Apple isihlahla lwenkanyezi: incazelo, izithombe, izibuyekezo esihlahleni

Golden Autumn kakhulu okushintsha izingadi befa, yokudweba kanye aluhlaza amahlamvu oluhlaza zemithi yezithelo ngokunyenyeza elikhanyayo orange futhi ephuzi. Kulesi Iphalethi ekwindla imiqhele thinning izinkanyezi bright avele ezinhlangothini apula obomvu klebhu. Lona izithelo okuthiwa izinhlobo ebusika, abatshali yasekhaya ozithandayo ukuze kube lula yesondlo, ukunambitheka omuhle nokuphepha ezinhle. Omunye walena uwukuba izinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile of apula esihlahleni lwenkanyezi, iziphi izithombe ukufanekisa encwadi yethu. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu isiko ezihlekisayo okwesikhathi eside isikhathi ozithandayo balimi Russian.

Umlando yokuzalanisa

Umkhiqizo Michurinsky Research Institute Genetics Ukukhethwa izitshalo izithelo zalolu hlobo of apula. Ibanga lwenkanyezi itholiwe ngu umfuyi SF Chernenko kwaba umphumela iminyaka yakhe eminingi yocwaningo. Amazing by ngokumitha kwemihlambi ngaphakamisa nge Anisa Pepinkoy Lithuanian, lokhu ezihlukahlukene wathola esihambelanayo "umzali" we izinga oluboniswa lezimpahla izici izithelo ezinhle, kodwa ongaphakeme frost ukumelana. Ngakho-ke, uhlobo zoned ezifundeni nge sezulu esipholile nobusika obungabandi: Central, iVolga-Vyatka, iVolga nabanye babhekana Asterisk futhi ezindaweni eningizimu, insimu enyakatho yalesi isiko ayifanele njengoba ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa izinga bokhuni isivuno uzinze ngeke sivumele nokhahlo ebusika. izimo.

Apple isihlahla lwenkanyezi: incazelo, izithombe, izibuyekezo

Kusukela apula esihlahleni okuthiwa ngoba izici of isakhiwo umbungu kusukela Isiqu, okuyinto kubangelwa ribbing ukukhanya, kodwa libhekisela eyingqabavu, izihlahla zezithelo. izitshalo asemasha ekuzakheleni umqhele omuhle oyindilinga, osekelwa amagatsha lwamathambo eqinile, eneminyaka engu-amakhophi umqhele ngaphezulu esakaza futhi amagatsha adventitious droop babashayeli kubonakale main. Izinguquko ezinjalo, ngakho ukubukeka namasiko zivela ezithela okwandisa unyaka nonyaka, okuyinto idume ezihlukahlukene.

isihlahla eshiya oluhlaza zomile, elincane, okusaqanda nge stipules mncane futhi onqenqemeni kancane serrated. Amahlumela nyaka kakhulu pubescent, eside futhi mncane, ababethi amathoni ensundu ubumba. Abalimi kukhule izitshalo, ugcizelela hhayi kuphela nazithelo enviable, kodwa futhi umphumela omuhle zokuhlobisa. Uyabukeka emehlweni, apula ezinjalo. Ibanga Asterisk, isithombe okuzokwenza tshela umfundi ukuthi isiko ukwazi, angabizwa ngokuthi ethandwa.

isithelo

Apple isihlahla lwenkanyezi, okuyinto amamaki incazelo enikezwa esihlokweni, inika ezincane (kusuka 80-90 kuya 150-170 g.), Oyindilinga, nge ribbing kancane obonakalayo, izithelo kamnandi. Ngesikhathi yokuvuthwa apula othi awube, embozwe othi awube obucayi, ukuthola ukushuba umbala onsomi ngesikhathi ukhule ngokugcwele. Hlelemba bonke ubuso isithelo ngesandla esivulekile embozwe zokuzivikela wax enamathela. Wonderful apula uginindela: okuncane, namanzi, okumuncu-amnandi ukunambitheka emnandi oluhlaza okhanyayo. Kwezinye umbala izithelo inyama kuhluka shades of eluhlaza maphakathi ukuba isikhumba Pinkish.

grade isithunzi

Apple isihlahla lwenkanyezi (abashayeli bamaloli Izibuyekezo ukucindezeleka) - nesiko yokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni, okuyinto eza eduze ebusika. Kodwa sokuvuna oqala ngo-September, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ukufika kwalesi kubanda. Ngaphambi ukusetshenziswa, emahhabhula yokuvuthwa ku 3-4 amasonto. Izinzuzo esemqoka izinhlobo:

• yaminyaka yonke ezithela eliphezulu;
• ukunambitheka omuhle apula dessert;
• isitoreji yesikhathi eside. Esimeni semakhaya engaphansi noma Loft-Igumbi apula ozinikele egcinwe ngempumelelo ngoMashi;
• ukumelana izitshalo ezinhlobo bendabuko izifo, isibonelo, uqweqwe;
• kubekezelelwe kahle izihlahla.

Asterisk - apula, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle kuyohlale kuntula uma ngingenaye babone izinzuzo nje kuphela kodwa futhi bokwenza ekhona ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho kusimo kuba ukonakala zemithi yezithelo emazingeni. Nokho, kumiswa efanele umqhele nezenhlanzeko izihlahla kuzosiza ukugwema lokhu, noma okungenani kakhulu ukubambezela yonke inqubo.

Izici izinhlobo

Apple isihlahla lwenkanyezi, incazelo, izithombe zazo okusesihlokweni esithi - i wempova kakhulu kwabaningi izinhlobo ebusika :. Antonovka, Ladoga, Heroes, njll Lapho itshalwe eduze komunye nomunye bonke, kuhlanganise Asterisk, cross-impova, okwandisa izithelo isethi futhi efanele, okwandisa isivuno. Izithelo isihlahla iqala eminyakeni 5-6 emva kokutshala. Ukusheshisa fruiting iminyaka 1-2 can, wokugxilisa yisithombo ku isiphunzi yemifino. Veza ibanga umxhwele 50 kuya ku-100 kg isizini ngayinye. Nokho, phawula ukuthi inani izithelo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izimo sezulu, it siyahluka kakhulu eminyakeni ezahlukene.

Ukuze kulondolozwe isivuno esihle esihlahleni, minyaka yonke kuyinto izihlahla ayimpoqo, umqhele ukunciphisa gelled kanye nekufinyelela lokungetiwe elangeni, kunesidingo ngakho izithelo yokuvuthwa.

Ukutshala: ukulungiselela izithombo

Ukuze sikhule i apula kulula, ngisho imfundamakhwela wensimu. Ngokuthenga ithikithi Sprockets yisithombo kufanele ubheke nursery okukhethekile abakhiqizi ne kokuba nedumela elihle nokuba isilinganiso okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuthengwa lokutshala impahla kusuka nabathengisi engahloliwe ngokuvamile jikisa ukudumazeka Saze sadlala ngesikhathi.

Yisithombo uhlelo impande kuyadingeka ukuze uhlole, susa izimpande owonakele eziphukile ngaphambi kokutshala cwilisa in the okuthiwa Mash - amanzi ayegcwele isixazululo ubumba. Esigubuzele izimpande ubumba kuvimbela ukufinyelela emoyeni ezimpandeni kanye imbangela kwamazinyo.

Ukukhethwa kwesiza for kokwehla

Apple kudingeka izibani okuhle, ngakho indlela kukhethwa indawo ukutshala lokhu isihlahla izithelo kuyinto ukuthatha izinto ngokungathí sina. Kuyadingeka ukuba ikhumbule zonke izimo sokuthuthukiswa qualitative isiko. Ngakho, khetha indawo libalele futhi evulekile nge evundile, okuxekethile, nenhlabathi esiwuhogelayo ngaphandle esekuficile emi komhlaba. Wik futhi ningizimu-ntshonalanga ohlangothini ingxenye isiko umxhwele ngaphezulu ezifana apula lwenkanyezi. Incazelo, izithombe, izibuyekezo balimi ukuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kukhethwa indawo kokwehla. Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma la maqiniso angenhla kungaholela ekwakhiweni okungavamile izithombo, a Ukwehla zokulahlekelwa izithelo kanye isivuno.

Esinye isimo esidinga bawuhloniphe kuyinto isikhathi ukuhambisana kokwehla. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba lokhu Inqubo entwasahlobo. Watshala isitshalo ngasekupheleni April noma ngo-May, lapho inkulu khona ingozi frost ukubuya ayohluleka, njengoba ilanga liqala kulungele umhlaba kahle. Autumn zokutshala balimi onolwazi akuzona wamukelekile, njengoba amakhaza asebusika idluliselwe, akuzona zonke izitshalo ezisencane. Kodwa, uma lesi sitshalo isihlahla ngasizathu simbe kudingeke ukuba uwe, khona-ke kumelwe kwenziwe izinyanga 1-1.5 ngaphambi ukuqala yesithwathwa ezinzima, ngoba izitshalo abasha kudingeka uthathe impande.

Ukulungiselela emgodini kokwehla

Itulo bemba ukhula isuswe ngokucophelela izingxenyana izimpande zabo, umbe usayizi emgodini 0.4 * 0.4 amamitha. Umgodi lwesithathu ligcwele inhlanganisela humus, umlotha, ingadi umhlabathi kanye superphosphate (30-40gr) embankments slide yayo. Yisithombo ibekwe phezu ngesiduli qondanisa izimpande futhi embozwe umhlaba. Isihlahla impande collar kufanele ahlule eliphansi at 5-6 cm. Umhlabathi ukuthi tamped waphuzisa ngesandla esivulekile. Kufanele kube ukufinyelela umswakama ezimpandeni, okuthi uma sekuhlangene obungazungeza indulungu-isiqu wenze umhlaba i amanzi roller-esaziwa. Lonke isikhathi ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele, cishe inyanga nesigamu, lesi sitshalo akufanele kube esifushane amanzi. Ebusika isihlahla yokukhosela ekhethekile isigubungelo izinto noma amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi.

Ukunakekela komapula: umcimbi main

Abalimi abanolwazi ukugubha lula lokhu izithelo zomuthi, ukugqamisa kalula imisebenzi okhathalelayo. Bangaki amasiko ethelayo, apula lwenkanyezi (incazelo, isithombe, izibuyekezo balimi siliqinisekise) aphendvule nokukhula ngokushesha amahlumela phezu ukuthambisa esifike ngesikhathi, Ukuhlakula ukhula njalo, ziba ngcono inhlabathi iziqu esihlahleni bese gqwa ukuvundiswa izinga organic nokumbiwa umquba eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Bazithela ngokulinganisela apula, i overabundance umswakama athwala esindayo. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi esekelwe sezulu esifundeni ngesikhathi esishisayo bazithela ngobuningi, eminyakeni ezimanzi - kancane. Ground ku zemithi imibuthano ngezikhathi athambise futhi ususe ukhula, ngcono inhlabathi aeration kuka futhi ivuselele ukuthuthukiswa impande.

Kudingeka esihlahleni yokudla. Eyokuqala wenziwa entwasahlobo isizini: ziba mandla ekusebenziseni humus noma umquba ibolile, okuyinto busuka imali 10-12 kg per imitha square. Ekwindla emva isiko sokuvuna ezidla phosphorus-potassium izakhiwo ezisiza kwesihlahla usinde ebusika. Kubalulekile ukuba overfeed isiko, ngokweqile Umanyolo nethonya elilimazayo wakhe. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni nenhlabathi evundile awamukelekile Asterisk zalisa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa eminyakeni 2-3.

Futhi amazwi ambalwa mayelana izihlahla. On isidingo ubambe okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, sizofaka kuphela ukuthi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu lezi zindlela - kwentwasahlobo, lapho umuthi ingakamiswa bevuswa. kwekwindla izihlahla akuyona kwenziwe.

Sesisungule uhlelo lomnotho olubizwa umfundi isiko ezithakazelisayo futhi linesizotha, okuyinto apula lwenkanyezi. Incazelo, izithombe, izibuyekezo abashayeli bamaloli, liyayazi ukutshala lolu izithelo zomuthi - akuyona izaba ukuzama ukhule ube apula esihlahleni esikhulu?