Kuyini yaseshashalazini. Umlando Theatre Arts

Umlando yobuciko waseshashalazini waqala eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Ake sithi ngaleso sikhathi wanqoba ebugqilini futhi babengenalo imfundo. Kodwa abantu bazi ukuthi esigcawini sokubukela. Ukukhulela okusekujuleni umlando womuntu eside, izimpande zabo, engena izimfihlakalo zasendulo abantu mass zindlela, ukuzijabulisa kanye nemikhosi. Ezivukayo ngesisekelo salokhu ezivamile isenzo eyinhloko yamahlaya kanye nesimo edabukisayo (ezifana Saturnalia, izimfihlakalo) abenokuqukethwe izakhi drama (umklamo basezinganekwaneni) Icebo kuhlanganisiwe umdanso, inkhulumomphendvulwano, iculo choral, mummers, buso. Kancane kancane iphutha nokuhlukaniswa izinyathelo lezisekelo olungokwenkolo, ukungavunyelwa kusuka isixuku izinhlamvu ngoma, ukuguqulela umkhosi mass okuphawulekayo umdlalo ihlelwe. Konke lokhu kwavula indlela ukuvela intandokazi ezifana nazo zonke idrama etemibhalo. Kuphoqelelwe ukukhishwa kwengalo ngetetsamelilwati abadlali wembula umsebenzi zomphakathi ezibalulekile yalesi hlobo lobuciko.

Le nqubo okubekwe ngayo ngokucacile kule yaseshashalazini Ancient Greece, okuyinto lunomthelela omkhulu ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo yobuciko European. Esikhathini lizisho, yena waba inhloko yalawa ukuphila ezibalulekile emphakathini. Uyini yaseshashalazini eGreece yasendulo? Imidwebo babeyizinceku ethandwa umkhosi omkhulu. Ngesikhathi omkhulu, inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini omkhulu ngaphansi esibhakabhakeni evulekile, uya amashumi lonke ezinkulungwane izibukeli ababanjwe. Ngaphezu nabalingisi ekhona professional kungaba ukudlala ngaphandle umbono kanye yizakhamuzi - amalungu choir uqobo. Dance nomculo yayibalulekile, izakhi eyinhloko isenzo.

Uyini yaseshashalazini eRoma yasendulo? Kube athuthukile izikhandle kakhudlwana ekufuneni okuhleliwe yiningi yamakhonsathi, ngisho nokushintsha uhlobo yesehlakalo, kukhuphuke professional imishini yemidlalo, kokuba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ukusebenza (umculo nokudansa umbukwane ngezihloko basezinganekwaneni - ukulingisa, okuyinto kwafinyelela ngenkathi wonke uMbuso okwaduma lisekhona 5 kakhulu. uhlobo ethandwa waseshashalazini).

yaseshashalazini European KweNkathi Ephakathi cishe esaba khona. Uilyam Shekspir kanye bemidlalo ambalwa ekhulwini xv. savuka ke. Khona-ke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, kudlalwa izindima abafana. Umlingisikazi bavela okokuqala troupes ethandwa Italian wabadlali abahambahamba ababedlala ahlekisayo "Injongo arte" (play encane yamahlaya ne iqhaza oyisibopho lo buso ubuningi).

isiko neyobuntu Yenguquko bavuselela isiko art waseshashalazini lasendulo, hlanganisa them isiko ocebile ifa abantu kazwelonke. Esikhathini kudlala ka bemidlalo abadumile kwenkathi wembula umlando ezimpini acute zezombangazwe nezenhlalo.

Ukwanda yamabhayisikobho elihlobene ne yokwanda esebenzayo ye classicism, okuyinto endaweni yomphakathi - ukuhlanganiswa ezinye imibuso absolutist kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. abadlali umsebenzi kwaba ukwakha isithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi hero Onqobayo ezimpini zangaphakathi kanye Izehlakalo dichotomy siqu phakathi nezidingo izithakazelo zomphakathi kanye nezizimele. izinkinga Modern kule nkathi atholwe njengenhlangano uhlamvu abstract futhi emhlabeni abalulekile. Yilokho enkundleni yemidlalo yase-classicism.

Engxenyeni kwekhulu le-18 yesibili, kwaba isetshenziswa eyinhloko imibono nokubusa ngobunxiwankulu okusheshayo Ukukhanyiselwa. Ngo ubuciko nabalingisi wesikhathi yisakhamuzi esihle ngokuphelele kuhlanganiswe nesifiso esinamandla ukudala lephelele entsha, ne nesithakazelo eqinisweni zomlando.

Romanticism baba nezifiso uquqaba yeningi nemibono neyobuntu. Ngaphansi banner ngenkathi kule drama zenzeka umzabalazo ozimisele naye classicism imitative - isizwe, historicism, ubuzwe.

Namaqiniso, okuyinto lalungiselela ethiyetha we Ukukhanyiselwa, bese romanticism, wathenga amafomu ehloniphekile ngekutimela 30-40gg. 19. futhi babesheshe bafike isikhundla eliphakeme evelele by nekhulu.

Esikhathini yaseshashalazini yesimanje ngacula zamagama amafomu amaningi ubuciko, izinkinga zezenhlalo nemizwelo - ukuhlaziywa ezingokwengqondo, ngombono eziphakeme zokuziphatha, isimo esingokomzwelo iyashesha, nokwethenjelwa isipiliyoni elibi nokukhipha inyumbazane, lyrics kanye ukubhinqa. Konke lokhu kuza ku inhlanganisela kwakwakhiwa kakhulu futhi ezingalindelekile. Uyini yaseshashalazini besikhathi sethu? Lena ukuthambekela evelele kuyiwe msebenzi omkhulukazi yezithombe ukulondoloza ezibalulekile indlela kwezobuciko futhi meaningfulness yabo. Namuhla, lolu hlobo lobuciko kuyinto engacabangeki ngaphandle umqondisi. Okunye okuphawulekayo nikulungele design.