Kungakhathaliseki bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngenxa yokungakhokhi inhlawulo laqanjwa? Umthetho omusha ku bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngenxa yokungakhokhi inhlawulo

Ngokwezibalo, in the Russian Federation, kunezinguqulo ezingaba ngu-37% wabantu abakweletayo abashayeli. Kuyinto ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 450 izakhamuzi. Ake ubone ukuthi phezu bill, okusho bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngokwehluleka ukukhokha inhlawulo.

mayelana bill

Namuhla, ngokusho izibalo, boke abahlali wesithathu Russian Federation babe izincwadi zokushayela. Ngaphezu isitifiketi, kukhona izakhamuzi eziningi izikweletu. kungakhathaliseki bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngenxa yokungakhokhi inhlawulo laqanjwa? Kuleso simo, uma izikweletu ingakhokhwa phakathi kwesikhathi kusukela ngoJanuwari 15, 2016 iningi abanamacala anesizathu ithuba ukuhlala ngaphandle kwelayisensi, ngokuqondene ukusayinwa bill № 661379-6. Siyabonga kuye, izinhlawulo obuqinile kakhulu abashayeli ngaphandle kwelayisensi. Ngokwe-State Duma kwamaphini, umthethosivivinywa omusha kuyoba nesandla ekukhuleni isikweletu ukubuyiswa kwemali.

Phuma uma ilayisensi yokushayela ngokwehluleka ukukhokha nesondlo?

Okthoba 17, 2015 uhulumeni waseRussia ngemvume isimemezelo № 661379-6 «On isingeniso izinguquko kulesi simemezelo kazwelonke" Ngo Inqubo Administrative "futhi izenzo ngazinye Russia". Kule ndaba, esimweni yokungakhokhi we esihle futhi esivelele ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso izikweletu esingeqile ruble ayizigidi eziyishumi, okweletayo ziyolahlekelwa ilayisensi yokutjhayela. Lokhu kumayelana izimoto hhayi kuphela, kodwa yathinta nayo yonke ezinye izindlela zezokuthutha.

Nge umthethosivivinywa omusha, bailiffs litigatory asuse amalungelo abanamacala e ukubuyiswa kwemali of kufika ngokuphelele ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso izikweletu. Bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngokwehluleka ukukhokha amathikithi omgwaqo kuyoba ezingavamile kakhulu ngoba iningi sum yabo ingeqi kombundu ubuncane Bill. Nge nezinye izinhlobo isimo izikweletu ihlukile, njengoba kunjalo ngokuvamile iningi izinhlawulo ngenxa yokungakhokhi ka ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso, ukubolekisa kanye nezinsiza zomphakathi akha isamba kunalokho enkulu. Umthetho bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngenxa yokungakhokhi inhlawulo Kwakuyohlanganisani nokuchibiyela imithetho yombuso kanye nezinye izenzo normative.

Imigomo kwezincwadi ilayisensi yokushayela

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, isici esiyinhloko kwezincwadi zokushayela - nesikweletu ukuthi idlula isamba ruble ayizigidi eziyishumi. Wenza okuhlukile kungaba kuphela icala uma umuntu akanayo isizumbulu semali ngesikhathi esithile ngesizathu esihle. Uma kuqhamuka khona yokungakhokhi kwaba isimo esinzima kunjalo kuzoxoxwa ngamunye. Kulokhu, kukhona ithuba lokuthi amalungelo baqhubeke besebenzela amakhosi abo.

Izakhamizi, okuyinto, ngokusho umthethosivivinywa, awukwazi ukuphuca amalungelo

Akuwona wonke umuntu angathatha ngamalungelo. Kukhona isigaba sabantu engibathandayo okukhishiwe ezingavamile anikezwa. amalungelo Ngasekuqaleni kungukuthi inqatshelwe uma umuntu owenze engakhokhi izinhlawulo ezivelele futhi ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso. Ngokomthetho entsha, okweletayo ayikwazi bancishwa ilayisense yokushayela, uma:

• Inani of nesondlo eqoqwe futhi nenhlawulo - esingaphansi ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi.
• ilayisense yokushayela - ungumthombo oyinhloko wemali we ohlulekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma engumuntu umshayeli wetekisi.
• Esikhathini isiphetho, lapho umkweleti uhlala, ezintweni zokuhamba zomphakathi kwenza ukuthuthwa izakhamuzi ngendlela engavamile.
• Umuntu kubhekwa ekhubazekile, wahlonishwa imodi ethile komthetho.
• On wo hlinzeka uhlala isakhamuzi neyemukelwe njengoba ngokomthetho ayivumelekile isigaba esikhulu noma lesibili.
• Unikezwa ithuba angabuyisela izikweletu by izitolimende. Esimweni esinjalo njalo idokhumenti okufakazela ke.

Yini okumelwe uyenze?

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi wonke umuntu nesithakazelo algorithm okweletayo sika yezenzo okuyiwona bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngenxa yokungakhokhi inhlawulo ayikwazi ababulawa ngenxa yezizathu onohlonze. Ake sibheke kabanzi, ukuthi benzeni ohlulekayo Esimweni esinjalo.

Kweleti iwela omunye walabo izigaba, okuyinto sishilo ngaphambili, into yokuqala okudingeka afakazela lokho. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu okhubazekile liyadingeka ukunikeza isitifiketi eqinisekisiwe ngokusemthethweni bebancane yakhe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dala isikhalo esibhaliwe ne amakhophi kwasayinwa kwemibhalo ukuthi uqinisekise ukungakwazi ukukhokha. Siphakamisa ukuthi ubhale isikhalazo ku amakhophi amabili: eyodwa for inkantolo futhi omunye ngokwakho uma ukulahlekelwa okokuqala.

Ukumiswa kwelayisensi ukushayela

Yokutholwa isimemezelo kakhulu yandisa amandla bailiffs litigatory ngangokunokwenzeka ngokwa noma ephathelene nesicelo sommangali ngenxa yokungakhokhi izikweletu ukuze wenze isinqumo izivimbelo ukusetshenziswa by deadbeat komgwaqo. Nokho, lokhu kungase kube njalo kuphela uma okweletayo phambi nganikela ukukhokha izikweletu. Ekwenzeni i-oda umahluleli iphoqelekile ukuba inikeze incazelo okweletayo mayelana nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi kanye umbiko yemfanelo abaphathi esizayo. Lesi senzo is izibophezele litigatory abaphezulu iphoyisa, futhi kuye kwanyatheliswa amakhophi ngosuku olufanayo imelwe kummangali, okweletayo kanye Ministry of amaphoyisa omgwaqo enombono wokwenza umkhawulo ezidingekayo ku database.

Uma isenzo akubhekwa isixazululo litigatory noma ikhishwe, ngaphandle ebhekisela kulo, sekomiti yokwahlulela emigomeni esilinganayo claimer inelungelo ukufaka isicelo ukuhoxiswa ilayisense yokushayela we ohlulekayo ukukhokha izikweletu. Ngemva ilayisensi ukumiswa izinsuku ezinhlanu, okweletayo ubophekile ukuba lidele amalungelo abo. Uma imithi yabo sisuke ngesikhathi esinikeziwe kungaqali, khona-ke unelungelo ukudweba ukuze bemangalelwa ngamacala obugebengu. Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi alubuqedi buyiselo izikweletu.

Ukwehluleka ukukhokha inhlawulo

Ngokuqinisekile okweletayo ngamunye sizibuza ukuthi isongela yokungakhokhi of inhlawulo divestment. ukubuyiswa kwemali Late izikweletu - ubugebengu ukuthi, ngokuvumelana nomthetho Russian, waquliswa icala nesijeziso zokuphatha. Uma esikhathini esithile yokutakula ingakakhokhwa, isivele ngosuku olulandelayo, umshayeli angatjhutjhiswa ngumuntu emihle noma ukuboshwa kuze kufike izinsuku ezingu-15. Libuye isijeziso kungenzeka efomini yokufeza inkonzo yomphakathi. Ngokuvamile ezimweni ezinjalo iqondiswa kusukela amahora 50 yezimayini. Manje wazi kahle ukuthi isongela yokungakhokhi lokukhokha inhlawulo divestment. Uma otsizheno izinsuku ezingu-15 noma saveza inombolo ethile amahora, okweletayo namanje ukuba ikhokhe izikweleti zazo. Sincoma kakhulu ukuthi wena njalo ukhokhe imvume ingajezisa ngesikhathi.

Lo mthethosivivinywa kwamanye amazwe

Ngaphambi kumiswa umthethosivivinywa, okusho bokuhlukaniswa izincwadi zokushayela ngokwehluleka ukukhokha inhlawulo, Russian Federation, amasekela ahlolwe futhi ihlaziye isipiliyoni emazweni angaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Great Britain wadala isikhungo ezikhethekile okhuluma nezinhlawulo izingane. Inhlangano uthola defaulters futhi uqaphe senkokhelo izikweletu ngaphansi ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso. Yezefundo Ubuye ilungelo lokwenza isicelo esibhaliwe inkantolo ukuba bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngokwehluleka ukukhokha inhlawulo.

Kwa-Israyeli, kanye WaseRussia, ukushayela ukuvinjelwa ngenxa yokungakhokhi inhlawulo asikwazi ukwenziwa uma umuntu okhubazekile noma isihlobo sakhe. Lokhu kusebenza futhi labo uthole ngokusebenzisa izitifiketi. E-US, i-bill kusebenza esebenzayo, okuyinto sihlinzekela ukumiswa kwelayisensi yokushayela.

Nokho, kumele kugcizelelwe ukuthi kuzo zonke izifunda kwentelwa kutsi letichibiyelo yandiswe kwalesi simemezelo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesi sikweletu, okusho bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngokwehluleka ukukhokha inhlawulo, nesondlo, futhi iyasebenza emazweni angomakhelwane we Russian Federation. Ngokwesibonelo, e Belarus kusukela 2012 usebenza isimemezelo phezu umkhawukho wesikhathi elisheshayo ukulawula iloli kuze kuphele iminyaka emihlanu uma izikweletu, futhi Kazakhstan kukhona kuvinjelwe Ukukhishwa amalayisensi kusukela ngo-2010. Isebenta kuze ulindele ukubuyiselwa yona iphelele we ohlulekayo izikweletu.

Ukuze lokho kungase kuthathe izincwadi zokushayela?

Bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo ngenxa yokungakhokhi inhlawulo tingentiwa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

1. Uma isakhamuzi engakhokhi nesondlo, kanye isikweleti idlula ayizinkulungwane 10.
2. Lapho kubalulekile ukuba akhokhe imali ukuze impilo umonakalo yomunye.
3. Uma isakhamuzi iye yabangela impahla noma umonakalo zokuziphatha kunoma ubani.
4. Lapho isakhamuzi has izikweletu Tinsita inhlawulo.

izibalo

Ngonyaka odlule, ucwaningo lwezenhlalo lwenziwe emizini Russian Federation. Umgomo wakhe - ukucacisa ngobudlelwane lezakhamuzi umthethosivivinywa omusha. Ngokwezibalo, 53% womphakathi Asisekeli ngesinqumo sesiKhulu Duma State. Baningi abantu bakholelwa ukuthi lo mthethosivivinywa ngeke kusize ukunciphisa inani abakweletayo. Futhi, umbono wabo, lo myalo ikakhulukazi eyenzelwe ingxenye labantu ukuthi uhlala losemkhatsini noma ongaphakeme, ngoba ezinye singavumelana nalowo mahluleli ukuba "ngamunye".

47% abantu bakuleli batholakale ezasekela bill bakholelwa ukuthi zizosiza emuva zonke izikweletu futhi ngeke abasindise. Into kuphela ukuthi onemibuzo kuyinto: uzobuya ngakwesokudla ngemva sokukhokhwa kwesikweletu? Ngesikhashana nje, uhulumeni waseRussia uthembisa ukucacisa umthetho futhi balisebenzise ngokugcwele.

Kufinyeta

Kule minyaka embalwa edlule ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa sihloko 67 zoMthetho Federal "Ngo Inqubo Administrative", okuyinto unqabela non-payers phesheya. Kuphela onyakeni owawandulele, ngokusho izibalo ezikhishwe ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 300. Oda. Basitshela ukuthi abashayeli nge izikweletu. Kuwo lo nyaka, okungezona payers usukhokhe kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane nengxenye ruble. Kule ndaba, kumelwe kuqashelwe ukuthi cishe wathola oda limise ilayisensi yokushayela, yebo, kuyoba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu.