Luidzhi Bokkerini: Biography nemisebenzi

Namuhla sizokubonisa ngubani Luidzhi Bokkerini. Umlando kanye nezici zokudala izindlela zaKhe Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi. Lo muntu ungakwazi ngempela kubhekwe umqambi omkhulu futhi cellist virtuoso Italy XVIII leminyaka. Nguye wathatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni uhlobo zomculo njengoba quartet string.

Boccherini sasimelele umculo saseVienna Classicism futhi Rococo. Ingase futhi kwenziwe isibaluli abafundi uHaydn sika. Izitayela yalezi bomculo kancane bukaJehova kubonakala emisebenzini yakhe. Ngesikhathi Luigi ngisho babenza, ebhekisela umkakhe uHaydn, njengoba eduze okuxhunywana ngemisebenzi umdali Austria. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe babamba iqhaza elikhulu ukuze empucukweni yomhlaba. Kusukela ngepeni bakhe beza 30 umculo wezinsimbi, ezingaphezu kuka-90 string quartets (uHaydn kungokwalabo 83), 2 opera 137 Quintet ngoba intambo bese upiyano ambalwa, kanye nenamba enkulu Trios futhi Sonatas.

"Musical" umsuka Boccherini

iqhawe lethu wazalwa ebusika 1743. Native ukuba kwaba emzini Lucca (Italy). Umqambi babevela zomculo. Uyise Leopold wayaziwa bass umdlali, yinkakha izikebhe wakhe. Ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe wayesebenza emculweni wasekhaya. Ngisho kusukela zisencane ubaba wafundisa Luidzhi Bokkerini cello, bass double esengumfanyana akaphenduli ngosayizi. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, umfana wathunyelwa ngaphansi kokunakekela wesigodlo Domenico Bannuchchi, owayeneminyaka inhloko sokuzivocavoca zendawo cellist oncomekayo kanyekanye. Ngakho, iminyaka engu-12, lo mfanyana baba isenzo solo zesifundazwe sakhe, futhi kamuva owaya ukusebenza ngeqembu labadlali bezinsimbi zomculo edolobheni.

Abafowethu nodade babenothando futhi zokudala. Ababili kodadewabo babe abadansi professional, umdanso wahlanganyela nomfowabo Giovanni. By the way, ebhala izincwadi eziningana izinkondlo Libretto ngoba Salieri, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana futhi Haydn.

ukuqashelwa

Lodumo Luigi uRodolfo Boccherini cishe ngokushesha. Ukuze uqhubeke imfundo yakhe, waya eRoma. Kube wayiswa ngaphansi umholi Iphiko umnyango umculo Basilica St kaPetru. Ukuze sandise ulwazi lwabo umculi osemusha wayevamile ku amakhonsathi Tartini, Giardini, Pugnani. Lokhu kwaba nomthelela ukushintsha kwendlela yokuloba umdlalo wakhe bese yengezwa ukuphila kwakhe uhlobo nakho.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva Boccherini wabuyela ekhaya. Ngemva komunye ukusebenza bakhe noyise baba wabizwa ukuba azosebenza emculweni we Vienna Imperial Theatre. Kukulo muzi lapho wakwazi ngijwayele imisebenzi Yozefa Gaydna. E Vienna, kwakukhona DEBUT yakhe njengoba umqambi, okuyinto kwalandelwa eziningana amakhonsathi yakhe.

isitayela Ukusebenza

Ehlobo lika-1764 Luidzhi Bokkerini Ngaqala ukusebenza, futhi esontweni we Lucca republic. Ngo parallel, wayedlala ababedlala izinsimbi, eyayiholwa Giovanni Sammartini. Phakathi nale nkathi lapho usebenzela abacula bakhe isitayela. Khona-ke lo mculi bahlangana violin abasha Filippo Manfredi, owaba umngane wakhe omkhulu, umfundi kanye naye. Ukwethula amakghonwabo ayengakwenza Manfredi kwenye amakhonsathi yeningi eyayihlelwe Boccherini.

Quartet umsebenzi iqhawe lethu ku 60s ihlobene eduze umsebenzi virtuoso abaculi: Nardini, Cambini futhi Manfredi akubo.

Umhlaba Slava Bokkerini

Ngo-1766, kwashona ubaba wakhe Luidzhi Bokkerini. Ngemva kwalokho, umqambi engafuni ukuhlala esifundazweni lwakubo. Emva ukuhlangana zonke ozakwabo zakhe, uyahamba amakhonsathi e Northern Italy. Iphuzu sekupheleni ngabo kwaba Paris. Ukukhululwa yokuqala waphawula salon ka Baron von Bagh, okwakuyigama omunye okungcono enhlokodolobha. Ukulandela lesi sethulo ukhuluma ngani abaculi wonke Paris. Lapha, iqoqo lokuqala imisebenzi by Boccherini futhi Manfredi yanyatheliswa.

abaculi Talented abangu ngokushesha waqaphela. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ngemva kwabo efika inxusa Italian eMadrid isimemo enkantolo Charles III. Infante Luis, umfowabo inkosi, wahlabeka umxhwele kakhulu lapho ithalenta umqambi, okwakuthatha kuye ukusebenza enkantolo cellist. Phakathi nokuhlala kwakhe khona Emakamelweni angaphakathi amakhosi abo Luigi wabhala 6 umculo wezinsimbi, engaphezu kwengu-20 quintets sonata nama-quartet (kuhlanganise edumile 6 string). Iningi lazo besishumayela Admirer lwakhe olukhulu Louis.

Nakuba cellist abahlala Madrid, washada. owesifazane othandwa ngaye yayiwukuba Clementine Pelicho. Wawunezingane 5, okuyinto Wayenendodana Athabathe kuwo libe linye lapho 1785 Umkakhe wafa esikhathini esingengakanani. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinsukwini zokugcina zokuphila futhi abavikela yayo Infante. Umculi kwakunzima ukuze siphile, futhi ngisho nezingane. Wanquma ukuya emsebenzini esigodlweni noFrederick II. Inkosi yamthanda umculo we-classic kanye nokwesekwa lokusungula Boccherini. Umqambi ubhala izingoma yegceke Prussian.

Luigi obekucatshangwa kuze ukushada 1787. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile waphinde walahlekelwa lesibili kanye darling namadodakazi akhe amathathu. Umqambi omkhulu Kwase kusele kancane ubumpofu. engenayo Ukudala cishe akazange ulethe, kodwa umsebenzi ngokomzimba akazange impilo ngokwanele, lokhu ngaleso sikhathi futhi Yafa olwembiza. Ngo-1805, iqhawe lethu bafa ngenxa yalesi sifo ebeselimhluphe iminyaka embalwa bakhe bokugcina bokuphila.

Ifa umqambi

Luidzhi Bokkerini wahlala '62. Ngalesi sikhathi wakwazi ukwakha imisebenzi engaphezu kuka-450 zomculo. Futhi lokho kumane nje nalawo aziwayo. iqoqo Its kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene izinhlobo: umculo wezinsimbi, Trios, quartets, quintets, oratorios, uquqaba futhi cantatas. Wayesebenza kahle idumela phakathi bomculo ngesikhathi sakhe futhi bathonya kumiswa abaculi abaningi ngemva kwakhe.