Mykolaiv esifundeni. Mykolayiv esifundeni Mykolayiv esifundeni. Mykolaiv esifundeni, Ukraine

Mykolaiv esifundeni Ukraine nge isikhungo emzini Nikolaev njengenhlangano iyunithi zokuphatha uvele ekwindla ka-1937. Kuze kube manje, ke ine indawo endaweni 24 598 sq. km, lapho kukhona izifunda 19, 822 emizaneni, 17 ezisemadolobheni-uhlobo nemizana, emadolobheni amakhulu 9. Mykolayiv endaweni ehlala abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi.

I zamphambilini

Ngasekupheleni Paleolithic - isikhathi lapho zwe yeNyakatho Black Sea amaSkithe amakoloni ngesiGreki, Sarmatians kuqala. Ngo-1415, naseLithuania lapha wasungula inqaba Ochakov.

Kusukela 1526 abaseTurkey yanqoba eningizimu ye-Ukraine, endaweni ephakathi kwemifula Dniester kanye Bug Southern. Le ndlela bayibiza ngokuthi Yedisan wakhe. It likhona kule ndawo yoMbuso WaseTurkey kuze 1774. Ngemva kwempi Russian-Turkish Yedisan indawo ludlulele kwelifa loonyana eRussia, futhi engu-18 kamuva, ngaphansi kwesivumelwano wekubuyisana, Turkey awufuni ukuthola indawo Russian entshonalanga emfuleni Bug Southern.

Nikolaev base ewela Julayi 1788. Njengoba kule nsimu wawelela isikhathi kusuka endaweni eyodwa ku liphethwe ngenye. Lapho abahlaseli isiJalimane, leli zwe kuyingxenye sifundazwe Kherson. Kusukela ngo-1922 Nikolaev izwe libe Odessa esifundeni. 1937 kumaka ukwabiwa ezisemthethweni ezweni zokuphatha iyunithi isimo. Kubonakala Mykolaiv esifundeni. Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II (ngo-1944) ke kwaba fixed igama tekuphatsa ndawo.

endaweni umnotho

Isimo sezulu esipholile Continental, mhlabathi omnyama, ngokuchichima emifuleni neqhaza ekuthuthukeni kwezolimo. Bangaphezu kuka-2 million amahektha umhlaba Mykolayiv kuyinto umhlaba wokulima, kuhlanganise umhlabathi olimekayo hlala endaweni kumahekthare ayizigidi ezingu-1.7.

Khulisa lapha ikakhulukazi izitshalo okusanhlamvu, ushukela isithombo sebhitrudi, ubhekilanga, yemifino kanye ikhabe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lihlanyele izivande, imivini, watshala aklaba izitshalo. Futhi ukuthuthukisa zizalela izinkomo.

Ubuningi imifula, amadamu, imizimba amanzi luyimfuneko ukwakheka komkhakha wokudoba, kanye nokufinyelela kolwandle kunomthelela ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha, shipbuilding. Embusweni zokugcina imelelwa izinhlangano ezintathu shipbuilding ezinkulu: "The Black Sea ngisemsebenzini", "Shipyard okuthiwa. 61 Communards "," Damen Shilyards Ocean ".

Bangaphezu kuka-60 amabhizinisi zezimboni zitholakala emazweni Nikolaev (ubunjiniyela, yokusansimbi non-ayoni, ukudla, ukukhanya umkhakha). Mykolaiv esifundeni linendima ebalulekile kule jikelele emnothweni Ukraine (3.6% yisabelo zesifunda namanye amazwe inzuzo yezwe).

Umcebo semvelo sezifunda zaleli zwe Nicholas

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imingcele kwamiswa 5 Nikolaev esifundeni: kusukela empumalanga - kusuka Dnipropetrovsk futhi Kherson esifundeni, izungezwe ezweni Odessa, futhi eningizimu ubizwa wageza ngasoLwandle Black ukuba Ngasenyakatho Kirovohrad esifundeni, entshonalanga. Nikolaev ifa bamba futhi asemaqeleni zone, kodwa iningi ezweni isendaweni Black Sea Eliphansi.

Map Mykolayiv esifundeni ligcwele 85 emifuleni, eziningi zazo - iphele. Kubhekwe kwekulu Southern Bug, Ingul, Ingulets. Ngenxa milambo namalwandle lapha kwakhiwa 4 bay engajulile (esizalweni somfula): Dnepr-Bug, Tiligulskiy, Bug, Berezan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, 13 000 amahektha endaweni kuhlala Nicholas amachibi, amadamu kanye neminye imigwamanda amanzi.

Insimu unothile nasemahlathini. amahektha Kwengu-70 ehlanganiswa ehlathini wabusa oki, uphayini, Poplar, somunga. Enyakatho nesifunda amumethe inhlabathi evamile omnyama eningizimu egcwele chestnut amnyama onsundu nenhlabathi.

Futhi, le ndawo igcwele e izidubedube: isakhiwo, sawing itshe, egwadle, isihlabathi, kaolin, usimende nobumba-tile impahla eluhlaza.

Izindawo Mykolayiv esifundeni: Arbuzinsky futhi Ascension

idolobha Administrative Mykolayiv esifundeni Nikolaev kuyinto. Area ihlukaniswe ezindaweni 19.

• Arbuzinsky. endaweni yalo iwukuba engaphezu kwenkulungwane amakhilomitha square. Ngenxa yalesi endaweni ageleza emfuleni 3: Southern Bug, Arbuzynka, Mertvovod. Kukhona abadumile landscape epaki nge izinsalela izintaba zaphakade emathafeni emfuleni. Lokhu epaki - "Granite-asemaqeleni emazweni Buh" - iqukethe mayelana izikhumbuzo engamakhulu bemivubukulo yasendulo ezisekhona kuze kube kule nkathi yethu. Sidlula la mazwe agodliwe amapheshana "Trikratsky ihlathi" indawo 247 amahektha, lapho oki Bicentennial sikhule amakoloni bukhoma izindwandwe, kuyinto intandokazi yabo bonke abadobi echibini, watshala ihlathi Maze ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto izindlela, amabhuloho.
• Ascension. It ithatha indawo 1392 sq. km. ikhumbula "Pobuzhzha" park emvelo. Ensimini ka emfuleni ukugeleza 4: Ukulungiswa Southern, Arbuzynka, Mertvovod, ebolile Yelanets. labantu Abaningi yasemakhaya.

Domanevsky, Pervomaisky Novobugsky, Vralievsky

• Domanevsky. Insimu isifunda 1458 amakhilomitha square. Ngokusebenzisa la mazwe Bug 4 emifuleni esilazayo Southern, Chertala, Chichikleya, Bashkan. Ngaphesheya ndawo njengendlela park sihamba Granite-asemaqeleni zone.
• Pervomayskiy. It ithatha indawo 1319 sq. km. Kugeleza endaweni kwemifula emibili: cyanosis kanye Bug Southern. Ngalesi umhlaba esiqhutshwa kwepaki yemvelo "Bug esifundeni." Njengoba iyikhaya labantu abangaphezu kuka-66 eziyinkulungwane. City Pervomaysk Mykolaiv esifundeni usesikhundleni okuholela embonini (isiqoqi sama-softwe, ukudla kanye yobisi-ukuwafaka, ukuthunga, ukukhiqizwa udizili).
• endaweni Novobugsky itholakala endaweni ethile yase-1243 amakhilomitha square. Kugeleza la mazwe kwemifula emibili - Ingul futhi Sofiyivka. Isifunda kuyinto epaki "Pryingulsky Park" indawo 3152,7 amahektha. Esesandleni sakhe kukhona reserve ezimbili ( "ichibi St Sophia sika", "Pelageevsky") futhi iSonto St Michael nunnery.
• Vradievsky. It ithatha 801 sq. km. Flow edabula emifuleni emibili: Kodyma futhi Chichikleya. Sidlula endaweni imoto ulayini international level M-13 (ebuye ibizwe ngokuthi "Poltavka") futhi ujantshi Kotovsk-Pervomaisk.

Mykolaiv esifundeni: Elanetsky, Berezan, Ochakovo izindawo

• Yelanets Raion has 1018 amakhilomitha square. Kugeleza emfuleni Rotten Yelanets. Sidlula endaweni esivikelekile endaweni yemvelo "Elanetskaya asemaqeleni" indawo 1675.7 amahektha, lapho kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, ungakwazi ubhalisele uhambo ukuze ufunde umlando ukuvela esiqiwini, ngijwayele flora zayo nezilwane, vakashela e-zoo.
• Berezan. Le ndawo esifundeni 1378 sq. km. Ngasempumalanga izwe Berezan Estuary. Futhi, endaweni nabo imingcele Tylihul Estuary, esemgwaqweni Tiligulskiy lesifunda landscape epaki, ezaziyophawuleka - e isimo semvelo esiyingqayizivele. Okokuqala, lapha kuyagcinwa zasolwandle namathafa zemvelo, futhi okwesibili, kukhona izimila ezingavamile nezilwane ezihlukahlukene endaweni amanzi, nowesithathu, le esizalweni somfula - umzimba ehlanzeke yamanzi yoLwandle Olumnyama.
• Ochakovo. It ithatha 1,488 sq. km. Ababili the esizalweni somfula (Dnieper-Bug, Berezan) zitholakala lapha kanti ethandwa okutheni yomlando inqolobane "Olvia". City Ochakov yindawo yoLwandle Olumnyama.

Veselinovsky, ahambisanayo namaklabhu, Zhovtneviy, Novoodesskaya

• endaweni Veselinovsky ine indawo 1.245 amakhilomitha square. On the indawo yemifula amabili: Bug Southern futhi Chichikleya. Le ndawo ubuswa labantu kwalesi sigodi. At the site emzaneni Pokrovka yake castle ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi, kodwa kuze kube manje engakaze balondolozwa.
• Anobuhlobo. Le ndawo lokhu isifunda 1129 square metres. km. Ensimini ka kwemifula emibili: Mertvovod futhi Kostovataya. ezikhangayo Special ngaphandle kokuthi kule ndawo azalelwa edumile Yabantu amaSoviet nasemakamu Ukrainian umlingisi, wemidlalo, umqondisi yaseshashalazini Saksagansky Panas Karpovich kanye umsunguli, unjiniyela Electric Benardos Nikolay Nikolaevich.
• Zhovtnevyy. It ithatha indawo 1460 sq. km. Imifula emibili: i-Bug Southern, Ingul. Isifunda inabantu ayizinkulungwane 55 nge predominance yabantu basemakhaya.
• endaweni Novoodesskaya AmananiBUDGET_NAME 1.428 amakhilomitha square. Lapha ugijima Bug River Southern.

Kuzo zonke izindawo ezingenhla, edolobhaneni Mykolayiv esifundeni sebebonke ubuswa yasemadolobheni amakhulu.

Krivoozersky, Nikolaev, Bashtanka, Bereznegovatsky, Kazanovsky, Snigirevskaya izindawo

• Krivoozersky. It ithatha indawo 814 sq. km. Ukuqhutshwa Southern Bug River ne ukuthutheleka Kodyma. ezikhumbuzo Special engokwemvelo endaweni akwaziwa, kodwa iqiniso lokuthi lapha wazalwa edumile waseSoviet uMajor General, iSoviet Union iqhawe, Eremeev Boris Romanovich.
• Nikolaev esifundeni Nikolaev esifundeni ihlanganisa indawo 1430 amakhilomitha square. Wik Bug umfula ugeleza khona. Nikolaev muzi port yoLwandle Olumnyama. Phakathi komuzi zokuphatha Motorway ngamazwe ukubaluleka M-14 futhi ezingeni European E-58 emgwaqeni omkhulu.
• Bashtansky. Le ndawo lokhu wesifunda has 1706 square metres. km. On yayo nemifula indawo ezimbili: Ingul futhi Gromokleya. labantu emzaneni wabusa.
• Bereznegovatsky. It ithatha indawo 1264 sq. km.
• Kazankovskaya. Le ndawo lokhu isifunda 1349 amakhilomitha square. Ensimini ka emfuleni Visun.
• Snigirevskaya. It ithatha 1,395 sq. km. indawo yaso emfuleni Ingulets. Njengoba iyikhaya labantu mayelana 48.000.

iziphetho isifinyezo

Ingcebo yemvelo imisebenzi ekhonjwe Mykolaiv esifundeni: ukudoba, ezolimo, umkhakha, lokuthumela, shipbuilding, kanye nezokuvakasha. Le ndawo ifakwe umgwaqo, ujantshi, ezokuthutha amanzi, kukhona izindiza basekhaya. Lokhu indawo ephawulekayo hhayi kuphela isibalo ezikhangayo yemvelo, kodwa futhi edlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni wase-izwe lonke (isabelo-3.1% - ukuthekelisa, 1.4% - ukungeniswa).

Kuze kube yimanje, kwemiphakathi yasemadolobheni (68%) owandile ndawo. Iningi bangamalungu bezizwe ezinjalo, Ukraine, isiRashiya, Belarusians, Moldavians, baseBulgaria. Futhi esifundeni siphila Armenia, amaJuda, baseKorea, Azeris, amaJalimane, AmaTatar, nabasePoland, amaGypsy. Ulimi olusemthethweni Ukraine futhi Russian.

eyodwa kuphela Mykolaiv esifundeni (Ukraine) ihlanganisa indawo encane 89 izikhumbuzo zemvelo ezivikelwe, ezahlukene landscape, amabhizinisi ezimbonini ezahlukene (51% azo zonke izifunda zezwe) kanye ezikhangayo emlandweni futhi yokwakha (mlando amasayithi lempi, amanxiwa lwesiGreki sakuqala, iminyuziyamu, amasonto, amathuna kwekhulu XVIII ).