I-Peltier (isici) ukuthi ungayenza kanjani wena?

I-Element Peltier ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-converter, ekwazi ukusebenza emkhatsini wokushisa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokugeleza kwamanje kagesi ngokusebenzisa abaqhubi ngokusebenzisa oxhumana nabo. Ngalokhu, amapuleti akhethekile anikezwa ezakhiweni. Ukushisa kusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kwesinye.

Kuze kube manje, lobu buchwepheshe buyadingeka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhishwa okukhulu kokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivayisi angaziqhayisa ngokuhambisana. Ama-Radiators amamodeli amaningi afakwa e-slabenkie. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukushisa okugelezayo kuphumula ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokho, izinga lokushisa elifunwa ligcinwa njalo.

I-element ayinayo izingxenye ezihambayo. Amadivayisi asebenza ngokuphelele, futhi lokhu kuyinzuzo engafaneleki. Futhi kufanele kuthiwa zingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi amacala okuhlukana ajwayelekile kakhulu. Uhlobo olulula luqukethe abaqhubi bezethusi nabathintana nabo kanye nezintambo zokuxhuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kune-insulator ohlangothini lokupholisa. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa nge-ceramic noma ngensimbi engagqwali.

Kungani sidinga izakhi zePeltier?

Izakhi ze-Peltier zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwamafriji. Ngokuvamile sikhuluma ngezibonelo ezinamathekisthi ezingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ngabashayeli emgwaqweni. Noma kunjalo, indawo yesicelo yamadivayisi ayipheli. Muva nje, izakhi ze-Peltier zifakwe ngokuzwakalayo ngomsindo, kanye nemishini ye-acoustic. Lapho bayakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yepholile.

Ngenxa yalokho, ukupholisa kwe-amplifier yedivayisi kwenzeka ngaphandle komsindo. Ukuze i-compressors ephathekayo, izakhi ze-Peltier zibalulekile. Ekhuluma ngomkhakha wesayense, ososayensi basebenzisa la madivayisi ukupholisa laser. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungenzeka ukufezekisa ukuqiniswa okuphawulekayo kwegagasi lokucwaninga kusuka kumadidi okukhanyisa.

Ukungalungi kwamamodeli e-Peltier

Kubonakala sengathi idivaysi enjalo elula futhi ephumelelayo ayinakho amaphutha, kodwa ayatholakala. Okokuqala, izazi ngokushesha zaphawula amandla amancane okuphazamisa umthamo. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi lo muntu uzoba nezinkinga ezithile uma efuna ukupholisa idivayisi, esebenzayo kwinethiwekhi ye-400-V. Kulesi simo, ukunamathiswa okhethekile kwe-dielectric kuzosiza kancane kancane ukuxazulula le nkinga. Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwamanje kuzobe sekuphakeme futhi ukuqhutshwa kwesici se-Peltier kungase kuhluleke.

Ukwengeza, lezi zithombe zezinhlobonhlobo azikwaziswa ukuthi zisetshenziselwe ukucacisa nge-electronics. Njengoba umklamo we-element unamapuleti wensimbi, ukuzwela kwabaningi be-transistors kungaphula. Impendulo yokugcina ye-Peltier element ingabizwa ngokuthi i-coefficient encane yokusebenza kahle. Ukuze uzuze umehluko omkhulu wokushisa, la madivayisi awakwazi.

I-Module yokulawula

Ukwenza isici sikaPeltier somlawuli silula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ulungiselele amacwecwe amabili ensimbi, kanye nocingo nabathintana nabo. Okokuqala, abaqhubi balungele ukufakwa, okuzobe kutholakala phansi. Ngokuvamile bathengwa ngelebuli "PP".

Ngaphezu kokulawulwa okujwayelekile okushisa, ama-semiconductors okukhiphayo kufanele anikezwe. Ziyadingeka ukuze masinyane zinike ukushisa epuleti eliphezulu. Ukufaka zonke izakhi, sebenzisa i-soldering iron. Ukuqedela isici sePeltier ngezandla zakho, izintambo ezimbili zokugcina zixhunyiwe. Eyokuqala iphakanyiswe phansi phansi futhi ihleli kumqhubi wangaphandle. Ukuxhumana ne-plate kufanele kugwenywe.

Okulandelayo, ifoni yesibili ifakwe engxenyeni engenhla. Ukulungiswa kuyenziwa futhi kwizinto ezimbi kakhulu. Ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwedivayisi, umhloli usetshenzisiwe. Kulokhu, izintambo ezimbili kumele zixhunywe kudivayisi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphambuka kwamandla kufanele kube cishe ngu-23 V. Kulesi simo, kuncike emandleni omlawuli.

Amafriji ane-thermistor

Indlela yokwenza isici se-Peltier ngezandla zakho siqu esiqandisini esinomshini wokushisa? Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi amapulethi alo akhethiwe kuphela kusuka ku-ceramics. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, asetshenziselwa abaqhubi abangaba ngu-20. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa libe ngaphezulu. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kufika ku-70%. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukubala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla wedivayisi.

Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusekelwe emandleni okusebenza. Isiqandisini se-freon ye-liquide kuleli cala sinengqondo. Ngokuqondile isici se-Peltier sifakwe eduze kwe-evaporator, elitholakala eduze kwesithuthuthu. Ukuze uyifake uzodinga isethi evamile yamathuluzi, kanye nama-gaskets. Ziyadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe imodeli kusukela ekuqaleni kokudluliselwa. Ngakho, ukupholisa phansi kwedivayisi kuzokwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu.

Ukufeza umehluko wokushisa (umphumela wePeltier) ngezandla zabo, abaqhubi bangadinga okungenani izicucu ezingu-16. Into esemqoka ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuhlukanisa ngokuqinile izintambo ezizoxhunyaniswa ne-compressor. Ukuze wenze konke okulungile, kufanele uqale ukuxhuma i-dehydrator yesiqandisisi. Kuphela emva kwalokhu kungenzeka ukuxhuma bonke othintana nabo. Ngemuva kokuba ukufakwa kuqediwe, umkhawulo wamandla kufanele uhlolwe nomhloli. Uma umsebenzi we-element uphukile kuqala, i-thermostat ihlupheka. Kwezinye izimo, kwenzeka isifunda esifushane.

Isibonelo sefriji 15 V

Isiqandisini sePeltier senziwa ngesandla nge- passput ephansi . Amamojula afakwe eduze kakhulu nama-radiators. Ukuze bazilungise ngokuqiniseka, ochwepheshe basebenzisa amacembe. Isici akumele sithembele ngokumelene nesihlungi, futhi lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe.

Ukuze uqedele imodemu ye-Peltier ye-thermoelectric ngezandla zakho, ipuleti eliphansi likhethwe ngokuyinhloko kusuka ensimbi engagqwali. Abaqhubi, njengomthetho, basetshenziswa ngokumaka i- "ПР20". Ukulayisha bayakwazi ukumelana nokuphakama kuka-3. Ukuphambuka okukhulu kokushisa kungafinyelela amadigri ayishumi. Kulesi simo, ukusebenza kahle kungaba 75%.

Izakhi ze-Peltier eziqandisini 24 V

Ukusebenzisa isici se-Peltier, isiqandisini singenziwa kuphela kubaqhubi ngokufaka uphawu oluhle. Kulolu cala, kumele bahlelwe emigqeni emithathu yokupholisa. Ukusebenza kwamanje ohlelweni kumele kugcinwe ku-4A. Ungahlola ngokusebenzisa umhloli ovamile.

Uma usebenzisa amacwecwe e-ceramic we-element, khona-ke ukuphambuka okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa kungatholakala ngezinga eli-15. Izintambo ku-condenser zifakwe kuphela ngemuva kokubekwa kwegesi. Ungayinamathisela udonga lwedivayisi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Into esemqoka kulesi simo akusebenzi ukusebenzisa i-glue, ezwela amazinga okushisa angaphezu kwama-30 degrees.

Isici se-Peltier sokupholisa imoto

Ukwenza isiqandisini se-auto-quality ngezandla zabo, i-Peltier (i-module) ikhethwe nge-plate, ubukhulu obungaphezulu kuka-1.1 mm. Izintambo zisetshenziswe kangcono uhlobo olungenasizotha. Futhi, abaqhubi bezethusi badinga ukusebenza. I-throughput yabo kufanele ibe okungenani 4A.

Ngakho-ke, ukuphambuka kokushisa okukhulu kuzofinyelela amadigri ayishumi, lokhu kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Abaqhubi bavame ukusetshenziselwa ngelebula "PR20". Basanda kubonisa ukuthi bazinzile. Zifanele futhi oxhumana nabo abahlukahlukene. I-soldering iron isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma idivayisi ku-condenser. Ukufakwa okuhambisanayo kungenzeka kuphela kwibhulogi lokudlulisela kabusha. Ukungezwani kulokhu kuzoba okuncane.

Indlela yokwenza isici sokuphuza kwamanzi okuphuza?

I-module ye-Peltier (isici) ngezandla zayo yenzelwe ukupholisa okupholile. Amapulangwe ayo kubalulekile ukukhetha kuphela ama-ceramic. Abaqhubi ekusetshenzisweni kwedivayisi okungenani 12. Ngakho-ke, ukumelana kuzogcinwa phezulu. Ukuxhuma kwezakhi kwenziwa nge-soldering. Kufanele kube nezintambo ezimbili zokuxhuma kudivayisi. Isici sinamathele ngaphansi kwepholile. Kulesi simo, ungaxhumana nesembozo sedivayisi. Ukuze kuqedwe ukutholakala kwezikhampasi ezimfushane, yonke i-wiring ibalulekile ukulungisa igri noma ukukhishwa.

Abalingisi

I-Module "Peltier" (isici) ngezandla zabo siqu yenzelwa ukufaka umoya emoyeni kuphela nabaqhubi beklasi "PR12". Abakhethiwe kulolu bhizinisi ngokuyinhloko ngoba bahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Imodeli esiphezulu iyakwazi ukukhiqiza i-voltage ye-23 V. Inkomba yokuphikisa iyoba ngezinga lama-oh ohms. Ukuwa kwezinga lokushisa kufinyelela kumazinga angaphezu kuka-10, futhi ukusebenza kahle ngamaphesenti angu-65. Ungakwazi ukufaka abaqhubi phakathi kwamashidi kuphela emgqeni owodwa.

Ukwenziwa kwama-generator

Ukuze wenze i-generator isebenzisa i- module ye-Peltier (isici), ungazenza ngokwakho. Ukusebenza kwedivaysi kuzokwanda ngo-10%. Lokhu kungenxa yokupholisa okukhulu kwezimoto. Umthwalo omkhulu wedivaysi ugcinwa ngo-30 A. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu labaqhubi, ukumelana kungaba yi-4 ohms. Ukuphambuka kwezinga lokushisa kusistimu kungaba ngu-13 degrees. I-module ifakwe ngqo ku-rotor. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala ukuxhuma i-shaft ephakathi. Ezimweni eziningi, i-stator ayiphazamisi. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ukuqhuma kwe-rotor akusho ukushisa kusuka ku-inductor, amacwecwe e-ceramic asetshenzisiwe.

Ukupholisa ikhadi levidiyo kukhompyutha

Ukupholisa ikhadi levidiyo, lungiselela okungenani abaqhubi abangu-14. Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo zethusi. I-coefficient of heat conduction kubo iphezulu kakhulu. Ukuxhuma idivaysi ebhodini, izintambo ezingenayo i-modular zisetshenziswa. Yenza imodeli eduze nepholile lekhadi levidyo. Ukuze uyilungise, ngokuvamile usebenzisa amacembe ezinsimbi ezincane .

Ukuze uzilungiselele ungasebenzisa amagajethi avamile. Ukubonakala komsindo okwedlulele ngesikhathi sokusebenza kubonisa ukuthi idivayisi ayisebenzi kahle. Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ubuqotho benkambo. Futhi kudingeka uhlole abaqhubi.

Isici se-Peltier esimweni somoya

Ukwenza ngokufanelekile ukwenza isici sePeltier ngezandla zakho ku-air conditioner, amapulethi asebenzisa kabili. Ubukhulu obuncane kufanele bube okungenani u-1 mm. Kulesi simo, umuntu angathemba ukuphambuka kokushisa kwama-degree angu-15. Ukusebenza kwama-air conditioners emva kokufaka amamojula kunyuke ngo-20%. Okuningi kulesi simo kuncike ekushiseni kwemvelo. Ukuzinza kwamandla omgogodla kufanele kuxoxwe. Ukuphazamiseka okuncane, idivaysi ivulelwe umthwalo cishe cishe u-4 A.

Lapho bephethe ama-soldering, akufanele babekwe eduze kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ukuze ugcwalise kahle amamojula e-Peltier ngezandla zakho, oxhumana nabo bokufakwayo nabokukhipha kumele bafakwe kuphela kwelinye lamacwecwe amabili. Kulesi simo, idivayisi izoba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Iphutha elikhulu kulokhu kuzoba ukuxhuma imodemu ngokuqondile kwunithi. Lokhu kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni okungenakugwemeka kwesici.

Ukufaka i-module kwi-capacitor

Ukuze ufake i-module yePeltier ngezandla zakho, kubalulekile ukulinganisa amandla we-capacitor. Uma ingadluli ku-20 V, isici kufanele sihambiswe nabaqhubi abakwe "PR30" noma "PR26". Ukuze ulungise i-module ye-Peltier (isici) ngezandla zakho kwi-condenser, sebenzisa amacembe ezinsimbi ezincane.

Kungcono ukuzifaka ezine eceleni. Ekusebenzeni, i-capacitor, ekugcineni, iyakwazi ukwengeza u-10%. Uma sikhuluma ngokushisa kokushisa, khona-ke kuyoba yinto engabalulekile. I-coefficient yokusebenza kahle kwedivayisi isilinganiso sama-80%. Ngokuba ama-capacitors aphezulu, amamojula awabalwa. Kulesi simo, ngisho nenani elikhulu labaqhubi ngeke lisize.