"Maye kusukela Wit": umlando ahlekisayo

Umkhiqizo edume kunazo A. S. Griboedova yiyona amahlaya adumile "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando kokudaliweyo le play nzima kakhulu. Wemidlalo wabhala ke iminyaka eminingi. Mayelana lokhu kwenzeka kanjani, kuzoxoxwa ngawo kulesi sihloko.

Nasi ngembhali

Isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukubhala play "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando ahlekisayo zaphumela sibonga isikhathi eside kangaka umyeni livelele umsebenzi A. S. Griboedova. Phela, umsebenzi wokubhala kwakusala kude umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko. Alexander kwaba isibonelo ithatha onamakhono umuntu. Kakade iminyaka eyishumi nanye wayengumuntu umfundi eMoscow University. Eminyakeni 13, Griboyedov kwaba ozobhapathizwa kolimi, kodwa akayikhohliwe ezifundweni zakhe futhi wathola iziqu neminyango emibili ehlonishwayo: zokuziphatha nezombusazwe ngokomzimba-zezibalo. Griboyedov yingcweti ngokuphelele ngezilimi eziyishumi. Wabhala umculo ngikwenzile yena ngokuphelele upiyano. Alexander kwaba usomaqhinga umsebenzi, waba yinxusa wokuqala Russian Iran futhi wafa ukulwela izithakazelo wobaba.

Yokuthi wayengumuntu ongawafuni amaphutha ngokwemvelo, Griboyedov ayalolongwa imisebenzi yakhe yobuciko ukuphelela. restyling ecophelelayo usebhekene futhi "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando sokudalwa ifakazela leli. akhawunti eningiliziwe kubhalwa incwadi uzobe echazwe ngezansi. Okokuqala sibheka okufingqiwe play abadumile.

Imisebenzi ngesakhiwo

Ngokuqinisekile noma yimuphi umuntu Russian uyazi bokuba khona the comedy "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando we imisebenzi ngesakhiwo zaziwa ezimbalwa kakhulu ezakhamizi zethu nabo. Ngakho-ke yini uthi e ahlekisayo yakhe Griboyedov? Insizwa Lokudabuka yizicukuthwane (Chatsky) ngemva kokunyamalala isikhathi eside ifika eMoscow ukuhlangana yakhe ayithandayo - Sofia. Nokho, uthatha ke kubanda kakhulu. Nanguya e uthando nenye indoda - uNobhala Molchalin. Chatsky ezama ukuchaza imbangela nandaba Sofia. Befuna impendulo yombuzo wakhe izikhathi ezimbalwa avakashela khona ekhaya likayise othandekayo - isikhulu esiphezulu Famusov. Lapha, lapho ubhekene abamele eMoscow umphakathi ahlukile, okuningi kwakho okubangelwa ithobela ukubukwa olandelanayo. coldness Ukushabisa Sofia Chatsky iqala athi Monologue accusatory. Lenza ngokoqobo bonke abahlanganyeli comedy. imishwana eziningana wokwedelela siphoselwe Molchalin ukubhekana Sofia olimalayo ngakho ukuthi ukusakaza amahlebezi okuthi Chatsky uyahlanya. Lezi zindaba iba yomphakathi. Ekupheleni the comedy Sofia uyezwa meanness Molchalin futhi Chatsky - ziphikisana lover wakhe. Famusov kuvula lonke iqiniso eliphathelene indodakazi yakhe ukujola nonobhala. Yena iwela ukukhathazeka mayelana amahemuhemu ukuthi angaya emzini. Sofia ugijima Molchalin. Chatsky yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba kokushiya eMoscow. Lena esiqintini play abadumile.

design

Umlando kokudaliweyo "Maye kusukela Wit" sihlehlela emuva 1816. Yingaleso sikhathi, ngokuvumelana S. N. Begicheva, Griboyedov lisungule uhlelo olunzima the comedy. Ebuya ohambweni phesheya, u-Alexander waya ephathini wokuziphilisa futhi wamangala lapho ebona indlela umnsalo bonke angaphandle eRussia. Akapholisanga maseko wanikeza Diatribe somlilo kuka incurred izinsolo ukungaphili engqondweni. Ukuze ngiphindisele eduze umphakathi ahlukile, nganquma ukumbhalela comedy Griboyedov. Wayengumuntu ngokuvamile emibuthanweni yokuzijabulisa, amabhola kanye soirees, lapho eqoqwe impahla kulo msebenzi wakhe.

Uhlelo lokuqala

Umsebenzi ahlekisayo umbhalo cishe lwaluqala 1820s. Ngesikhathi ngikhonza Tiflis, Griboyedov wabhala izingcezu ezimbili isinyathelo "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando ukudalwa umsebenzi uye waqhubeka ngo-1823, e-Moscow. Umbhali eseholidini, ukuya izenzakalo zenhlalo futhi athole okuvelayo fresh. Lokhu kwamenza wakwazi ukuthuthukisa ezinye izigcawu abamahlaya, okumenza evezwe Georgia. Kwakuthinta ngalesi sikhathi sadalwa Monologue somlilo Chatsky "Abantu abanjani abahluleli?". Ehlobo lika-1823 ku-ifa S. Begichev yayiqediwe wesine nawesithathu izenzo umkhiqizo. Nokho, umlobi Akazange ababheke njengezinto ahlekisayo yakhe ephelele.

Ukuqhubeka

Ekupheleni 1823 ekuqaleni 1824 usebhekene ushintsho olukhulu play "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando ukudalwa umsebenzi waqhubeka. Griboyedov kushintsheke, hhayi kuphela umbhalo. Futhi ushintshe igama umlingiswa oyinhloko: osuka ku-Chad, waba Chatsky. A amahlaya, okuthiwa "Maye ingqondo", wathola sokugcina igama layo. Ehlobo lika-1824 Petersburg, Griboyedov uye eyenziwa i umxhwele restyling inguqulo yokuqala umsebenzi. Ingxenye yemali ushintshe Isenzo sokuqala (Chatsky Monologue, inkhulumiswano Lisa Sofia iphupho protagonist), bese zifakwa engxenyeni yokugcina yesehlakalo comedy phakathi Molchalin izincazelo Sofia. version yokugcina play "Maye kusukela Wit" kwalotshwa ekwindla ka-1824. Umlando ukudalwa umsebenzi kule kwadingeka ukuba ukuphela. Nokho, lokhu akuzange kwenzeke.

Ukubukeka uhlu

Esikhathini amahlaya ngokushesha babenezinkinga ukushicilelwa. Imingcele wayengafuni ukuphuthelwa umsebenzi ihlazo. Umlando kokudaliweyo "Maye kusukela Wit", kodwa kunalokho basakaze phakathi umphakathi ukufunda, baqhubeka. Enethemba ukushicilela okudaliwe zabo, Griboyedov wakhuthaza ukuvela version ngesandla. I onegunya kunabo wabo okubizwa ngokuthi uhlu zhandrovsky (okungewakho A. Legendre), owawuvela Fixed esandleni Alexander Sergeyevich. Kwakukhona futhi bulgarinsky - ngenkuthalo ukuze alungise ikhophi yemibhalo yesandla ye-play, washiya umbhali e 1828 VF Bulgarin. Ikhasi isihloko uhlu okucashunwe Griboyedov sika "Maye Bulgarin yami ibayala ..." Umlobi Kwethenjwa ukuthi intatheli ezinethonya engumthengisi uzokwazi ukusiza ukushicilelwa "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando ahlekisayo waqhubeka Pisarsky amakhophi umsebenzi. Ngezinye izikhathi bayaba washintsha kuncike okuthandwa ngumphakathi.

emphakathini kokuqala

Ehlobo lika-1924 Griboyedov wazama ukuphrinta ahlekisayo yakhe. Nokho, kwakungelula ukuthola imvume yokunyathelisa "Maye from Wit". Umlando kokudaliweyo play waqhubeka emahhovisi oMnyango wezokuThutha ukucwaninga. Ngo-December 1924, izingcaphuno izingxenye lwesithathu futhi lokuqala ahlekisayo ebezingakabonwa ukukhanya. Bona ayenyatheliswa emakhasini Anthology "Russian Talia." Nokho, umbhalo iye kakhulu ziyancipha futhi "sashintsha" by ngomshini kumhloli wezincwadi. Too izitatimende ngokugqamile zinhlamvu indawo inkulumo ethi "ingozi" futhi hlangothi. Ngakho, inkulumo ethi owaziwa, "Kumelwe wadinga usizo lwabanye" alungisa ukuze "Kumelwe ukuba abanye engqondweni." Bakhandwa ayifakiwe izinkomba umbhalo imisebenzi "uhulumeni" futhi "ubuso le nkosi sika." Nokho, ngisho kuleli fomu abamahlaya ukushicilelwa sigemegeme. Pushkin wakhumbula ukuthi play "Maye kusukela Wit" Griboyedov ngokushesha wenza omunye izimbongi ehamba phambili ngesikhathi sakhe.

I okunye isiphetho umkhiqizo

Phakathi nokuphila yomlobi futhi hhayi okufushane umnyuziki play yanyatheliswa. Umlando kokudaliweyo "Maye kusukela Wit" iphelile, kodwa ukucwaninga uvinjelwe ukusabalala comedy phakathi abafundi. Kuphela ngo-1831 kwakhululwa okufushane umnyuziki komkhiqizo. It yanyatheliswa ngo-German emzini Revel. Ngo-1833 eMoscow, eziningi ukucwaninga izikweletu ahlekisayo yanyatheliswa ngesiRashiya. Kuphela ngo-1862, inguqulo egcwele imisebenzi kombhali yanyatheliswa eRussia. Scientific ukushicilelwa ahlekisayo eyenziwa umcwaningi owaziwa Piksanov NK ngo-1913. "Maye kusukela Wit" esanyatheliswa ivolumu ye zezemfundo umnyuziki eqoqwe yesibili usebenza Aleksandra Sergeevicha Griboedova.

ukusebenza ezigcawugcawu

Ithatha kwakwakhiwa futhi baqonde izinto ezenzekayo baphendula play "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando ukudalwa umsebenzi kunzima, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi ezithakazelisayo kuyinto isiphetho ukunandisa kwakhe ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Kwaphela isikhathi eside le ukucwaninga akazange miss it. Ngo-1825, komzamo ukwenza play Petersburg, isiphi isigaba sayo yonke Theatre School iye luyaphumelela. Umdlalo "Maye kusukela Wit" waba kwango Erivan e 1827. abadlali wayo amateur kwenziwa - Izinduna zabantwana Caucasian Corps. A. S. griboedov wayekhona lapho ukusebenza. Ngo-1831, izibuyekezo eziningi ukucwaninga izikweletu ahlekisayo kukhala esiteji eMoscow Petersburg. Kuphela 1860 ukukhiqizwa "Maye kusukela Wit" Kwakuseshwa ngaphandle kwemingcele.

isiphetho

indaba eside kakhulu mayelana play "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando sokudalwa, sifinyeto umkhiqizo abakwazi ukunikeza isithombe esiphelele wayeyisazi elale ndalo. Griboyedov idale ngaphezu play ezigcawugcawu. He qamba wezinhloso Okuyınqo, lapho wazwakalisa sengqondo sakhe hhayi kuphela izindaba zomphakathi, eziphathelene nokuziphatha emphakathini wanamuhla, kodwa futhi mayelana ubuwula izindaba ukukhalipha, "esejwayelekile" nobuhlanya. Ubani, uma kungekhona Aleksandru Sergeevichu, ukwazi ukuthi kungakanani usizi kungaletha bokuphakama engqondo phezu kwabanye abantu. Wabhala comedy iyalandisa we kokuba nesizungu nokuphelelwa ithemba sendoda aphakeme, kokuziklinya kusukela ngokungaqondi yabanye. Ngalo mqondo, iqukethe subtext edabukisayo "Maye kusukela Wit". Umlando zendalo futhi emsebenzini lo mkhiqizo olukhethekile ukuze abe nesifundo unake ngokucophelela.