeleleni throwers amacala. Sasebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene - kusuka Molotov Cocktails kumadivayisi ngempela elihlakaniphile kazibuthe FUTHI OBUMBENE. Manual antitank amabhomu has a lot of isisindo. Phakathi Winter War, isiFinnish ekomkhulu kwaba ngisho imemo ekhethekile, owawuthi kukho ukubhubha ethangini nesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani angu-30 (isib, T-28) kufanele okungenani ezine khilogremu TNT, hhayi ezihlanganisa indlu. Of amabhomu benza nemisipha, esindayo futhi iyingozi. Phonsa umthwalo hhayi ziwela ngaphansi umlilo machine gun Yiqiniso - akuwona neze umsebenzi olula. amathuba eziningana ukunciphisa isisindo icala kwenzeka kamuva, ngenxa design okhethekile warhead. Okunqwabelanayo antitank amabhomu uma ishaya kakhulu yezembatho zethu Likhipha ekusakazeni emincane igesi hot metal ezonakalisayo. Nokho, Kwakukhona enye inkinga. Manje leli sosha kwakudingeka ukuba baphonse projectile yakho ukuze hhayi kuphela hit ilitshe, kudingeka unakekele kwaba engela contact. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, ngemva ukubukeka amabhomu rocket ezinezinjini, antitank amabhomu esandla kusukela bashiya cishe wonke amabutho zomhlaba.

Ukuze ukuhlaselwa kanye nomkhakha wezokuvikela

Iya isiqhumane at ithangi - Inkatho zabantu abanesibindi. Enye into - ukulwa ne njengesosha elihamba phansi. Ukulahla amabhomu esandla baba umsebenzi esisemqoka edlulisa Yiqiniso fighter abasha. Ngo-USSR, ke wafundiswa, ngisho besikole at eemfundweni lezempi eziyisisekelo. Kuye isisindo layout (500 noma 700 g), ubude ukuhlolwa umqulu-25 m (kwabesifazane) kanye 35 m (yamadoda). Adult fighter namandla ungathumela kwenkokhiso amamitha amahlanu, ngezinye izikhathi kancane. Lokhu unxusa umbuzo yini okufanele ububanzi (noma engaba) ka ihlakaza izingcezwana kubo akusho ubuhlungu yena thrower? Kodwa kunesinye isici esibalulekile - isidingo ukubaleka izakhi elimazayo. Esikhathini ukuziphatha lwempi ukuzivikela kusukela isosha unethuba ngicashe imisele, elala. Ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa isimo sengqondo oguqukayo akuyona evumayo ngakho ngoba enjalo isikhali ngempumelelo njengoba isandla amabhomu. Ungaqonda kalula ukuthi kulo. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko izikhali eyenzelwe izimo ezahlukene impi, ecasula futhi ukuzivikela. Amabhomu esandla Russia neSoviet Union wakwenza ukuze iziqu.

AbaseSoviet amabhomu okuhlaselayo

Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, amasosha ethu phezu okuvela (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngokuya ukuzivikela) esetshenziswa frag RGN futhi RG-42. Ngaphakathi the gama of amabhomu RGN ngisho waveza injongo yaso eyinhloko (isandla amabhomu lokushaya). RG-42 kwahluka ukuma ikakhulu yejeyomethri (isilinda), futhi khona ngaphakathi izindlu iphuma steel strip nge notch kwakhiwa okuyinto e ukuqhuma inqwaba izinsalela. Fuses amabhomu ezweni lethu ngokwesiko obumbene lula ukusetshenziswa kanye ukukhiqizwa.

RG-42 kwadingeka i jacket side nge semikhawulweni hemispherical futhi has ifaka ekhethekile, ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezincane. Bobabili amasampula bamangala Manpower ngaphakathi endaweni engaba amamitha angama-25. ukuguqulwa eyengeziwe RG-42, okwaholela ekubeni aqhutshelwe yokuncishiswa isakhiwo.

Phakathi nempi, amabhomu enziwa nge fuses ezingase isebenze hhayi kuphela ophethe main ngemva kwenkathi ethile isikhathi, kodwa futhi phakathi umthelela. Lesi sici design kwandisa ingozi ukusetshenziswa ukulwa izindlela, kanjalo ukuqhubeka isimiso detonation ukushaqeka Abaklami Soviet esishiywe dengwane.

RGD-5

Ngo-1954, ukwakhiwa kwezikhali kweSoviet Army isandla amabhomu RGD-5 kwavunyelwana. Kungaba lungachazwa tichasiso efanayo ukuthi cishe yonke amasampula ubuchwepheshe ukuzivikela yasekhaya. Kuyinto elula kakhulu, ethembekile futhi yempucuko. isipiliyoni Combat selukhombisile ukuthi ukudalwa esiningi ngokweqile submunitions kuyinto engenakwenzeka, kwanele nalabo izingcezwana akhiwa ngesikhathi kubhujiswa udonga lwangaphandle, ezenziwe ngensimbi esihle.

Hand amabhomu RGD nedatha yayo Tactical futhi technical eduze esasisandulele RGN, kodwa ivikeleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ayikwazi qhumisa ujuqu. Kulula ukuze, ngaphezu isisindo sayo (0.31 kg) kanye engaba ukundiza zezingxenye ezithile (25-35 m), bese usitshela okuthile okwengeziwe ngalo akukho. Namanje kungenzeka ucacise kuphela isikhathi ukuqhuma ukubambezeleka (mayelana 4 imizuzwana), kodwa kuncike izici esihlanganisiwe Ngishoné.

F-1

F-1 kanye RGD-5 - ezimbili ezivamile Russian namabhomu esandla. yabo ingafani injongo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izici zayo lobuchwepheshe. Hand amabhomu F-1 - ukuzivikela, ngisho mayelana kuyaziwa ukuthi isetshenziswa ukubhubhisa Manpower wesitha. Amabili kula ma-amaphuzu ngesikhathi ebizela othile kabili njengoba isisindo kakhulu. Ngokusho idatha iphasipoti, babutha izingcezwana eziyizinsalela bangandiza kwamamitha angu-200, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi nakanjani ukuthi uzobhubhisa bonke ukuphila ngaphakathi kulo mbuthano. Kill Kungenzeka inhlukanozigaba ibanga kusuka lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona, lo mthetho kusebenza futhi nginikeze amabhomu. Russia, noma kunalokho, amabutho ezweni, ezidinga izinhlobo ezahlukene izikhali ukuvikela izithakazelo zezwe, futhi namuhla kukhona kude izikhali esiphumelela ngokwengeziwe njengesosha elihamba phansi. Nokho, i-izinhlobo osekuyisikhathi eside ziphumelela amabhomu isencane kakhulu ukukhohlwa.

izakhi ezivamile

F1 isandla amabhomu njengenhlangano RGD-5, kudivayisi lihlukile uhlelo ezivamile. Leli bhokisi ugcwele iziqhumane - TNT. IMisa izinhlobo zalo ezimbili ezihlukene. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi esindayo doti chitha ku, kuthatha ngaphezulu TNT. Empeleni lokhu akulona iqiniso, yikhono kubalulekile "amahembe" ukubamba iziqhumane ngaphakathi e ukusabela alufakwa. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nebhomu F1 iqukethe mass ezincane iziqhumane, enomzimba esinzima ngokwengeziwe. amandla omlilo Okuningi ephelele TNT kunikeza ukusheshisa edingekayo imvuthuluka flying. Naphezu namandla high cast iron, asinakulindela ukuthi zonke bazothini iziqhumane, kanye lapho kubhujiswa lesi ihembe yenzelwe notch okuhloswe, okuyinto kunciphisa ikhono kwenkokhiso ezilimazayo. Hand amabhomu RGD-5 ku-cishe esingaphansi kathathu isisindo yonke yakhiwa 110 amagremu TNT. Isici esivamile se-imiklamo ezimbili isetshenziswa UZRGM fuse. Le ncwadi "U" lumelela igama elithi "iyunifomu." Idivayisi ilula yayo, echaza nokwethenjelwa ukusebenza eliphezulu.

Kanjani I fuse

Ukuze actuate lo labadubuli isikhundla garnet F-1 kanye RGD-5 ngokuvamile osetshenziswayo obumbene ethuthukisiwe UZRGM fuse ehlanganisa indlela eshaywayo. Ngaphakathi kuwo kukhona cap ukukhonza ukuze qhumisa icala main. Esikhathini isikhundla ezokuthutha kuvulwa i-fuse, ivalwe ngesivalo plastic igcina amabhomu kusukela ingress ukungcola noma isihlabathi. Mshini yethusa ngempela ilungiselelwe ngendlela ngamapayipi, unikezwe bushings, washers (enza umsebenzi eqondisa), a Umgadli entwasahlobo, inhlamvu isigwedlo kanye Cotter nokuqiniseka. Ngokusho isimiso yayo wokusebenza iyafana ezivamile fuse umnikazi, amandla kancane. Wayebonakala ukuba kokudubula ku iKhabhinethi, powder jet gas ashisayo ngemva pin inaliti labadubuli lihlaba primer. Ukuze anikeze amandla anele kinetic kuyinto ecindezeleke steel entwasahlobo, elikwaziyo qondisani lapho athathwa ukuphepha pin nokukhululwa ngocingo.

Ngemva nokucupha primer tube liqala ukuvuthela ibha powder. Uthatha ezine imizuzwana, bese kufika ithuba lika omunye capsule ngokuthi i detonator. Njengoba nje negama layo lisho, nguye ashaye icala main.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi powder ekhethekile nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu ammonium nitrate esetshenziswa umklamo fuse. Kungaba ashise ngezinga elifanayo (1 / cm s) ukuthi ngesikhathi uya woma ukuthi kwamanzi.

Izibhengezo kanye izicupho

isitha Ekhohlisayo seliyancipha noma beqhuba izenzo ukuzivikela ingasetshenziswa amabhomu esandla ezindaweni yezimayini. Izisulu lezi zindlela kungaba njengokulutheka amasosha butho lesitha nezakhamuzi, ngakho ukuba phambili eduze kwesiteji, kufanele uqaphele ikakhulukazi. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu kwemayini iyona streamer okuthiwa, okuyinto isiqhumane (avame RGD-5) fixed ngosizo ezikhona umuthi, isihlahla noma eminye imininingwane landscape, kanye wire kokuba komunye umkhawulo aboshelwe ukuba isheke-indandatho, nabanye - kunoma enye into engenakususwa. Izimpondo amasheke ngesikhathi esifanayo zenzeka, futhi ibha ukuphepha isebujameni khulula. Lokhu bakudala indlela fighter abanolwazi ukuqaphela ngokushesha.

Izicupho wahlela kancane ehlukile. Grenade (RGD-5 noma F-1) eziqukethwe isikhundla labadubuli (wakhipha ne Cotter) kuhambisana ikhefu kwenziwa enhlabathini. Bracket ngesikhathi yezimayini abanamathela ukuze kungenziwa sicindezelwe ngazo yisiphi isihloko nesithakazelo isitha. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola endaweni esanda matasa, asikwazi wathinta izikhali aphonswe, imishini noma amabhokisi lapho, mhlawumbe, kuyinto ukudla noma imithi. Kungcono tie intambo izinto ezisolisayo, ngawo futhi zibashukumisele endaweni ephephile.

Ithemba ukuthi lapho ocushiwe amabhomu yisikhathi lapho ungakwazi ukuphatha ukubaleka, akudingekile. Kukhona ifaka ezengeziwe screwed esikhundleni retarder ezivamile, uma abangelwe babangela ukuqhuma osheshayo.

ingozi Special esisuka kanye izicupho kukhona izingane nentsha.

Izinganekwane Namaqiniso

Cinema, njengoba sazi, ubuciko sasekhaya, kodwa kusimo salo isici phezu-picturesqueness senzo.

Ngokwesibonelo, abashokobezi amaNazi waphawuleka ashukumisa indlela okuphawuleka, edonsa pin nokukhulula unogada inhlamvu. Leso simo empilweni yangempela akunakwenzeka. Idivayisi kuyinto nebhomu akusho ukusetshenziswa esilayidi. Sekube imizamo yokwenza detonator buthule, kodwa ngenxa ingozi eliphezulu usebenzisa Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe ezinjalo ziye zenqaba kubo. Isandla amabhomu fuse ekuphenduleni isikhathi yenza bang kuhle elikhulu, ngemva kwalokho uqala Countdown the asele ngaphambi ukuqhuma.

Kuyefana nasendleleni umkhuba elihle ezinye izinhlamvu movie ukudonsa namazinyo pin. Lena akuyona nje kunzima, kuyinto engenakwenzeka, ngisho noma i-pre-qondanisa wire. Ihlala ngokuphepha uhlole, ngakho-ke kungenziwa wakhipha kuphela ukwenza imizamo eside.

Kuyacaca futhi isifiso umqondisi ukwenza uhlobo kuqhuma amabhomu eHiroshima. Empeleni kuzwakala Yiqiniso, ngokuzwakalayo, kodwa endle akuyona umsindo ovala izindlebe wokudubula ngakho. Zomusi black womuzi wenyukela ngasezulwini, futhi, ngokuvamile ningagcini, ngaphandle-ke, ekuqhumeni angazange ayishise isitoreji nophethiloli.

Hand amabhomu - a malopredskazuemy divayisi ukusebenza kwawo lokuhlaba. Kwakukhona izimo lapho abantu abasinda, kwaba ngempela eduze ukuqhuma yayo kanye nezinye mayelana nokubulawa kwelungu amashumi amamitha kusuka kuye izwibela ngezikhathi ezithile buyaphela. Omningi incike esimweni ...