Kwezinye opera Chaliapin wahlabelela izindima phambili? "I Maid of Pskov" (Ivan Grozny), "Life for the Tsar" (Ivan Susanin), "Mozart kanye Salieri" (Salieri)

Ukuqonda umlando yaseshashalazini Russian zomculo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokucubungula opera zomphakathi Chaliapin wahlabelela izindima eyinhloko. Lokhu umculi ovelele lunomthelela omkhulu hhayi kuphela yasekhaya kodwa futhi isiko emhlabeni. Kunzima overestimate ngegalelo lakhe ukuthuthukiswa of the opera kazwelonke. Impumelelo yakhe lokukwazi phesheya kwaholela ekusakazekeni futhi popularization of Russian umculo hhayi kuphela classical kodwa futhi abantu, Folk song indalo.

Ezinye amaqiniso oluchaza

Fedor Ivanovich Shalyapin wazalelwa e Kazan ngo-1873. kwavela umculi Ikusasa ophuma emkhayeni ompofu. Wathweswa iziqu wendawo esikoleni, ingane wayecula ekwayeni yesonto. Nokho, ngenxa yesimo esinzima kwezezimali isikhashana wafundiswa ubuciko. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, le nsizwa engena esikoleni Arskoe. Ukuqala umsebenzi wakhe ngenxa ukufika qembu Serebryakov, lapho kuqala wahlabelela amaqembu amancane iqhaza ekuculeni choral.

Ngo-1890, Fedor Ivanovich Shalyapin waya Ufa, lapho wabhalisa qembu Awe-Operetta. Lapha waqala ukwenza uwedwa. Ngemva kweminyaka emine wathuthela eMoscow, bese - enhlokodolobha yasebukhosini, nalapho efike waphelela khona etholwe yaseshashalazini main. Lapha yena wadlala indima kokubili repertoire angaphandle kanye ezifuywayo. I ithalente avela kuye lo oculayo abasha ngokushesha yabakhanga jikelele a baxgeki hhayi kuphela zomphakathi kodwa futhi. Nokho, naphezu kuyanda ukuthandwa, Chaliapin utive sibambekile: wayentula inkululeko futhi eyenza umuntu.

umsebenzi Early

I senguquko ekuphileni avela kuye lo oculayo ezenzeka ngemva ukujwayelana kwakhe ne-edumile Russian isicebi nezobuciko abavikela Savva Mamontov. Naye okokuqala wahlangana yokusesha ithalente futhi uthayiphe inkampani yakhe okungcono abahlabeleli, abaculi kanye abaculi. Kulomuzi Chaliapin ukusebenza ngalo yaqala ngala ukusebenza indima Isihloko opera Ivan Susanin Glinka "Life for the Tsar". Ukusebenza ube yimpumelelo enkulu futhi uye waba nesandla kulo msebenzi umdwebi sika, ngokuba liyisihlalo kulesi simo, wembula ithalente wakhe omkhulu njengoba umdlali kuyinto umculo Russian classical, yena wazizwa ngokuphelele futhi waqonda.

Khona-ke Savva abamenyiwe oculayo inkampani yakhe yangasese. Wayefuna ukwakha kazwelonke yaseshashalazini zomculo isiRashiya, futhi ngenxa yalokho kuyinto ephathelene nokulandelayo ukuthi ukuze ahehe abaculi abanamakhono kakhulu.

zezimbali lokusungula

Mamontov Opera odlale indima ebalulekile isiko Russian. Iqiniso lokuthi labo opera abangu okuhleliwe kulesigaba ethile, ukuthi awuhambanga ithunyelwa emahholo amabhayisikobho eziphethwe uhulumeni. Isibonelo, lokhu yilapho kudlalwé umsebenzi omusha by Rimsky-Korsakov sika "Mozart kanye Salieri". indima Lesi sakamuva sika lolungenamaphutsa kudlalwa Chaliapin. Ngokuvamile, le nkundla esisha eklanyelwe ukukhuthaza umculo abamele "Big Five". Futhi kule repertoire ukukhulisa embule ithalente avela kuye lo oculayo.

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi kuningi kangakanani osekushintshile indima lo mculi oluvelele, nje uhlu opera ngokwanele umphakathi Chaliapin wahlabelela izindima eyinhloko. Waqala ukucula iningi opera Russian: wakhangwa eqinile, ezinamandla futhi amadlingozi umculo bomculo owabhala imisebenzi yakhe izindikimba zomlando, amaqhawe kanye kumnandi. Traditional Folk Motifs bathandile ikakhulukazi umculi, futhi imidwebo yomlando Russian lasendulo bakhangwa olunothile yayo nokujula. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi lapho yakhe (1896-1899 biennium). Yena komculo enkundleni eziningana izithombe oluvelele. Futhi omunye abalulekile eminingi yemisebenzi yakhe zalesi sigaba indima Ivana Groznogo encwadini Rimsky-Korsakov.

izingqikithi Historical ku imisebenzi

I-opera "I Maid of Pskov" kusekelwe isiqephu zomlando has icebo abukhali futhi ashukumisayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo lo yesithombe yenkosi kanye izakhamuzi zomuzi wakubo ukujula kwengqondo. Umculo kwalo mkhiqizo Lifanele for amathuba lamaqembu kwezobuciko avela kuye lo oculayo. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe umbusi, wayengumuntu obukholisayo kakhulu futhi ekhululekile, ukuze lo msebenzi ungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe. Kamuva, ngisho izinkanyezi ku ifilimu, okuhleliwe lo mkhiqizo. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi umculi akazange athathe ukubaluleka ezimele cinema, it is cishe akakhishwanga, futhi ifilimu wokuqala kwakungafanele athole yenanelwa esibucayi.

Izici ukusebenza

kumelwe ucacise for the kokuhlaziywa Inhloso yomsebenzi umculi, lapho opera Chaliapin wahlabelela izindima eyinhloko. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eziningi kubo. I-opera "I Maid of Pskov" isibe omunye ebaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe. Wafisa abadumile, futhi eziningi nezinye ukusebenza oluvelele. Ngalesi sikhathi abantu wayebacabangela repertoire yakhe eyinhloko opera Russian, okuyinto lwaziswa, futhi unamathele kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izwe yaseshashalazini zomculo. Abaphila Besikhathi waphawula ukuthi ukuthandwa umculi uchaza nje ngokuthuthukisa amakhono yakhe emangalisayo vocal, kodwa futhi nobuciko, ikhono ukujwayela indima futhi udlulise izwi ukubona izimpawu ezifihlekile esihle buviyoviyo.

Abagxeki waphawula ukuthi wazizwa ulimi esihle zomculo we izicucu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Chaliapin waba ngesikhathi esihle kakhulu umlingisi waseshashalazini, okungukuthi, ngokusebenzisa isimo sobuso nokushukuma komzimba ukudlulisa zonke izici ngokwengqondo umlingisi achazwe ngayo. Lo mculi waba ithalente ukuphindukuzalwa. Ngokwesibonelo, wayengase ukudlala kwelinye indima eziningi. Lokhu kuyikhono idume kakhulu futhi Feodor Chaliapin.

"Boris Godunov" - Opera, lapho ehlabelela ukumkani wama-party futhi monk Pimen. ukusebenza kwakhe elinesimo imiva ekhethekile, njengoba indima ngayinye, wakwazi ukuthola ulimi olusha zomculo. Mussorgsky kwaba umqambi esithandayo.

iziqephu

izwi Chaliapin - a bass eliphezulu. Nokho, Nakuba baduma ngenxa ukusebenza izingxenye ngokuyinhloko okukhulu, wayenobuhlobo nenamancoko, futhi njengoba umculi omkhulu wayithokozela ukudlala izindima amahlaya ezifana Don Basilio ku opera "The Barber waseSeville."

ithalente lakhe lalinguDowegi enezici: ehlabelela kahle futhi ngezinye izikhathi amaqembu, ezifana e opera Glinka sika. Ngaphezu indima yakhe Starring play "Ukuphila ngokuba Tsar", yena wadlala indima omunye heroes kwezinye imisebenzi yakhe. Lokhu Mise kancane en yesehlakalo ukuthi nakanjani kwaphawula baxgeki owathi umlingisi wakwazi kukudlulisela ngokunembile isithombe okumangazayo iqhawe kokuqhosha.

Enye indima encane, kodwa abangokomfanekiso - iqembu Norman isivakashi oye zizoba isici esiphawula leli umculi, futhi umfanekiso miller kusuka kwenye opera fabulous. Nokho, ngesisekelo repertoire yakhe uhlala a izingxenye sina okukhulu. Kumele ngamnyama ukuze umsebenzi opera "Mozart kanye Salieri". Lo msebenzi ekamelweni iyahluka kwenye labo ukusebenza, lapho iqhaza ngaphambili. Noma kunjalo Chaliapin lapha owayevelele njengenceku umculi omkhulu, ukusebenza olukhulu umugqa bass.

Emashumini eminyaka yokuqala yekhulu lama-20

Ngobusuku obandulela inguquko yokuqala isiRashiya, lo mculi wayeneminyaka engu-kakade ethandwa kakhulu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi uyahlabelela izingoma kusuka Folk song indalo ithole ekusebenzeni kwakhe touch ekhethekile. Of Ikakhulukazi ukuvelela ingoma atholwe "Dubinushka", okuyinto wanika abasebenzi umsindo wamavukelambuso. Ngemva amaBolshevik waqala ukubusa ngo-1917 Chaliapin waba de empeleni waba umholi we Mariinsky Theatre olingana Umculi Yabantu weRiphabhulikhi. Nokho, ngenxa njalo izinkambo phesheya nokuthola iminikelo esivuna izingane zabantu ababeyizifiki usolwa uyamzwela ohlanga. Kusukela ngo-1922, kuye lo oculayo wahlala, ngahambisa izincwajana kuso phesheya, yena waba abaphundlwe isihloko Umculi Yabantu okuyiwona.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Ngo 1920-1930, umculi babuka, ukukhuluma yasekhaya hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi repertoire angaphandle. Ngo esibonisa ukuthi le nkathi yokulindela umsebenzi wakhe kufanele bakhombise lapho opera Chaliapin wahlabelela izindima eyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, kuye umqambi French Jules Massenet wabhala opera "Don Quixote." Lo mculi kudlalwa ukuthi indima futhi izinkanyezi ku ifilimu.

Chaliapin wafa ngo-1938 esuka ukugula okungathí sina, wembelwa e-France, kodwa kamuva isidumbu sakhe ziphuthunyiswe ezweni lethu. Ngo-1991, yena waba kwakhe abuyiselwe isihloko Umculi Yabantu.