Kuyini isiphawulo? Isiphawulo njengengxenye yokukhuluma

Impela bonke abafundi bazi lokho isiphawulo. Kodwa abantu abaningi abadala kungenzeka at ukulahlekelwa ukuphendula lo mbuzo. Nge ngisho izinto eziyisisekelo kakhulu ukhohlwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kukuyiphi amamaki esikoleni isiphawulo wafunda ngokuningiliziwe? grade 4, 5, 6 ... Kuyoze edlule kwaba! Sinikeza ukuze ubuyele minyaka yokuqala, futhi ukuze uvuselele inkumbulo.

Independent tenkhulumo

Isiphawulo ezimpendulweni Russian imibuzo "kanjani", "lokho", "indlela", "yini", "ontando yakhe", "umuntu", "ontando yakhe", "ontando yakhe" futhi libhekisela ithegi into. Ishintshe by izinombolo, lokuzalwa, icala, ungaba ifomu. Ngokuvamile buvela imisho definition, kodwa kungenzeka indima isilandiso.

esithweni

Isiphawulo njengoba tenkhulumo kuyinto EsiZulwini asinayo sici morphological eyodwa kuphela - kulesi sigaba. Ukunikeza izinga, ukulawula abanye, isihlobo amayunithi namalimi wemiphakathi. Thina uzokutshela mayelana esigabeni ngasinye ngokuningiliziwe.

tiphawulo qualitative

igama osenyameni ezinjalo kuphendula umbuzo "kanjani", "lokho", "indlela", "yini" bese kuqokwa uphawu okungaletha Ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane. tiphawulo qualitative bavame ukuya kahle tandziso "kakhulu", "kakhulu" futhi omqondofana zabo, isibonelo, kuyinto enhle kakhulu, ezinkulu kakhulu, sihlakaniphe kakhulu.

Kula mazwi ngokuphinda kwakwakhe tiphawulo zingase zimiswe, isibonelo, enkulu, enkulu, ezihlwabusayo, okumnandi. Kungenzeka futhi ukunamathisela ligama sicalo futhi wamukele engeke okuholela isiphawulo cognate, isib, ethafeni, ehlakaniphile. Ngokuvamile, eliphezulu kwesakhiwo amayunithi ngokolimi kukhona bomcondvophika (okusezingeni eliphezulu - ongaphakeme), futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho spook (elikhulu - omkhulu). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi hhayi wonke amagama zivumelana kulezi zici, kukhona labo angahlangabezani nalezi zindlela.

uhlobo amazwi

I engavamile tiphawulo qualitative liqukethe yokuthi abaningi kubo ifomu ephelele sikubeke, isibonelo, i-smart - smart, okumnandi - esihlwabusayo. Kuleli fomu iDemo akusho bayichezukisa, kanye Imininingwane inqatshelwe kunjalo, ubulili, inombolo. Ngokuvamile imisho emifushane ayiziphawulo isilandiso negcwele - ukuzimisela. Amanye amagama ungenalo ifomu iDemo, isibonelo, razlyubezny, friendly, kuyilapho abanye abanayo ngokugcwele, isibonelo, kakhulu, iyalidinga, kufanele, ngiyajabula.

lamadigri ukuqhathanisa

Indaba ukuthi isiphawulo ngeke ibe ephelele uma ungenawo kuthinte isici okufana le ngxenye inkulumo, degree of ukuqhathanisa. Ngena ahlukile izinga emayunithi elulwimi. Kukhona degrees yokuqhathanisa emithathu:

1) omuhle, okubonisa ukuthi into noma iqembu lezinto babe ezinye izici ezivamile ezifana imbali enhle;

2) Ukuqhathanisa okubonisa ukuthi isici esithile kwelinye into noma iqembu lezinto uzwakalise eningi ezingaphezu kuka eyomunye (s), isibonelo, Wolf mkhulu kunezinhliziyo unogwaja, noma ngendaba efanayo (ngendaba efanayo), kodwa Ngezinye izikhathi, isib, esikhathini esizayo kuyoba nohlakaniphe kakhulu;

3) kakhulu, okubonisa ukuthi into noma usethe lezinto babe ezinye izici ezivamile ngokwezinga elikhulu kunawo wonke amanye izinto kusukela iqembu elifanayo, isibonelo, udokotela umhlabeleli esibhedlela, umdlali esinamandla iqembu.

ifomu Isiphawulo ngezinga ngokuqhathanisa kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa amazwi lolwengetiwe, kwenta sibonelo, amahle kakhulu futhi ephakeme. Kulokhu, ingxenye yokukhuluma iba ingxenye, noma, njengoba besho, ifomu kohlaziyo. Lapho uqhathanisa ezingeni wazwakalisa izwi elilodwa kuphela, ifomu ebizwa elula noma zokwenziwa. Kufanele agxile eqinisweni ukuthi lokuphuma phambili okumisiwe ngokuqhathanisa izikhuliso bangase bangabi nakho konke tichasiso. Ngokusho, isigaba non-izinga, izici ezinjalo azibona esingokwemvelo.

tiphawulo isihlobo

Lokhu amayunithi ngokolimi, esewuphendula "kabani '' ogama '' ogama '' umuntu 'futhi zimise uphawu ukuthi Ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane, akunakwenzeka. Babonisa isihloko ezihlobene nobe esifundvweni lesitsite (emnyango), impahla (ukuwasha powder) nendaba (ingilazi vase), indawo (enkantolo eMoscow) ukuze isikhathi (Okthoba usuku), nesilinganiso iyunithi (ezintathu storey indlu, ingane eneminyaka eyisikhombisa, iphawundi iphakethe), njalo njalo. tiphawulo okunjalo akukwazi kuhlangene tandziso "kakhulu", "kakhulu" futhi omqondofana zabo, akudingeki emfushane ifomu degrees yokuqhathanisa. Futhi ungalilahli bomcondvophika.

tiphawulo sebuniyo

La mazwi ukuphendula imibuzo "kabani '' ogama '' ogama '' umuntu ', futhi ukumela into ethile ngeyomuntu noma izidalwa eziphilayo, isibonelo, kadade, kababa, impungushe. Lezi amayunithi ngokolimi kanye esimweni sangaphambilini, inamazinga ahlukahlukene ukuqhathanisa, bomcondvophika, ifomu iDemo, ayikwazi kuhlangene tandziso "kakhulu", "kakhulu" futhi omqondofana yabo.

umngcele esithweni

Ukulanda yini i isiphawulo, kuyafaneleka esinye isici. Iqiniso ukuthi lucebe futhi lwetakhi telulwimi izwi imingcele titfo tenkhulumo kukhona mobile kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngesinye isikhathi kunzima ukunquma isigaba esifanele. Ngakho, ukulawula abanye, tiphawulo isihlobo kalula kungathatha ukubaluleka qualitative. Ngokwesibonelo, inkulumo ethi "inja isidladla", igama elithi "inja" kuyinto isiphawulo sebuniyo ethi "inja iphakethe" - isihlobo, njengoba ethi "ukuphila inja" - izinga.

izinhlobo Nokwehla

Amagama ezihlobene Ukucabangela umbuzo sikwazi ukuncika kunjalo, inombolo, futhi sisebunyeni futhi ikhefu. Lokhu akusebenzi ukuba ukuqhathanisa isiphawulo degree kanye tiphawulo sikubeke azithambekele. Kukhona inani elithile amazwi indeclinable, isibonelo, jackets beige.

Case, inombolo, tiphawulo ubulili incike kulezi zici efanayo ngaphandle kwekwenta lapho uyavuma. Kuye substrate, kukhona ezintathu okuhlukile Nokwehla:

• okuqinile: ezimhlophe, emhlophe, emhlophe ;
• soft: ebusika, ebusika, ehlobo;
• Ezixutshiwe: kwakubi, kwaze kwakubi, kwaze kwakubi.

bheke

Isiphawulo njengengxenye yokukhuluma zingase zimiswe ngetindlela letehlukene:

• izingxenyekazi: kwenjabulo - ongenayo injabulo;
• suffixed: ixhaphozi - marsh;
• izingxenyekazi-suffixed: umhlaba - komhlaba;
• Compounding elisekela ezimbili: ngemibala emithathu - Tri-umbala, kanye pink okhanyayo - okhanyayo pink;
• slozhnosuffiksalnym: Flax imbewu + yokuhlanza - lnosemyaochistitelny.

ukuhlaziywa morphological

Esikoleni kaningi izifundo othisha isiRashiya ukunikeza izingane umsebenzi ukwenza ukuhlaziya morphological amazwi okuqondene elilodwa noma kwenye tenkhulumo. Indlela yokwenza ukuhlaziywa isiphawulo? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka sithole izici ezilandelayo iyunithi Ulimi:

1. incazelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi.
2. ifomu sokuqala, okungukuthi uhlobo ubulili bendoda, nominative, ubunye. Ngokwesibonelo, Isiphawulo esithi "okubi" iyindlela sokuqala elithi "kuhle."
3. izimpawu unomphela. Njengoba usayikhumbula, eyodwa kuphela phawu - zichithe. Isiphawulo esithi "okubi" luyimfanelo.
4. izici Irregular: umumo (iDemo / ephelele), degree of ukuqhathanisa (ukuqhathanisa / omuhle / kakhulu), ubulili, inombolo yecala. Eyokuqala zindlela ezimbili (ifomu kanye degree of ukuqhathanisa) zibhekene ngqo tiphawulo qualitative. Ngokwesibonelo, Ngokuhlaziya kwethu leli gama elithi "okubi" laliyokwakhiwa: isetshenziswa iyunifomu egcwele, degree omuhle lokumadanisa genitive wesilisa elisebunyeni.
5. indima Syntactic: isilandiso noma isinqumo sakhe. Esimweni sethu, labo Isiphawulo "okubi" iyona ncazelo.

Inguquko kuya kwezinye izingxenye inkulumo

Emkhakheni tiphawulo ngokuvamile udlulisa isakramente nezabizwana. Ngokwesibonelo, umculi kusuka kuye akukho. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, tichasiso kungaba substantivised esigabeni amabizo, isibonelo, ibutho lezempi, Russian.

Izici yalesi tenkhulumo ngezinye izilimi

Sethemba, sibonga ku-athikili sakwazi ukukhumbula lokho isiphawulo. Kuthiwa hhayi zonke izici esivela kule ngxenye inkulumo ngolimi isiRashiya, zizokwenzeka nezinye izinhlelo zolimi. Ngokwesibonelo, tichasiso ngolimi lwesiNgisi ngenani kanye icala azishintshiwe, French - hhayi ukuncika izimo, kodwa ziyashiyana izinombolo. Ngo tiphawulo Japanese ngokuvamile ezingeguquleke, banayo isikhathi ukunquma inkulumo benomusa. Ngo-Spanish isiPutukezi kanye siphawulo abaningi abanayo besilisa ukuma njengabesifazane jikelele, kanti abanye ayahluka ubulili kanye nenombolo. Yilokho yindlela akulula ne kuleyo ngxenye umbuzo!

Manje ungakwazi ukutshela konke mayelana tichasiso. Yiqiniso, siye sacabangela akubona bonke izici tenkhulumo, futhi nomthelela izici eziyisisekelo. Kodwa lokhu kwanele sokuthuthukiswa jikelele.