Lithium ibhethri: ukubuyekezwa, izincazelo, izinhlobo, abakhiqizi kanye nokubuyekeza

Lithium yebhethri iphephile futhi amandla esiningi kudivayisi. Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko - ukusebenza ngaphandle ukushaja isikhathi eside. Kungaba usebenze ngaphansi kwethonya ngisho okushisa aphansi. Ngenxa yekhono layo ukuze sigcine amandla e ibhethri lithium luphakeme yezinye izinhlobo. Yingakho njalo ngonyaka zokukhiqiza yabo liyakhuphuka. Zingaba labangemadayimenshini lamabili: cylindrical futhi prismatic.

isicelo

Basuke kabanzi ubuchwepheshe bama-computer, omakhalekhukhwini kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza. Amashaja lithium amabhethri une-voltage yokusebenza 4 V Inzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu - umsebenzi nge uhla enkulu okushisa ziyashiyana kusukela -20 ° C kuya +60 ° C. Kuze kube manje kukhona amabhethri ukuthi ongasebenza ezingeni lokushisa ngezansi -30 ° C. Minyaka yonke Onjiniyela ozama ukwandisa kokubili emihle nemibi lokushisa ububanzi.

Ekuqaleni, ibhethri lithium ilahlekelwa-5% we umthamo wayo, futhi inyanga ngayinye, lesi sibalo ukwanda. Le nkomba singcono namanye amalungu ibhethri. Kuye voltage kwenkokhiso, ziyakwazi ukukhonza kusukela imijikelezo 500 1000.

Nazi izinhlobo lithium amabhethri

Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo lithium amabhethri, okuyinto zitholakala ezindaweni ezahlukene wemboni ekhaya nasezimbonini:

• Li-Ion - I-amandla eyisipele noma ukuthengisela, ezokuthutha, amathuluzi amandla;
• nickel usawoti - imigwaqo emikhulu nojantshi bezitimela yezokuthutha;
• Nickel-cadmium - shipbuilding futhi izindiza;
• yensimbi-nickel - ugesi;
• Nickel-hydrogen - isikhala;
• Nickel-Zinc - amakhamera;
• Silver-Zinc - umkhakha lempi nokunye ..

Uhlobo eyinhloko-lithium-ion. Zisetshenziswa emkhakheni kagesi, ukukhiqizwa amandla, izinombolo zocingo kanye nokunye. D. amabhethri ingase eziqhutshwa ezingeni lokushisa kusuka -20 ° C kuya 40 ° C, kodwa isakhiwa ukwandisa idatha amabanga. Ngezinye zinamandla 4 aniketwa ngendlela imali eyanele ukushisa ethize.

Bona zihlukaniswa subtypes ezahlukene ukuthi kuhluke cathode kwengoma. It sishintshwe esikhundleni graphite, noma ngaphezu nalokho izinto ezikhethekile.

amabhethri Lithium: idivayisi

Ngokuvamile, lezi amadivaysi zenziwa bunjwa prismatic, kodwa kukhona onobuhle izindlu cylindrical. Ingxenye kwangaphakathi yakhiwa electrode noma separators. Steel noma aluminium isetshenziselwa umzimba. Oxhumana ziboniswe ikhava yebhethri, futhi badinga angahlangani nabantu. Amabhethri, lithium izinhlobo prismatic ibhethri aqukethe inani elithile amapuleti. Basuke embondelene phezu nomunye. Ukunikeza ukuphepha okwengeziwe, ibhethri lithium has a idivayisi ekhethekile. Kuyinto ngaphakathi futhi ukhonza yokulawula inqubo yokusebenza. Endabeni izimo eziyingozi kudivayisi iyanqamula ibhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini unikezwa Ukuvikelwa zangaphandle. Ezezindlu uphawu ngokuphelele, ngakho akukho electrolyte ukuvuza namanzi ingress. kagesi livela ngezithukuthuku athomu lithium, okuyinto uxhumana eheleni crystal we nezinye izakhi.

Ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela nge lithium ibhethri

It ingafakwa ezintathu izinhlobo amabhethri, okuyinto zingafani yokwakheka cathode:

• ayibe Lithium;
• Lithium-ferrofosfatnye;
• lithium-manganese.

Ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela ngebhethri lithium ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ibhethri ukuzinyeza khulula. Enye inzuzo obalulekile - akudingi yesondlo. Endabeni ka zokugwema ukuphuka of lithium yayo ibhethri kungenziwa alahlwe njengoba engeyona ingozi yini abantu nendawo ezungezile. Okuwukuphela negative - ongaphakeme ukushaja lithium amabhethri, kanye nezidingo zokuphepha okusezingeni eliphezulu. Hard ukugcwalisa ukushaja ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi.

Izici Key

It kuncike Ukucaciswa umsebenzi we ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela, isimo amandla akhe, ngenkathi operation kungenzeka. Phakathi kwezinye izinkomba lobuchwepheshe ukukhulula:

• voltage elilodwa ibattery idivayisi kungaba ku uhla 3 kuya 5;
• sibalo esiphezulu amandla ukusetshenziswa ifinyelela 400 Wh / L;
• siqu icala ukulahlekelwa at 5%, futhi ekugcineni u-20%;
• Imodi ukushaja ehlangene;
• ukushaja ibhethri ngokugcwele yenzeka 2 amahora;
• ukumelana 5 kuya ku-15 milliohms / A h;
• inani nowe - izikhathi 1000;
• esaphila - kusuka 3 kuya eminyakeni emi-5;
• ukusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamanje umthamo ezithile ibhethri, isib, amandla we-65 ° C - esetshenziswa zamanje ngqo.

ukukhiqizwa

abakhiqizi abaningi bavame ukwenza amathuluzi kagesi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi isabele lwezobuchwepheshe banamuhla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uhlinzeke ekuklanyweni amabhethri ezinhle. okufunwa kakhulu yizimboni yilezi:

1. Inkampani Bosh. I-lithium ibhethri ekhiqizwa ngokuvumelana ECP ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ilawula idivayisi khulula. Esinye isici nice liyisivikelo baso engibukhulumile okweqile. Ngezinye amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu idivayisi ekhethekile kwehlisa izinga lokushisa. Ibhethri isakhiwo enikeziwe ukuvuleka, okuyizindawo ukupholisa ukupholisa ibhethri. Enye ubuchwepheshe - Charge, lapho ukushaja isheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Bosh nkampani inyathelisa amabhethri ababezithola phansi benze amathuluzi ehlukene amandla. Abantu abaningi ukushiya izibuyekezo ezinhle ngale nkampani.
2. Inkampani Makita. It silwenza chips ayo, okuyinto ukulawula yonke imingcele yokusebenza futhi izinqubo ibhethri, ezifana lokushisa, ukushaja okuqukethwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe imodi ukushaja kanye nesikhathi ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. Lezi chips ukwandisa sempilo. Amabhethri ekhiqizwa enomzimba ngokwanele, ngakho bangaveziwe ukucindezeleka mechanical.
3. Okuqinile Hitachi. Ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe yayo yakamuva isisindo nobukhulu balezi jikelele liyancipha ibhethri. Yingakho ithuluzi kagesi kuba lula futhi mobile.

Izici wokusebenza

Uma usebenzisa ibhethri, kufanele ukuba ubambelele le mithetho:

1. Asikho isidingo ukusebenzisa ibhetri lithium kuzinto ngabanye abasengozini, futhi ukuthenga izingxenye Chinese ezishibhile. idivayisi okunjalo ngeke evikelekile, njengoba uhlelo kuyoba ngingekho, ngokuvikela ngokumelene short circuit okushisa ephakeme. Okungukuthi, uma okweqile elikhulu ibhethri kungaba qhumisa, futhi ukuphila inkonzo yayo kuyoba ingasaphathwa.
2. Ungalokothi ukufudumeza ibhethri. Njengoba ukwanda lokushisa, ingcindezi kwandisa ngaphakathi idivayisi. Lezi zenzo kuzoholela ukuqhuma. Ngakho asikho isidingo ukuvula phezulu ikhava yebhethri bese uwubeke endaweni elangeni. Lezi zenzo kuzonciphisa ukuphila service.
3. Awukwazi ulethe oxhumana nabo, elise phezulu isivalo, imithombo eyengeziwe ugesi, njengoba kungase kube sesiwancamulile. uhlelo okwakhelwe akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ngisize kule ndaba.
4. Shaja ibhethri kumele ibe nayo yonke imithetho. Lapho ukushaja ezifana ukusetshenziswa amashaja ukuthi lamanje nombala basakaza.
5. Ibhethri inqubo ukushaja Kwenziwa ezingeni lokushisa omuhle.
6. Uma udinga ukuxhuma multiple lithium ibhethri, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amamodeli we umenzi efanayo, futhi izici lobuchwepheshe efanayo.
7. Isitolo lithium amabhethri endaweni eyomile okuyinto bangaveziwe imisebe yelanga ezingeni lokushisa mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 5 ° C. Lapho edalulwa okushisa aphakeme uzokwehla imishini kwenkokhelo. Ngaphambi isitoreji the nobusika ibhethri is icala ku-50% umthamo. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri is hhayi akhishwe ngokuphelele. Uma lokhu kwenzeka - ngokushesha ashona ke. Esimeni umonakalo mechanical kuya umzimba, kanye izimpawu nokugqwala, iyunithi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa.
8. Uma usebenzela kukhona okweqile eside sebhetri, ukubukeka intuthu, kufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa ngokushesha. Ngemva kwalokho, ukuhambisa idivayisi ezilimele endaweni ephephile. Uma nomzimba ukhululeka kusukela impahla, kubalulekile ukuvimbela kubakhandele isikhumba, noma ezinye izitho.
9. Akuvunyelwe ulahle futhi bashise lithium amabhethri. kabusha yabo kwenzeka uma mechanical umonakalo izindlu ukuqhuma noma ukungenisa amanzi noma isisi.

On umlilo

Uma umlilo kwenzeka in lithium ibhethri, ngeke ucimeke ngamanzi kanye mlilo - carbon dioxide futhi amanzi kungaba asabela nge lithium. Ukuyibeka phandle, sebenzisa powder nezicimo, isihlabathi, usawoti, futhi ngokusebenzisa izicubu obukhulu.

Inqubo ukushaja

ibhethri ishaja Lithium zazo ixhunywe icala njalo zamanje zinamandla 5 V noma ngaphezulu. Nokho, kukhona omubi - abayikho engazinzile ukuba ngaphezu kwentengo. Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi izindlu nokukubangela kulimaze. I yokusetshenziswa ecacisiwe ezingeni ekhethekile. Ophumelele yakhe kumele kwenziwe ukuze ishaje. Uma ukwandisa voltage ukuze ukushaja lithium ibhethri izakhiwo kuzoncishiswa kakhulu.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, impilo inkonzo ibhetri engu-3. Ukugcina isikhathi, kumele zithobele izimo zokusebenza, ukushaja USB. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka bahlale esisebenzelana nawo, futhi akugcine.

ngaphezu kwentengo

Umklamo Ukutshaja ibattery uhlelo inikezwa, ngakho ishaja akuyona ekhubazekile futhi ungesabi ukuthi ngamathumba ngaphakathi isakhiwo, njengoba kunjalo amabhethri yezimoto. Uma imishini lilondolozwe inyanga ezingaphezu kweyodwa, kubalulekile ukuze siyifeze ngokugcwele. Lokhu kakhulu isikhathi ekuphileni inkonzo.

izindleko

Intengo lithium-ion battery kuncike umthamo kanye nokusebenza. Ngokwesilinganiso, ke luyehluka in the uhla kusuka ruble 100 kuya ku-500. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu izindleko, abantu abaningi ushiye okubuyayo. Phakathi ezicini ezinhle secrete enkulu izinga lokusebenza ezahlukene, amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu nekhono ukusebenza ngoba imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-1000 (3 neminyaka ukusetshenziswa kakhulu). Amadivayisi kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, ngakho izinzuzo zabo bakwazi ukuhlola umuntu ngamunye.

Ngakho, sathola ukuthi kukhona amabhethri lithium.