Kazan neziqhumane Plant: Umlando Ezemfundo

PCF "Kazan neziqhumane ifektri" - yezinkampani ezinkulu ukuzivikela, onguchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa amacala neziqhumane, pyrotechnics kanye neminye imikhiqizo. Ngokuhamba emlandweni weminyaka engu-228 lapho baye bakhipha izigidi zamathani iziqhumane izinjongo ezihlukahlukene.

floatation

With ukuthuthukiswa emazweni waseRussia empumalanga kukhona ukwakhiwa abadinga neziqhumane ifektri eduze namakhasimende ezinkulu: wabahloli, abathengisi, abanikazi okwami. Indawo ekhethiwe ukuze kwakhiwe Kazan, esemgwaqweni maphakathi imizila zasemanzini eliwumhlaba. I Kama izinhlamvu zazidilivwa Urals ke - eSiberia, futhi iVolga - eCaucasus futhi yoLwandle iCaspian.

Kazan neziqhumane ifektri wathola e 1788. Ikhumbula ingozi yomlilo ibhizinisi, umsebenzi ngalo ekuqaleni esiphathiswe abantu abaphethe kanye futhi bakwazi ukusingatha izinhlamvu: amasosha nezikhulu. Kamuva, kwadalulwa ihlelwe isikole ezikhethekile, lapho abantwana bakwa-amasosha aqeqeshiwe izikebhe yingozi. Emhlabeni amahholo akhiwa Powder isiphetho, abasebenzi lapha iziza angawodwa nezezindlu.

Ukusekelwa lawobaba

Kazan neziqhumane ifektri wayematasa yeenkhali, ngawo Russia ecebile emlandweni. Nempi Sweden, Turkey, uNapoleon, Umkhankaso European bafuna ukwanda komkhiqizo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuba nokwandisa ukukhiqiza. Inkampani wakhula, savula isitolo esisha esikhathini esizayo kwenziwa ukuze nezitshalo ujantshi. Phakathi neminyaka engu-100 yokuqala ukusebenza, lesi sitshalo kwaveza 2.000.000 amakhilogremu neziqhumane.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu XIX bullpen labetibambile eziningi ngcono kanye kahle ukukhiqizwa ongenantuthu neziqhumane pyroxylin. Minyaka yonke ibhizinisi ekhiqizwa engakaze yenziwe ukuthi amavolumu isikhathi - kuze kufinyelele 500,000 amakhilogremu.

imikhandlu izwe

Ngemva kulwiwa, izinxushunxushu, le nkampani kancane kancane kuragela. kabusha Active 30s nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni base impahla kanye lobuchwepheshe. Okwesibili Umhlaba Kazan neziqhumane ifektri wahlangana ikhanda ivuliwe. Ammunition siswele. Imini nobusuku, izinsuku eziyisikhombisa abasebenzi ngesonto bakhiqiza neziqhumane edingekayo futhi amacala. Iningi amadoda aya ivikele Motherland, ngoba umshini amathuluzi rose abesifazane kanye nentsha.

Impi wabonisa ukuthi ibutho idinga ukuba nezinhlamvu ephumelela kakhudlwana. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa izingxenye ezintsha, onjiniyela wathatha Special bureau lobuchwepheshe №40. Badale amasampula iziqhumane "wamavukelambuso 'enezici ehlukile sikhathi. Gunners adunyiswe ukukhiqizwa bullpen for nokwethenjelwa eliphezulu kakhulu. I Ukuziqhenya esikhethekile abasebenzi ifektri kwakungamadodana amacala for "Katyusha".

Contemporary

Esikhathini 90, inkampani wayebhekene ukuntula isidingo imikhiqizo. Ukudideka ekuphathweni kwaholela usongo ezikweletini. Ngo-2002, uhulumeni sebenqume ukukhiqizwa. Its Igama zamanje Kazan State yengcebo neziqhumane ifektri atholakala ngo-2002 ngemva kabusha emikhulu. Ngo-2003-ke labelwa njengoba kudingeka 50,000,000th uxhaso avunyelwe ukuze ngikhokhe izikweleti futhi kabusha akusebenzise ordnance ukukhululwa. Namuhla, i-bullpen isitshalo amasu, elise impahla kahulumeni.

izigameko

Eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili kukhiqizwe alufakwa akuyona nje uma eziphuthumayo. Izindaba ezaziwayo imililo, okubangela detonation omkhulu Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe ngo-1830 futhi 1884.

14.08.1917 kuqhubeke, inhlekelele real - ngenxa yomlilo ngokoqobo iqhume yaseKazan neziqhumane endaweni yokukhanda. Umqondisi ULieutenant Gen. Luknitsky, bacishe bayifunda yonke abaphathi, amakhulu abasebenzi embonini, inqwaba izakhamizi babulawa Powder zokuhlala. 10,000 izibhamu kwabhujiswa, izigidi amagobolondo ngomumo eyenziwe. Hlela ukwenziwa ibe azikhohlwe ngokuphelele izono zethu.

3.24.2017, ophethe esitolo №3 liqhuma, bethukile izakhamuzi Kazan. The amalangabi abanolaka and cubes intuthu kungabonwa kuzo zonke izingxenye ezithile zedolobha. Abantu bafa.

sesimanje

Umsizi kwemboni (Kazan) afakwe ohlwini umkhakha ukuzivikela amabhizinisi, ehlelelwe umhla kabusha ukuhlomisa ukukhiqizwa kuze 2020. umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha Kugcine okuphawulekayo bullpen aphethwe eminyakeni lengu 30 leyengca. Umqondisi jikelele Khalil Giniyatov uthi ngo-2020 kuzoba yesimanje, zobuchwepheshe, imboni ephephile ukukhiqizwa ephezulu amandla propellants.

Ngezinye amasayithi eziningana izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo esikhundleni eziningi futhi namakhulu abasebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, iqoqo elisha nitration legatsha ilawula ukusebenza izingxenye eziningana key: isigayo isando (pulverizer cellulose), ogelezayo nokumanzisa ejenti kanye acid-ngezansi 20 we ophendulayo. Ngaphambili, yonke imisebenzi eyingozi eyenziwa ngesandla. Namuhla, umuntu opharetha ukuphepha ephelele uqaphe yonke inqubo ubuchwepheshe ku-computer control panel.

ukukhiqizwa

Kazan neziqhumane ifektri ngenkuthalo usebenza ezimakethe ezifuywayo angaphandle. Uveza amathani 100 izimpushana ngenyanga. Ukukhiqiza inikeza nomholo 2,000.

Ngezinhloso lempi bullpen ukhiqiza:

• powder izinhlobo ezahlukene;
• ukupenda imikhiqizo;
• nitromastiki;
• ezinye izinto chemical lenhlangano zokukhiqiza nezinhlamvu.

Futhi nokobana bullpen imikhiqizo "ngokuthula":

• ukuzingela yezemidlalo cartridges;
• Anodes-isisekelo Ukuvikelwa cathodic of amapayipi komhlaba kanye izakhiwo metal.

Isimo sendawo ukudiliva lisabalele. Lokhu ukuvikela kanye civil izinkampani Russia (ngaya eYoshkar-Ola, Izhevsk, Sarapul, Votkinsk, Klimovsk, Sergiev Posad, Lyubertsy, Khimki, Ekaterinburg, Severouralsk), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Cyprus, Venezuela, India, e-Algeria, e-Uganda nakwamanye amazwe. Ukuze ukukhiqizwa nzile izinga okusezingeni nemikhiqizo ephephile umthengi neziqhumane kwemboni (Kazan) ngo-2012 wayengaphuli ukhishwa nguhulumeni yaseTatarstan indondo eliphezulu kakhulu emncintiswaneni "Quality uMholi".