Myxedema: izimbangela kanye nezimpawu, ukwelashwa. Inkinga yegilo

Indlala yegilo indlala - uhlaka ebalulekile endocrine. umsebenzi wayo lomkhulu ukuthuthukisa hormone athile (triiodothyronine-thyroxine), okuyinto ukulawula umzimba zomzimba womuntu futhi kuthinta wonke izinhlelo zomzimba. Kulesi sihloko, sicabanga isifo njengoba myxedema. Izimbangela zesifo uzophinde lingachazwa.

Kuyini myxedema?

Inkinga yegilo kubangele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-syndromes ezimbili. Ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone kungase kwandise - a syndrome ka-hyperthyroidism. Nokho, okubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni hormone egilo engeziwe, ibizwa ngokuthi i-hypothyroidism.

Myxedema - kwedlulela ka -hypothyroidism. Lokhu isimo libhekene ukuvuvukala izicubu lwamafinyila. Ngenxa yokushoda hormone ndlala ezicutshini buthelela polysaccharide izinsalela ukuthi ukuheha amanzi. Kwangezikhathi nayo inenqwaba amanzi, futhi ithuthukisa mucosal edema.

Iyini imbangela myxedema?

Myxedema zingaphinde zivele noma ubudala. Abesifazane abaphethwe yilesi sifo kakhulu ukudlula amadoda, okuvela kuyo myxedema bona uvame ukuhamba nambili kuya kwabadala. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuba hypothyroidism kwezinhliziyo zezinsana nezezingane ezincane. Ngenxa okwehlisa lokugayeka kokudla iphazamisekile nokuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba of psyche wengane. Uma i-hypothyroidism kuyinto isegazini (nge aplasia noma hypoplasia we wendlala) futhi hhayi ziphathwe, kukhona cretinism - indlela eyisipesheli retardation kwengqondo izingane.

Ngo omdala myxedema imbangela yokulimala yegilo indlala - hypothyroidism ibizwa ngokuthi primary. Nokho, umsebenzi izilawuli pituitary indlala ngu TSH - yegilo-inkanuko hormone. Ngakho-ke, uma umsebenzi kuyaphazamiseka pituitary (isimila igazi disorder, ukuhlukumezeka, izifo azalwa naso) kwenzeka hypothyroidism yesibili. i-hypothyroidism kakhulu ezingavamile ephakeme kubangelwa ukwephulwa umsebenzi ngxenye.

Lapho lesi sifo "myxedema" izimbangela zesifo kuhlobene.

Ngakho, kwezimbangela eziyinhloko myxedema ezilandelayo:

• izinqubo atrophic kule ndlala;
• ukuvuvukala endlaleni engasesinyeni (thyroiditis);
• ukuvuvukala;
• ukuhlukumezeka;
• ukususwa kwezicubu wendlala (ukuhlinzwa for ekwelapheni i-hyperthyroidism);
• njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye;
• ukwelashwa kwe-iodine radionuclides;
• ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kusuka ukudla;
• ngokuphuza imithi ethile (amiodarone, corticosteroids, tireostatiki);
• izifo ezithathelwanayo (ikakhulukazi abesifazane abakhulelwe);
• ubuchopho ukubheduka isifo nabanye.

Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa myxedema. Izimbangela zesifo zibalulekile lapho ekhetha indlela yokwelashwa.

Ziyini izimpawu ephelezelwa myxedema?

Njengoba yegilo hormone kuthinta wonke izinhlelo yomzimba, futhi izenzo myxedema zahlukahlukene.

Ngo ukuntula okunzima yegilo-hormone umuntu ethola khona ukubukeka - ". Myxedema ubuso" wawubumba Ubuso edema, ukuvuvukala is kakhulu abusisa ngaso amajwabu amehlo, izindebe. Isikhumba eliphaphathekile, has a-jaundice, abandayo touch, ikhasi off, kukhona ukulahleka amashiya, eyelashes futhi ikhanda lakhe nezinwele zakhe. Iphazamiseke imisipha yobuso - nobuso ongasanyakazi, kuba ukubukeka ngabandayo.

isimiso sezinzwa sivezwe kula ushintsho engqondweni. Ukunyakaza babe uncoordinated, ungenamdlandla. Kukhona ukucindezeleka. Imininingwane Kubi ibonwa kusukela ngaphandle, ukusabela nje lubonakale kuze izenzakalo noma ungabi nandaba. ukozela Make, inkumbulo encishisiwe nokunakwa. Egwinya inkulumo futhi braked.

iyehla iyenyuka Make wegazi, ngokuvamile phansi. Aphazamise imisipha yenhliziyo, kunciphisa izinga inhliziyo - kwakhiwa "myxedema inhliziyo." uhlelo amangala futhi wokugaya ukudla - kukhona ukuqunjelwa okungamahlalakhona, ukuphazamiseka motor umsebenzi pheshana biliary.

edema Mucosal eba.

Linganciphisa umthamo wamandla zokuphefumula kwamaphaphu, okuholela nezikhathi kokuba elele singathatha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emhlabeni emaphashini kaningi aqoqana uketshezi ukuthi futhi kuphazamisa ukuphefumula. Lesi senzakalo ngokuthi "myxedema poliserozita".

Naphezu ukwehla esesuthi, le myxedema nesineke ukhuluphele, ephakeme igazi cholesterol kunqunywa. Kwehliswe ukuzwa, kukhona hoarseness, kahle acinene ukuphefumula. Ngokuvamile baba nesifo sokuntuleka kwegazi ngenxa yensimbi ukuntula noma i-folic acid. Khona-ke udinga endocrinology ezinhle.

Abesifazane bavame iphazamiseke umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ziyancipha okuzala futhi libido. Wenzeka samathambo, ithambo izicubu Akukho lutho olusele-calcium, kulula ngakho ukwakha waphuka. Ezinganeni emuva ku ukukhula nokuthuthuka kuqhathaniswa nontanga bayo.

Hlobo luni ucwaningo Kwenziwa olunye?

A endocrinology ezinhle kakade ukubukeka isiguli lingasho myxedema uphethwe. Nokho, ukucacisa izimbangela zesifo, kanye nencazelo amacebo yokwelashwa kuyadingeka ukuba aqhube inani lezifundo. Ukuxilongwa myxedema ngokuvamile akunzima.

Gqwa izindlela main nasizayo zokuxilonga. izindlela Basic kungathola myxedema, nezindlela umsizi zisetshenziselwa ukucinga izimbangela futhi acacise uhlobo lesi sifo.

Ukuze ucwaningo lungatholakala kuleli kheli elilandelayo: Moscow, emgwaqweni Dmitry Ulyanov, 11. Isikhungo Endocrinology wenza le nqubo elandelayo zokuxilonga:

1. Basic:

• ukuxilongwa emitholampilo udokotela, i-endocrinology;
• ukuhlolwa igazi for TSH kanye thyroxine khulula.

2. Izinsiza:

• Thyroid ultrasound;
• scintigraphy nge radioisotopes;
• yegilo izicubu biopsy;
• ukuthola omzimba athile yegilo amaseli.

Ukutjengisa le ngayinye ucwaningo?

Kungenwa endocrinology engabizi.

Udokotela ehlola, palpates alalele kwezitho zangaphakathi (inhliziyo, amaphaphu). izimpawu zesifo ezichazwe ngenhla ingasiza kakhulu udokotela search zokuxilonga.

Uhlaziyo wembula ukwehla kwamazinga igazi thyroxine mahhala, kodwa iningi kakhulu anda ukuthola TSH. Ukunikeza i-hypothyroidism subclinical, okungasekelwe ephelezelwa nezimpawu itholwa kaningi ngengozi. Lenyuka ezingeni TSH ungowokuqala "alamu insimbi" maqondana nokuthuthukiswa hypothyroidism futhi myxedema ngokukhethekile.

ultrasound

Thyroid ultrasound ivumela ngeso kumiswa ezahlukene wendlala izicubu (isizinda, isimila calcification). Le ndlela ubhekwa kulula ukuba kusebenze futhi ayibizi kakhulu uma ulwazi ngokwanele. Uma kutholakala myxedema, ukwelashwa kufanele kube ngokushesha.

scintigraphy

Ingqikithi yalo scintigraphy radionuclide ukwethulwa isotopes enemisebe iodine ngemithambo yegazi kanye nokuhlola ekuqongeleleni yayo nezicubu yegilo, ikakhulukazi nokusakazwa kwayo futhi imvume yayo. Uma ultrasound udokotela bakwazi ukuhlola kuphela isakhiwo indlala, kulinganiselwa umsebenzi walo scintigraphy. Uma kukhona isifo "myxedema", bese umuntu ngokuvamile eziphawuleka ekuqongeleleni encishisiwe iodine amalungiselelo endawo noma ehlasela umzimba. izici ephakeme usebenzisa le ndlela kulinganiselwa ukwelashwa wamanje izifo ezihlukahlukene umdlavuza.

biopsy

A biopsy we indlala yegilo kuhilela izibonelo zalokho endwangwini nge izinaliti esikhethekile biopsy. Ngenxa yalokho, is phansi izifundo ezincane futhi histochemical. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuhlonza izifo ezihlukahlukene emangqamuzaneni futhi aqaphele inqubo lwesimila.

Ukunqunywa amasosha omzimba ngokumelene izicubu yegilo ozuza ukubaluleka kwayo uma kungekho sobala isizathu myxedema. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi evamile yegilo indlala akakubangeli kumiswa amaprotheni zokuzivikela, ngenxa yongqimba elilinganiselwe ezicutshini. Kodwa kwezinye izifo capsule kuba izacile, wamabele izicubu nabo ukubulawa amasosha omzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, i-omzimba ezivezwa wendlala emangqamuzaneni okuthiwa zivimbela umsebenzi walo, ngaphandle kokushintsha isakhiwo.

Kuyini ekwelapheni myxedema?

Ukuthola i-endocrinology ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa Kuphoqelekile.

Ukwelashwa myxedema ayinzima futhi i-hormone replacement therapy izinjongo. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi ukubuyisela umsebenzi indlala ngokwawo kaningi hhayi-ke, kungenzeka ekuphathweni izidakamizwa Kuphoqelekile nokuphila. Intuthuko isimo kwenzeka ngemva kwamasonto 2-3 kwesicelo izindlela ezikhethekile.

Yokuqeda wasebenzisa izidakamizwa L-thyroxine ( "Levothyroxine", "Eutiroks") futhi analogs yalo. Le mithi kukhona esikhundleni zokwenziwa for zemvelo yegilo hormone. Ulapha udokotela akhethiwe ngamunye esimweni ngasinye.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukweqisa izidakamizwa zomuthi kungaholela okuphambene myxedema - i-hyperthyroidism, kanye nokuntuleka umthamo kuyodingeka nhlobo. Ukwemukelwa nezinye izidakamizwa Ungase futhi konakalise ukumuncwa, noma ukusheshisa umzimba L-thyroxine, ngakho kufanele ubuze abanye ochwepheshe on ekwelapheni inhlanganisela.

Ngingalutholaphi olunye usizo?

Lesi sifo kungenziwa esolwa udokotela ngesikhathi behlolwa. Nokho, ekwelapheni myxedema ithwala endocrinology ezibhedlela ezikhethekile. Kungaba umnyango ezisemadolobheni noma endocrinological we ezibhedlela zezifunda. Ukuze afeze izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuhlola iziguli ngokuvamile iqondiswe izikhungo ucwaningo nentuthuko emadolobheni amakhulu. Enye yalezi izinto iyona "Endocrinology Research Center" (eMoscow, ul. Dmitry Ulyanov, 11). Ihlangano yokuNgeza Endocrinology lokuthi kukhona ukusiza ekwelapheni myxedema nezinye izifo wezazi abanekhono, ukuba bafeze izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuxilonga nokwelapha ezaziwayo.

Kwenzekani kumuntu onalesi sifo?

Ngokuvamile, myxedema (izimbangela kanye nezimpawu ezichazwe) - isimo ngempela correctable. Imithi aqede ngokuphelele izimpawu ngenhla echazwe. Nokho, ukwehluleka ukubhekana kudokotela, futhi ukwehluleka ukulandela izinkomba kungaphumela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele.