Kuyini mitosis nalokho nqubo ithatha indawo prophase ka mitosis?

Kuyini mitosis futhi meiosis futhi lapho isigaba abanakho? Lesi sigaba cell, okuyinto has umehluko othize. Lapho meiosis ezine ezingaphansi kwakhiwa kusuka nucleus umzali lapho inombolo ukuncipha-chromosomes (kabili). Ngezinye mitosis, futhi kwenzeka cell division, kodwa lolu hlobo akhiwa indodakazi amaseli ezimbili kuphela kuma-chromosome efanayo nabazali.

Ngakho uyini mitosis futhi meiosis? Lesi sigaba of izinqubo begazi, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho amaseli akhiwa ne-chromosomes ezithile. Ukuveza nge mitosis kwenzeka eziphilayo ezinamangqamuzana amaningi, eziyinkimbinkimbi ephilayo eziphilayo.

esigabeni

Mitosis senzeka ngezigaba ezimbili:

1. Doubling ulwazi ezakhini zofuzo. Lapha umama amaseli oluhlukaniswe phakathi ukwaziswa kwezakhi zofuzo. Kulesi sigaba, chromosome kwashintsha.
2. isigaba Mitotic. Siqukethe ngezikhathi.

Kwamangqamuzana nokwakheka kwamanye ingaphazamiseki Kwenzeka ngezigaba eziningana.

isigaba

Mitosis ihlukaniswe izigaba eziningana:

• telophase;
• anaphase;
• metaphase;
• prophase.

Lezi zigaba zenzeka ukulandelana ezithile futhi babe nezici zabo.

Kunoma mitosis eziyinkimbinkimbi multi-yeselula ngokuvamile kuhilela cell division yohlobo undifferentiated. Ngezinye mitosis iseli umzali iyahlukana ukuze ingane, ngokuvamile bobabili. Omunye wabo uba stem futhi uyaqhubeka ukwahlukana, kanti eyesibili stop kuhlukane.

interphase

Interphase - isilungiselela iseli ngokwahlukana. Ngokuvamile, lesi sinyathelo wabe amahora amabili. Ngalesi sikhathi, yiyo eningi izinqubo ezahlukene, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho maseli uzilungiselele mitosis.

Phakathi nale nkathi is a division of amaprotheni, organelles lemali ukwenyuka isakhiwo DNA. Ekupheleni kuka-division of molecule zofuzo kabili, futhi inani lezakhi zofuzo aliguquki. DNA ezifanako poro spliced futhi chromatids amabili kwelinye-molecule. chromatids Kwakheka ayafana futhi udade.

Ngemva kokuphothulwa interphase ka mitosis iqala empeleni. Siqukethe prophase, metaphase, anaphase futhi telophase.

prophase

Isigaba sokuqala mitosis - prophase ke. Uthatha isikhathi esingangehora. It is evamile ihlukaniswe izigaba eziningana. Ngesikhathi sigaba sokuqala prophase ka mitosis nucleolus luyanda, ngenxa okuyinto amangqamuzana akhiwa. Lwathi luphela esigabeni, chromosome ngayinye yakhiwa chromatids ababili kakade naye. Nucleoli kanye ulwelwesi yenuzi ziyoncibilika, zonke izinto ezingumsuka yezinyoni libheke phezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakheka prophase ka mitosis is achromatin division ingxenye lokuluhlaza sidlula yonke cell, futhi abanye uxhumeke kwi-izakhi emaphakathi. Kule nqubo, okuqukethwe isimiso sezakhi zofuzo uhlala ingashintshiwe.

Inani lezakhi zofuzo ku prophase ka mitosis akashintshi. Kwenzekani okwengeziwe? Esikhathini prophase ka mitosis kwenzeka nokwahlukana imvilophu zenuzi, okwaphumela Kuvunguza Ama-chromosomes e avele cytoplasm. Izinhlayiyana of imvilophi zenuzi isihlakazeka yakha vesicles ezincane ulwelwesi.

Esikhathini prophase ka mitosis, okulandelayo kwenzeka: iseli isilwane iba nxazonke, kodwa akashintshi ukuma izitshalo.

metaphase

Ngemva prophase metaphase iqala. Esigabeni lesi, ama-chromosome Helix ifinyelela isiqongo sayo. Ama-chromosomes e Efinqiwe baqala ukuthuthela maphakathi esitokisini. Ngesikhathi sokuhambisa, basuke ibekwe ngokulinganayo nhlangothi zombili. Kukhona eyakheke metaphase ipuleti. Uma sicabanga amaseli ngokucacile chromosome ebonakalayo. Kungenxa metaphase ba kulula ukubala.

Ngemva kumiswa metaphase Ama-chromosomes e isethi cwaningo, ethize nohlobo cell. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-ekuvimbeni Ama-chromosomes e usebenzisa alkaloids.

Zonke izinto eziphilayo has iqoqo layo kuma-chromosome. Ngokwesibonelo, abo 20 corn kanye strawberry engadini - 56. Ngo umzimba womuntu Ama-chromosomes e esingaphansi amajikijolo, zonke 46.

anaphase

Zonke izinqubo prophase ka mitosis iphela futhi iqala anaphase. Kule nqubo, wonke ukuxhumana abaphukile chromosome futhi baqala ukuthuthela e izinhlangothi eziphikisanayo nomunye. Ngo ahlobene anaphase Ama-chromosomes e ukuzibusa. Bangena ezihlukahlukene amaseli.

Isigaba diverging kuphelile ukuba izigxobo chromatids amaseli. Futhi lapha ukusatshalaliswa ukwaziswa kwezakhi zofuzo phakathi ezingaphansi futhi iseli umzali.

telophase

Ngokuvamile ama-chromosome zitholakala kuma-pole. Ngaphansi kwe-microscope, ziba nzima ukubona ngoba kwakheka igobolondo core is elibazungezile. Uthi lokuphotha libhujiswa ngokuphelele.

Ngo izitshalo, akha ulwelwesi is maphakathi iseli embula kancane kancane ukuba izingongolo. Nanguya iseli umama ihlukane izingxenye ezimbili. Uma ulwelwesi Simila ngokugcwele, kukhona udonga cellulose.

Izici mitosis

Cell division can I amabhuleki ngenxa okushisa aphakeme, ukuchayeka ezintweni ezinobuthi, emisebeni. Phakathi nesifundo lamaseli mitotic e eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene ezinamangqamuzana amaningi angasetshenziswa ubuthi ukuthi zivimbela mitosis at esiteji metaphase. Lokhu kuvumela ukutadishwa wama-chromosomes, baphathe kariotopirovanie.

Mitosis kuThebula

Sibheka izigaba cell division ethebuleni elingezansi.

Lwe-mitosis izinyathelo futhi kungabonakala etafuleni.

Mitosis e izilwane kanye nezitshalo

Izici yale nqubo lingachazwa kuthebula yokuqhathanisa.

Ngakho, sixoxe inqubo cell division e isilwane eziphilayo futhi izitshalo, kanye izici balungise nezingxabano abanazo.