Karnika, izinyosi: izici zohlobo

I-Karnika (i-Krajina bee) iyinzalo ekhiqizayo kakhulu, ethandwa kakhulu ngabalimi bezinyosi baseYurophu. Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwesiqu kanye nezinkomba eziphezulu zokuqoqwa kwezinyosi, le nhlobo ibuye ihlonishwe eRussia. I-landland karniki yi-Alps yase-Austria neYugoslavia. Ngokusho kwabaningi bezinyosi bezinyosi, ngezici lezi zihlukahlukene zihlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zezinyosi zaseCarcasian zaseCarpathian naseGrey.

Uhlobo lwezinyosi ze-carnica nezici zazo ngokubukeka

Esinye sezici ezihlukile zezinyosi zaseKrajina ukubonakala okungavamile kakhulu. I-Karnika ayinayo iphuzi, njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi, umbala, kodwa i-gray nge-inclusions yesi-silvery. Umngcele ngamunye walezi zinambuzane ubukhulu kakhulu, futhi izinwele ngokwazo zifushane. Ngenxa yalokho, izinyosi zibukeka zilukhuni.

Ubukhulu balobu buhlobo abukhulu kakhulu. Insect esebenzayo isisindo esingaba ngu-105 amagremu, i-drone ingama-230 g. Isibeletho sezinyosi ze- carnica sincane kakhulu - kufika ku-185-205 g. Ubude bezinambuzane ezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene lezi zinhlobo ngu-6.4-6.8 mm. Ngabantu ngabanye, le nkhomba ingakwazi ukufinyelela ku-8 mm. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-carnica. Ezweni lakithi, iningi lezinyosi ze-krai zasePoland ziyadalwa.

Ukukhiqizwa kohlobo

I-Karnika iyinyosi, efanelwe ukuthandwa phakathi kwabaningi bezinyosi ngokuyinhloko ngama-indices aphezulu ekuqoqweni kwezinyosi. Kule ndaba, lo mhlobo uphakeme kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi. Ngosuku olulodwa umndeni ungaqoqa kuze kube ngu-6-15 kg uju.

Futhi inzuzo yalesi sizwe yikhono lokungaphumeleli emkhiqizweni ngisho nakubuthakathaka obuthakathaka kakhulu. Inzuzo enhle yalezo zindawo zezinyosi lapho i-carnica ihlolwe khona futhi ichazwa ukuthi lezizinyosi zithengisa ngokwedlulele ngokwemali yokuchitha izimali ngesikhathi sasebusika. I-fecundity esiphezulu kwesibeletho salolu hlobo ngamaqanda angu-1400-2000 ngonyaka. Lokhu empeleni yisikhombisa esihle kakhulu. Ikhono lokukhulisa inani elikhulu lama-broods lingenza ngcono kakhulu inzuzo yepulazi.

Izici zokuziphatha

I-Cinnamon - inzalo yezinyosi inobungane futhi ilula. On izilwane noma abantu ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo, lezi zinambuzane azihlaseli. Umlimi wezinyosi angavula ngokukhululekile isidleke futhi enze konke okudingekayo. Izinyosi ngesikhathi esifanayo azibonisi noma yikuphi ukuhlukumezeka futhi ziqala ukugijima ngokusemthethweni kwi-honeycombs.

Izinzuzo kanye nokuziqhenya kohlobo

Ukwehluleka okuthile kohlobo ukuthambekela kokuthutha. Kulokhu, i-karnik ifana nezinyosi ze-bacchist. Kodwa-ke, ngokunakekelwa okufanele nakubatheli abacebile abaju, lokhu kuntuleka akubonakali ngokwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinyathelo ezifike ngesikhathi, lezi zinyosi ziyadlula ngokushesha kusukela kwesibhamu kuya esimweni sokusebenza.

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zohlobo lwezinyosi, abaningi bezinyosi bezinyosi zihlanganisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikhono lokuqondisa kahle emkhathini. Izinyosi ezivela kwamanye amazwe nezinyosi zazo azikaze zidideke. Ungafani, futhi vorovitostyu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinyosi zenyama zingakwazi ukuvikela izidleke zazo.

Izici zeqoqo lezinyosi

I-Karnika - izinyosi, okukhiqizwa kwayo kuhle kakhulu, imiphumela emihle iboniswa ekuqaleni kwezifumbathiso. Okusho ukuthi, baqoqa uju kakhulu entwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinambuzane zikwazi ukusebenza ngokushisa kwama-10-12 degrees. Lolu hlobo alunamathele kakhulu kubantu ababi kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibuye idlula kalula ukusuka kokubi kuya kokuhle ngesikhathi sokuqala. Imiphumela engcono kakhulu yezinyosi ze-Krajina zibonisa nge-clover ebomvu. Kodwa nakwabanye abaqoqi bezinyosi bayakwazi ukufakazela ukuthi baphezulu. Ehlobo, esimweni esibi sezulu, izinambuzane azikwazi ukuphuma emcimbini.

Ekuqaleni, i-carnica igcwalisa ingxenye yengane yomsila uju. Khona-ke izinambuzane ziya esitolo. Ubusi-ukunyatheliswa kwalezizinyosi ngokuvamile kumile futhi kulula.

Ngezinye izikhathi abafuyi bezinyosi banesithakazelo kulokho inyosi engcono - i-carpathian noma inyama. Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo. Izinkomba zomsebenzi zombili lezi zinhlobo zilingana. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wokuqoqa we-carpathian, ngokungafani ne-carnica, othanda "ukusebenzela" ingxenye enkulu entwasahlobo, kuncike esikhathini sokuvuna kwezitshalo ezinhle zesikhathi esifudumele. Ngakho-ke, ukufuna ukukhiqiza ukuhlukahluka okukhethekile kunqunywa kuphela yizici zemvelo zendawo ethile.

Ukubanjwa kwezinyosi

I-Karnika iyizinhlobo zezinyosi, ezikwazi ukuthwala ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngokwakho kuhlanganise nokushisa okuphansi. Esilinganisweni sokumelana nomkhuhlane, kuwukuphela komncane kakhulu kunezinga elihlala phambili kulolu hlelo lwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zaseRashiya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iCaucasus ngokwezinkomba zobunzima bebusika liphakeme kakhulu.

Kuzici zobunyosi, abafuyi bezinyosi kuze kube yamuva bahlanganisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-spasmodic. Ukuzalwa kobuKrainian emindenini ehluleka kakhulu kunqanyelwe. Ekulondolozeni izinyosi zasebusika zinama-6-9 aphelele. Lesi sici ngokuyinhloko kubangelwa ukuthi abakhiqizi bezinyosi eJalimane nase-Austria, amazwe lapho i-krainka ethandwa kakhulu, isikhathi eside sikhiqizwa lezi zilwane ezincane ezincane ezinezikhumba ezivela ngemuva. Kodwa kusukela manje okukhethekile okugcinwa eYurophu sekuqale ukunikeza izandiso ezikhethekile, okuvumela ukuba kwandiswe ama-hives ngokungafani nanoma yisiphi isayizi, imigqa yalezi zinyosi ivele, kubusika ngemindeni eqinile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuyinhloko, ukuzalwa akushintshi nhlobo, kodwa kunalokho, kufinyelela esimweni sayo sokuqala. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaleyo ndlela lezi zinyosi zishaywa umoya ngesikhathi esisodwa eHungary naseRomania.

Ukuphikiswa kwezifo

Ngabanikazi bezifo ezihlukahlukene zezifo zezinyosi, okukhethekile ekuhlaleni lolu hlobo lwezinyosi, umzabalazo awunqabile kakhulu. I-Cornice - inyosi inqabile kakhulu kokubili ukubola kanye ne-nosematosis. Kule ndaba, akusiphansi ngisho nasezinyosi zaseRussia eziphakathi kakhulu ezingenasithunzi . Izifo zofuzo kulezi zitshalo azitholakali. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi amandla amakhulu kanye namandla amakhulu ezinambuzane. Okuwukuphela kwesibalo se-calcareous litter (ascosferosis). Muva nje, abakhiqizi bezinyosi babhaliseke njalo ukuthi kukhona inkinga efanayo enyosi yeKrai.

Yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze uvimbele ukungena

Ngakho, i-carnica inyosi ijwayele ukuqhuma. Yini ozoyilungisa izinyosi okufanele ayenze ukuze avimbele ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yezinyosi zaseKrajina entwasahlobo? Ukuqubuzana kwalezi zinambuzane kwenzeka ngenxa yalokho:

• Ukuncipha okubukhali ku-ferromones esibelethweni futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukubonakala kwenani elikhulu lezinyosi;
• Ukulungela okusemthethweni kwezinyosi ezincane ukuqala ukuvuna ubisi lapho kungekho khona ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Uma izinhlobo zezinyosi zezinyosi kanye ne-carnica ziyeka ukwakhiwa kwama-honeycombs futhi ungabikho emthanjeni, kanti lesi sizalo sesinciphisa ukubekwa kwamaqanda - lokho kusho ukuthi izinambuzane zilungiselele ukuqhuma. Kungavinjelwa ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqinisa umoya we-hive ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwama-honeycombs engeziwe;
• Kunciphisa ukukhanya okungenayo.

Kanti futhi abavuni bezinyosi bavame ukuhlukumezeka ngokutshala isidleke ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo somzimba. Kulesi simo, isibeletho sivaliwe igridi yokuhlukanisa, futhi umfanyana uphoqeleka ukuba athuthele kwesinye isigaba. Ngakho-ke, ukungqubuzana komndeni kungagwenywa. Izinyosi ezisemsebenzini ezincane zinezindawo ezengeziwe zokuqoqa i-nectar, kanti lesi sibeletho sinethuba lokuziphindaphinda.

Indlela yokuphatha ascospeclosis

Uhlobo lwezinyosi ze-carnica, mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izibuyekezo ezinhle, ezifweni ezinjengezimbiza ezibalwe, njengoba kushiwo kakade, ngeshwa, akusimeme kakhulu. Le fungus ibangelwa isikhunta se-Ascosphaera apis, esithinta i-larva ne-pupa yezinhlobo ezithile. Indlela yemvelo le mushroom emathunjini ayanyamalala. Ngenxa yobuningi bayo obukhulu, izinyosi azikwazi ukubhekana nazo ngokwabo.

Thola ukuthi ukutheleleka kungaba ngokuyinhloko kumbopho omhlophe, okukhumbuza ukubala, emzimbeni wezimpungushe. Ngokuvamile, lezi zikhukhula nazo zanda ngobukhulu, njengoba i-fungus ikhula hhayi nje ngaphandle, kodwa futhi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wayo. Ukugqoka ezimhlophe nge-ascosphere kubonakala kukhava yeseli. Esikhathini sokugcina sokuthuthukiswa kwe-fungus, i-larva iyaphenduka ibe yindawo eqinile yokubala. Yiphonsa kusukela kubhontshisi bezinyosi ngokwabo.

Kukhona ukutheleleka kaningi ngenxa ye-microclimate emanzi kakhulu ekushiseni okuphansi. Kukhona ingozi yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo uma umlimi wezinyosi engahambisani nemithetho eyisisekelo yokuhlanzeka lapho esebenza ngomhlathi. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kuthatha isamba sokungcola. Izinyosi zingase zibe nezinye izinyosi (kusukela emindenini esele igciwane).

Uma umndeni uhlaselwa i-ascospenosis, into yokuqala okumele ukwenze ukukhipha uhlaka oluvela esidlekeni ne-litter enegciwane. Ukuqhutshwa okuqhubekayo nezidakamizwa "i-Ascocin", i- "Unisan" noma "i-Nystatin." Emakhambi abantu, i-garlic ehlanganiswe nge-gauze ivame ukusetshenziswa. Izinyosi zifakelwa kwenye, i-hive ehlanzekile. Isidleke sinqunywe. I-garlic ifakwe ezindaweni eziningana - emaceleni, kuhlaka, njll.

Izinyosi carnica: ukubuyekezwa kohlobo

Dumisani abalimi bezinyosi baseRussia lokhu okuhlukahlukene, ngaphezu kwakho konke, okuyiyo, ngokukhiqiza kwayo okuphezulu. Ukuqaphela ukubuyekezwa kwabaningi bezinyosi bezinyosi, ngokucophelela lolu hlobo lukwazi ukunikeza uju 20-30% ngaphezu kwamanye amaningi. Kulokhu, umkhiqizo uqobo uhlukaniswa nezimfanelo zawo ezinhle kakhulu.

Ikhono lokubekezela kalula ubusika obunzima ngenye yezimfanelo ezihlukanisa abafuyi bezinyosi. Ukubuyekezwa ngaloluhlobo kusuka kwabaningi bezinyosi baseRussia kuhle ngalezizathu futhi. Ngoba isimo sezulu ezweni lethu sinzima kakhulu. Futhi yingakho izinhlobo eziningi zokukhiqiza izinyosi eRussia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, azikwazi ukutshala. Okuwukuphela kwento okudingeka ukuthi umlimi wezinyosi azi, ozimisele ukubhekana ne-carnica, kungukuthi akusikhathi sekwephuzile ukuveza ifreyimu yokomisa. Lokhu kungabangela ukuba buthakathaka komndeni, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukufa kwayo ebusika.

Futhi, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi abanobuchwepheshe bezinyosi bazama ukuwela le nyosi nezinye izinhlobo. Kulezi zivivinyo, akukho okuhle okuhle okuhambayo.

Isiphetho

Njengoba ubona, i-carnica - inyosi iveza kahle futhi ingenakuzithoba. Uju oluvela kulezi zihlukahlukene lungathola kalula inani eliphakeme. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela emihle ekuzaleni kwalesi sizwe ingafinyelelwa kuphela uma zonke izinto zobuchwepheshe ezidingekayo zihlangene. Ngentwasahlobo, izinyosi zidinga ukuhlolwa ukuze kuvikelwe ukuqhuma. Ukusebenza ngumuthi kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa kuphela ukuhlunga okuhlanzekile, okungasetshenzisiwe.