Ukufakwa, uxhumano, ukulungiswa, ukulungisa, esikhundleni isilawuli. Abalawuli - ke ...

Abalawuli amadivayisi kubalulekile ngempumelelo ukusebenza art. Njengoba sekukhona? Lapho ukusebenzisa? Ngo ukubukeka jikelele yabo ukufakwa, uxhumano, ukulungiswa, ukulungisa kanye esikhundleni isilawuli? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo uzonikezwa kulesi sihloko.

Yiziphi abalawuli?

Lesi siqu isetshenziswa ezishintshayo izinhlelo amadivayisi ukuthi basebenza ngokomzimba inqubo control nemisebenzi ngokuhambisana algorithm aqoshiwe ngaphambilini. Lokhu kusebenzisa ulwazi livela izinzwa kanye okukhiphayo kuya actuators. Ngo amakhompyutha, abalawuli, - idivaysi langaphakathi idatha othelawayeka exhunywe okuphathelene nomngcele. Ngenxa ngokucubungula slow-I / O imisebenzi, ukusebenza kwabo has a nethonya elihle izinhlelo isivinini. Okungukuthi abalawuli - amadivayisi ihlelwa ku engxenyeni nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa CPU. Ngakho, asikho isidingo ukuba njalo ukulalela okwengeziwe isebenza ikhibhodi noma cha. Imisebentiluhlolo CPU kuhlanganisa kuphela idatha emayelana ukuzimisela ukwamukela khona wokubambisana ngokufanele osabela ngayo kukho.

Umlando nesenzakalo

Ngokokuqala ngqá kule mboni, ziye zasetshenziswa yokwakha izimoto ku 60s sekwephuzile. Zisetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalelayo inhlangano imigqa. Khona-ke amakhompyutha ayebiza kakhulu, ngakho abalawuli asetshenziswa logic ngesandla esiqinile, okuyinto zahlelwa in hardware. Kodwa yokulungiswa kwabo kwaba kakhulu isikhathi inqubo oqothulayo. Ngakho-ke, iyiphi idivayisi washintsha ngosizo edluliselwe ekhethekile. Zibizwa ngokuthi ehlelwe logic abalawuli, futhi liye lalondolozwa kuze kube yilolu suku. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma yimaphi amadivayisi ukuthi basuke zahlelwa ngezilimi umshini ngamakhasimende. Kulula ukwenza ezakhayo, kodwa kudingeka sibe Unicode ukwenza ngisho ushintsho encane kunazo zonke algorithm control. Kusukela leli phuzu kube nenkinga njalo lula izinqubo. Okokuqala, yiluphi ulimi ephezulu ezingeni, bese ekhethekile izinhlelo ezibukwayo, okuyinto Kuningi ukufana okukhona phakathi nala edluliselwe.

isicelo

Thola abalawuli kungaba cishe noma yikuphi ezishintshayo izinqubo zobuchwepheshe umshini amathuluzi nge anda-elawulwa ku mkhosi nokuvikelwa eziphuthumayo izinhlelo, ukwesekwa ukuphila, ukwakha esisekela ukuphila, ukuphepha, ukuxhumana, izinto zokwelapha test. Naphezu lokhu kwanda, nokho kukhona izindawo ngokwanele lapho lezi amadivaysi ukuthi usanda kuqala ukuvela.

Ukwenza ukufakwa futhi esikhundleni

Injani ukufakwa abalawuli? Ukuze kube lula incazelo, futhi banikezwe inani elikhulu izicelo kunokwenzeka, sizoxoxa uma ezithile idivaysi ukwenza izinga lokushisa kule abamba ukushisa. Ngakho, ekuqaleni sizodinga ukukhetha kulungiselelwa umkhathizwe. Njengomthetho, it is wakhethwa njengosuku ukuphakama phakathi izitshalo omdala. Udinga ukuba banakekele indawo obandayo. Ukuze-ke wabeka phambili izidingo eziqondene nayo. Ngakho, kufanele libe sendaweni lapho oyokwenziwa okungenani maqondana nokusakazwa emoyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzwa lokushisa kufanele kube ukufinyelela ngqo lutho kungaphazamisi. Khona-ke kwenziwa ukufakwa ngqo isilawuli, lifakwe endaweni yalo, futhi kusalokhu ukuxhuma, lungiselela, uphinde usebenzise amasevisi ayo. Futhi yini okufanele uyenze uma ubhekana nenkinga nge ingxenye hardware zedivayisi? esikhundleni, uma kunesidingo. Sizoba ukuqaqa unit and ukuqoqa wonke lokushisa ukwesekwa scheme futhi sigxile nezici zabo ezingokomzimba idivayisi entsha.

Hooking

Ukuze amandla isilawuli, kukhona izinketho amabili eziyinhloko:

1. Elimile mthombo wamandla. Lukulokhu ehloselwe khona ibhethri, okuyinto uzokwanelisa amandla isilawuli. Izinzuzo lokhu samuntu kuzomele sifake ezingeni abalulekile yokuzimela. Kodwa ibhethri isilawuli kulokhu kufanele njalo agcwalisiwe. Ungakwazi ukushintsha le nqubo ngokuhlakulela wesifunda ezokwenza ixhume kwinethiwekhi. Lapho icala kuyoba esingaphansi inani elithile (isibonelo, 50%), ukwakheka zizofakwa. Kodwa le energy nezindleko ezengeziwe (kodwa hhayi abalulekile).
2. Igridi. Lokhu eqala isilawuli ukuxhuma kwi-grid. Kodwa uma udinga sihlale njalo siqaphele izinga lokushisa (e greenhouse nezitshalo ezingavamile noma incubator for inkukhu), khona-ke ngoba kungenzeka kucima ugesi, lokhu akuyona inketho. Kuyadingeka ukucabangela zonke izinhlangothi ngaphambi ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo kohlelo ngalunye.

ngokwezifiso

Lapha konke ulula. Isilawuli nje kudingeka ulungise kuya wayefisa lokushisa ububanzi futhi izinyathelo iyaguquka yayo. Uma sikhuluma idivayisi uthenge, khona-ke kumelwe wanakekela interface lapho ungasebenza wenze konke kuyadingeka. Lisebenzisa amathuluzi okuzenzela kuyoba kancane more xaka. Kungenzeka ukuba ukhethe izimo lokushisa oyifunayo kule abamba ukushisa ngo kwalokho izakhi entsha noma izinguquko amahlelo isivele ifakiwe. Ngakho kubalulekile ukuba sibheke hhayi ngephutha ashise wesifunda ngenxa overload noma ukuletha into eyenza kube sokushintsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyodingeka ukwenza iimbalo zibe ezifanele futhi uqinisekise ukuthi baqinisile practice. Yilokho sonke sokushona isilawuli.

ukulungiswa

Lapho isilawuli ehluleka, kukhona izinketho ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Ukuhambisa kuma-professionals kangangokuthi ziye bayilungise.
2. Ulilahle futhi uthenge esisha.
3. Okuzivuselela.

Ngamunye wabo ngendlela yabo ezibizayo. Ngakho-ke, ababili bear wokuqala ngokumelene ingxenye kakhulu imali, kanti eyesithathu ngesikhathi sakho siqu futhi umzamo. Futhi uma okuyiphutha isilawuli ifektri ke kungcono hhayi ukuzama bebodwa ukuqonda (nakuba esikhathini sokuphela konke kuncike isifiso nokwethembela amakhono abo siqu). Okuzivuselela kangcono ezimweni lapho divayisi mathupha futhi kuqoqwe. Kulokhu kuyoba kudingekile ukusebenzisa ama-apharathasi ekhethekile (noma izifunda silinganiso), bese usetha ukusebenza element ngayinye. Futhi lapho butholakala isixhumanisi-non-ukusebenza, kumele kube vypayat, futhi endaweni yawo ukusungula omusha ingxenye, okungadingi unezinkinga ukusebenza. Yilokho sonke isilawuli ukulungisa yezandla zabo. Ukuze niphumelele ekusebenziseni lesi into kuyinkimbinkimbi.

isiphetho

Njengoba ubona, nabaqondisi - akunzima. I Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana inqubo ukusebenza nabo. Kodwa kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi abalawuli - amadivayisi sokuqhuba zihlala zinamandla athile, ngakho kufanele uqaphele. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukubeka idivayisi esikhumbeni, lapho ukufinyelela kubantu okungagunyaziwe sasiyoba sincane kakhulu.