Karelia elingenamikhono izingalo kanye ifulege: incazelo kanye nezithombe

I-Republic of Karelia kuyinto isihloko Russian Federation, futhi itholakala enyakatho ntshonalanga okuyingxenye. Land endaweni 172,4 amakhilomitha square

I-Republic of Karelia: umbono jikelele

Izici izimo zemvelo kanye ukwanda kwabantu is evamile ihlukaniswe Republic ezingxenyeni eningizimu nasenyakatho. Umbuso wasenyakatho ingxenye welula ngasogwini enyakatho futhi Segozero Vygozero kanye esizalweni somfula Sumy. South Karelia imbozwe ikakhulukazi sonwele kanye birch amahlathi, kuyilapho enyakatho kukhona predominance zikaphayini.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke izikhumbuzo zomlando - izindawo umsuka nendumezulu kazwelonke Kalevala - emzaneni Ladvozero futhi KASKOL, Museum-reserve Marcial Waters, ise Palaces emzaneni. Lezinto zemvelo Kumelwe kuphawulwe futhi Lake Keret, isiqhingi esisentshonalanga Onega Bay iWhite Sea. Emaphakathi ingxenye South Karelia athatha izwe labakwa- Kivach egicna imvelo, indawo amahektheli 10,000.

Umlando Karelia

Insimu samanje Karelia lalakhiwe ku 7th yeminyaka BC. Izakhamuzi asendulo ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela ukuzingela nokudoba. Ukuvela nakhululwa ezifundisweni zokucathula nemfuyo kanye nezolimo libhekisela 1st yeminyaka BC. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho kuvezwa yensimbi yasungulwa.

Idatha lokuqala ukubunjwa yobuhlanga basonta kuya kweleshumi V. Khona-ke, ensimini ka Karelia wahlala Finno-Ugric abantu, Karels, Veps, Saami izizwe. A VI ukuze ix republic yesimanje leminyaka yayikhona uhlobo ephakathi isimo futhi indawo inhlangano, futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi Karelian ubukhulu. Ekhulwini XII insimu ubukhulu baba ingxenye Novgorod republic amakhosi asendulo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi 1227 Novgorod Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich obenziwe kwegazi Karels futhi Veps okholweni Orthodox.

Ngesikhathi sobandlululo ne Crusaders isiJalimane Swedish izinduna wathutha njengengxenye yensimu West-Karelian lapho bakha inqaba Vyborg. Omunye imizamo Valitov (ababusi) Karelia esekhululwa kubahlaseli Swedish. Kodwa le ngxabano phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili phezu la mazwe akayekile. Ngemva amakhulu ambalwa eminyaka, ekhulwini XVII, ngemva kokuvinjezelwa olunezinyanga eziyisithupha amabutho Swedish bakwazi emzini Korela. Ngenxa nokulahlekelwa Karelian Isthmus e uhulumeni waseRussia wathutha ukugeleza ababaleki, iningi labo esezinzile Insimu Tver esifundeni. Umphumela uye waba ukwakheka iqembu ngokobuhlanga Tver Karelians.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indawo yakwa-Karelia sekuqalile ukuthuthukiswa yokusansimbi. Kulokhu, lo main angisebenzi babe abalimi umsebenzi wabo cishe ingakhokhwa, sasibhekwa icala. Nezimpi eziningi sikhathi safuna inani elikhulu izikhali ukuthi ekhululwa lokhu aleli kakhulu. Imigomo abalimi abasebenza some nakakhulu, okwaholela kwavukelwa ethandwa. Isibalo ababhikishi lafinyelela abantu ayizinkulungwane 40. Ngemva kwavukelwa sekuqala mass ukuboshwa kanye ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu.

izenzakalo ezinjalo ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX, njengoba ukufika namandla ngempela namaSoviet futhi ukwehlukana Olonets baba izimfanelo for yezinxushunxushu entsha. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-20-yalolucwaningo ku Karelian kuvukela kwagqashuka aqondiswe amaBolshevik. Kwakuthinta ukuyiveza ngamabutho evelele ophikisayo. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho ifulegi lokuqala Karelia yadalwa, okuyinto ungathola incazelo ngezansi. Okuhlukile lolu phawu kazwelonke ubenamanxeba amaningi, bona zihlukahlukene kuye ngesimo wekuba sive nobukhosi bakhe Republic yanamuhla.

Flag of Karelia: indaba engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XX

Ifulege sokuqala ngqá Karelia kwahlongozwa ngokuhlangenwe umculi Finnish Jonas Heiska 1918 version yesithombe ku-canvas blue umlaza i-Ursa Major. Indawo indawo umlaza kwaba ekhoneni elingenhla esinxeleni. Ulwazi ukuqashelwa ifulege version olusemthethweni alikho.

Esikhathini esifushane isimemezelo ezweni Karelian Ukhta Republic (1920) umculi Finnish Karelia omunye ifulege sidalwe Akseli Gallen-Kallela (bheka isithombe. Ngezansi), okuyinto ngokucacile ephoqelelwe nokuzwelana Finns. ukufana ezinkulu flag of Finland Kwakusobala ukuthi kuhluke kuphela umbala: isizinda eluhlaza, enikezwe abamnyama "isiphambano zaseScandinavia", okuyinto has edging abomvu.

Ukuba yingxenye yeSoviet Union, Karelia isikhashana ngaphandle ifulege. Futhi ngo-1937, XI Congress ezisebenza abaseSoviet we Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic yokutholwa uphawu entsha ye-republic. Siqukethe ngendwangu ebomvu lalotshwa lapho ngamagama egolide ngezilimi Russian futhi Karelian: "RSFSR" futhi "Karelian ASSR"

izinguquko Ngaphezu izimpawu isimo, libhekisela esikhathini esizayo lapho Kalmyk ASSR lalenziwa Karelian-Finnish SSR, okwaphumela ukubuyiselwa wekuba sive ka ulimi Finnish. Flag of Karelia ngesikhathi sifana kakhulu ifulegi kweSoviet Union, umehluko kuphela nokuba amazwi 'Lithuanian SSR ", wenziwa ngezilimi ezimbili (Russian kanye Finnish) e.

Maka weRiphabhulikhi Karelia engxenyeni kwekhulu XX yesibili

Kamuva, ngo-1953, kuye kwaba nezinguquko eziphawulekayo ekuklanyweni izimpawu isimo. Kuqhathaniswa embodiments langaphambilini, ukubukeka ngokuphelele manje Karelia ifulege. Meaning of imibala eluhlaza and bands oluhlaza esavela ezansi, wehlela isiqondiso ubuhle, ubukhulu, ukubaluleka amahlathi kanye namachibi. Kodwa iningi ifulege ukuthi zibe bomvu, futhi phezulu (eduze abasebenzi) kwakungamadodana isando isikela.

Ukuguqula KFSSR Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic kwaholela izinguquko ezintsha. Kuba ezahlukene kanye ifulege weRiphabhulikhi Karelia: imivimbo eziluhlaza kanye green wanyamalala futhi, kodwa kwakukhona amagama nezifinyezo ku Karelian Republic nezilimi Russian. Umthetho-sisekelo omusha, owawuthi isifinyezo ifulege kufanele kuthathelwe indawo igama eliphelele wamukelwa ngonyaka ka-1978.

Okwamanje Karelia ifulege siqukethe imivimbo emithathu: obomvu, oluhlaza futhi oluhlaza. Wonke amalebula kukhanselwe. Yini enye inkomba sokusebenzisana zesifunda noma secessionist akubonakali. Umbala zifanekisela kuphela ingcebo yemvelo, isiko, behlobene nezibopho zomkhaya.

Incazelo ifulege

Karelia Maka - uphawu isimo. 16.02.1993 ePhalamende yokutholwa Karelia yayo. Umthuthukisi kuyinto A. I. Kinner. Isisekelo ifulege kuthathwe Ngokwesibonelo yesimanje, esasivutha kusukela ngo-1953 kuya 1956 ngesikhathi nesikhathi Lithuanian SSR.

Karelia Maka kabani isithombe aboniswe ngezansi, kuyinto umdwebo umumo unxande nge usayizi ofanayo imivimbo emithathu ovundlile: obomvu, oluhlaza futhi oluhlaza. Isilinganiso ububanzi obuphelele - 2: 3.

Itshwayo izingalo Karelia kuya kweleshumi XX

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala elingenamikhono izingalo Karelia basonta 1562. Khona-ke Russia nase Sweden abekade isimo kuyimpi ngenxa yezwe. Elingenamikhono izingalo ibonisa le mpi. It izandla ezimbili, enye yazo egqoke zempi (iqhawe Swedish) ezaboniswa, kanye nezinye - e mail (isosha Russian). A ubhedu umqhele wegolide.

Lapho ingxenye Karelia yanqotshwa Russia, lokhu elingenamikhono izingalo lalisetshenziswa lezi zindawo. Nokho, manje kokubili izandla e uchungechunge mail.

Prototype sejazi yesimanje izikhali

Kuyaziwa ukuthi uhulumeni Ukhta entwasahlobo ka-1920 kanye nabamele emalokishini enyakatho wanquma secede ezivela eRussia wamemezela ukuzimela Karelia. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, ngo-March 29, 1920, ijazi elisha izingalo sivunyiwe. Wayegqoke bear black wayechazwa, agcina e esidladleni "vesuri" (Lopper), ke ewela egqoke obubomvu isihlangu oluhlaza. Isihlangu yagcotshwa ne umnqwazo yendabuko abagawuli bemithi. Ngenhla sibalo ibhere emehlweni izibani enyakatho, futhi ngaphansi - wesifunda okuvezwayo.

elingenamikhono yesimanje izikhali

Lapho saqanjwa Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ukuba Republic of Karelia, kwaqala umsebenzi ukuthuthukiswa ijazi elisha izingalo ngoNovemba 1991. Umncintiswano kwamenyezelwa, ngenxa lapho abaholi abangu imidwebo emithathu. Eyokuqala wabo athuthukile Andrei LITVIN. It yadalwa ngesisekelo ijazi Olonets izikhali, futhi kwaboniswa Karelian Bear, a Russian earphone, amaphiva kanye nehhashi. Umbhali emfushane yesibili, Lebedev, wanikelwa njengomhlatshelo sibalo esikhulu ukusebenzisa amaphiva egijima. Yu Nivin iphrojekthi iqukethe izinto sejazi zomlando izikhali futhi isibonakaliso, wadala nguHulumende Ukhta.

Qinisekisa futhi zizilungise kanjani isibonakaliso wathatha isikhathi eside impela, futhi ngo-September 28, 1993, uMkhandlu Ophakeme Kunabo Bonke kangako evunyiwe inketho Karelia Yu Nivin.

Ngaphansi kwemibandela ye-isibonakaliso, kunjengoba kulandela. Ingemuva ukhonza kwindlela ezintathu zewebhu kuyafana Karelia ifulege. Yona kanye isibonakaliso ine uhlobo isihlangu, okuyinto imikiswe ezansi futhi izungezwe umugqa igolide. I element central kuyinto bear isihlangu ensimini amisiwe omnyama. Figure bear ungaphakathi imile iphrofayli. Awe-Pommel isihlangu isipikili nge liyinkanyezi octagonal ekhazimulayo engaphakathi umbala legolide. Isici sejazi izingalo futhi yokuthi nhlangothi zombili ke lufrenyiwe amagatsha eliqoshiwe ezihlahla: sonwele and kaphayini.

Ngakho, ifulegi kanye elingenamikhono izingalo Karelia atjengisa isibindi namandla wabantu kanye nemithombo yemvelo weRiphabhulikhi (amahlathi namanzi).