Julian Semenov: biography nokuphila komuntu siqu

U-Julian Semenov, owaziwa ngegama lakhe ngezansi, ungomunye wamaphayona enhlobo "uphenyo lwezindaba" ezweni lethu. Esebenzisa ithalenta elibhaliwe lomlobi, wakwazi ukuhamba ngaphezu kokubhala izihloko zomsakazo ukudalula izimfihlo zomlando futhi wembula izinhlangothi ezimnyama zokuphila komphakathi waseSoviet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waziwa emphakathini ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwamanoveli akhe, njenge "Amasonto Ayishumi Nesikhombisa Ekuseni" no "Petrovka, 38".

Umndeni

Yulian Semyonovich Lyandres, okungukuthi, leli yilo igama langempela lomlobi, wazalwa ngo-1931 eMoscow. Unina, u-Galina Nikolaevna Nozdryna, wayengumfundisi womlando futhi wanikeza indodana yakhe uthando lokuxazulula izidakamizwa zesikhathi esidlule. Ngokuqondene noyise, uSenen Alexandrovich Lyandres wayengumchwepheshe omkhulu emkhakheni wokushicilela kanye nomhleli. Ngo-1952, wagxekwa ngokungenangqondo ngamacala okusiza uBukharin. Indodana, njengoba yayingcono kakhulu, yayimela ubaba, okungamholela etilongweni. Kodwa-ke, inkathi yeStalinism nokucindezelwa kwaphela, kanti uSemyon Lyanders akazange abuyele eMoscow ngaphambi kwesimiso, kodwa futhi wathatha isikhundla esiphambili eGostlitizdat.

Isifundo

Ngo-1948, uJulian Lyandres wabhalisa e-Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies, lapho ajwayele khona futhi waba abangane nabancane kakhulu okwamanje u-Yevgeny Primakov, owayezobe esehlala phezulu e-USSR naseRussia. Ngemva kokuphothula i-alma mater ngo-1953, uJu. Lyanders wayefundisa ulimi lwesiPashto eMoscow State University futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, wafunda enkambeni yakhe yomlando.

Ukuqala komsebenzi wobuchwepheshe

Kusukela ngo-1955, uJu. Lyanders waqala ukusebenza njengomlobi wezindaba. Izihloko zakhe nezinhlobonhlobo zanyatheliswa ezincwadini ezinjalo ezaziwayo zaseSoviet njenge-Ogonek, Pravda, Literaturnaya gaseta, iKomsomolskaya Pravda noSmena. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wahamba kakhulu kulo lonke i-USSR futhi waya ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwakudingeka athathe ubaba uyise, njengoba abahleli bezitholile igama lakhe langempela bengamzweli futhi bancoma ukuthi angene esikhundleni sakhe.

Ngo-1959, ngenkathi esebenza e-Afghanistan, uJulian Semenov, owaziwa ngamakhasi amaningi angaziwa, wabhala umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala wokubhala, owayengumhloli wezombangazwe ozinikezele imisebenzi eKabul we-ambassador wokuqala waseRussia u-Ivan Vitkevich.

Ngo-1960, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yakhe, uSemenov waba yilungu le-Writers 'Union ye-USSR. Phakathi kokuqala kwakhe okuthakazelisayo kakhulu okusebenzayo kukhona izindaba ezimfushane "Ezintabeni inhliziyo yami", "Imvula ezindaweni zokudonsa", "Hlala kumuntu othandekayo", njll.

Ngaphambi kokuhlelwa kabusha

Kusukela ngo-1962 kuya ku-1967, uJulian Semenov (i-biography ebusheni bakhe echazwe ngenhla) wayengelungu lebhodi lokuhlela lencwadi ethi "Moscow". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wasebenza kabanzi emazweni angaphandle: eFrance, eSpain, eGDR, eCuba, eJapane, e-USA naseLatin America.

Njengomlobi wezindaba, wavakashela i-taiga, lapho ekwazi khona abazingeli be-tiger, ukwakhiwa kwe-BAM, isiteshi se-polar, ukuvula ithubhu yedayimani, kanye nasezindaweni eziningi ezishisayo nasezingxenyeni eziningi zezombangazwe ezivela e-Afghanistan, eSpain, I-Chile, i-Cuba ne-Paraguay. Ikakhulukazi, eLatin America, uJulian Semenov, owaziwa ngaye okwamanje unamfihlo amaningi, wayefuna ukufuna amaHitler ayebalekela icala njengoba izigebengu zempi futhi athuthela eLatin America.

Ukufuna Igumbi le-Amber

Iminyaka eminingi, uJulian Semenov (umlando womlobi eminyakeni ye-perestroika evezwe ngezansi) wayebandakanye ekufuneni nasekubuyiselweni kwamagugu ezintengo zamasiko, athunyelwa kuma-Nazis e-USSR ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Ngalokhu, wamisa iKomidi Lamazwe Omhlaba, elihlanganisa uGeorges Simenon, uGeorge Stein, uJames Aldridge nabanye abazombangazwe abavelele, abalobi kanye nezibalo zomphakathi. Omunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yale nhlangano kwakuwukufuna indawo ye- Amber Room, lapho uBaron E. von Falz-Fein wamsiza ngentshiseko. Nakuba ukufuna lobuciko obubuciko bokubuciko nobuciko obungaphumelelanga, kamuva wabhala incwadi ethi "ubuso nobuso." Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yomsebenzi weKomidi Lomhlaba Wonke, umlotha we-FI Shalyapin, ingxenye ebalulekile yokuqoqwa kwezincwadi zikaDiaghilev-Lifar, kanye nomdwebo obonisa umndeni weRussia Tsar wokugcina, owawusuka e-Livadia Palace nezinye izindinganiso zamasiko babuyiselwa ekhaya.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila

I-Perestroika yahlangana ngentshiseko nguJulian Semenov. Wayefisa ukushintsha, kodwa, ngokwezihlobo, akazange abone futhi engafuni ukuwa kwe-USSR.

Ngo-1988, umlobi, kanye noVivanov no-V. Solomin baqala umsakazo we "Detective". Kwakukhona ekwakheni iNdlu Ephakathi Yezikhulu ZaseMnyango Wezangaphakathi ZaseRussia Federation. Iveze imidlalweni yemidlalo yesimanje nemidlalo yezingane. Ngeshwa, inzalo yale ntatheli yayingenayo ikusasa elijabulisayo, futhi ngo-1992, lapho uJulian Semenov, i-biography esithombeni sakhe owaziyo kakade, wayesegulini, wayevalelwe ngenxa yokungqubuzana nomnikazi wendawo.

Ngo-1989, umlobi wayengowokuqala kuyi-USSR eyimfihlo - inkulumo ethi "Imfihlo Ephezulu." Ukuze athuthukise umqondo wakhe kanye nenombolo yomshayeli, wathola intatheli i-APN A. Pleshkov kanye nohlelo oluhamba phambili lwethelevishini "Vzglyad" E. Dodolev.

Umsebenzi wezincwadi

U-Julian Semenovich Semenov, owaziwa ngaye kakade, wabhala eziningi zezintandokazi zezintandokazi, ezaziwa kakhulu kunazo zonke ezinikezelwe ku-Isaev-Stirlitz. Ekudalweni kwabo wadalwa yinothi elitholakala ezinqolobaneni, lapho kuthiwa khona i-agent ethile yeDzerzhinsky. Ngqikithi, ochungechungeni lwemisebenzi mayelana nokuhlola okungahambi kahle kwamaveliveli angu-14. Abanye babo, kuhlanganise namadumile "ama-17 ama-Spring" aqoshiwe.

Iqhawe lomunye umjikelezo odumile wemisebenzi kaSemenov ngumlobi wezincwadi uDmitry Stepanov. Le hero yanikezwa izici zayo, futhi amanoveli ngokwabo ayingxenye autobiographical.

Efa likaSemenov lendabuko kukhona nemidlalo eminingana, amaqoqo amabili amafushane, izinguqulo ezinhlanu zesiRoma mayelana nokufa kwabantu abadumile, kanye nabaningi bezentatheli.

Izifo nokufa

Ngo-1990, umlobi wezombusazwe wahlushwa isifo, futhi wayevalelwe embhedeni. Imizamo yokubuyisela impilo ayizange ibe nemiphumela, kanti umlobi uJulian Semenov, owaziwa ngaye, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokubambisana kwakhe ne-KGB ye-USSR, akakakafiki ngokugcwele, washona enhloko-dolobha ngo-1993.

Ukugula kwakhe kungazelelwe kubangele amahemuhemu amaningi, ngisho nabantu abasondelene nabo babengakholelwa emvelaphi yakhe yemvelo. Ngokuyinhloko, indodakazi kaJulian Semenov emadokhumenti ayezinikele kuye yathi "ubaba wasuswa." Le nguqulo yaboniswa ngabalingani bakhe abaningi bangaphambili.

Ukusola kwakungasekelwa ngokuqondile iqiniso lokuthi ngaphambi nje kokushaywa kweSemenov eParis, umngane wakhe kanye noPhini lika-Alexander Pleshakov babethelwe ubuthi. Kukhona naye uJulian Semyonovich owayebandakanyekile ekuphenyweni lapho okuthiwa "igolide lephathi" liye laphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho "kwengozi" engavamile, lo mbhali wahlaselwa ngehora ngaphambi kokuhlangana noJohn Evans, ummeleli wezindaba u-tycoon R. Murdoch. Kwakuhlelwe ukuxazulula inkinga yokudala inkampani ebambe iqhaza emhlabeni jikelele ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo "Imfihlo Ephezulu".

Julian Semenov, biography: impilo yangasese

Umlobi wezintatheli osemusha ubelokhu exoxisana nabantu abanobukhwele abathi inxenye yengonyama yokuphumelela kwakhe yimbangela yomshado ophumelelayo nendodakazi eyamukelwa uS S. V. Mikhalkov noN. P. Konchalovskaya kusukela emshadweni wakhe wokuqala. Nokho, ngokusho kukaSemenov ngokwakhe, akazange azame ukusebenzisa igama nomthelela womkhwekazi odumile yena. Ngokusemthethweni, u-Ekaterina Sergeevna noJulian Semenovich babeshadile iminyaka engaba ngu-30. Noma kunjalo, inyunyana yabo yayinzima ukubiza ngokuthi ujabule. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-17 yokuphila okuhlanganyelwe, ukuba namadodakazi amabili asetsheni, uSomenov washiya umndeni, futhi iminyaka engaba ngu-13 umkakhe wayeboshiwe isitifiketi somshado kuphela, njengoba engazange aqedwe ngokomthetho. Kodwa-ke, lapho impilo yomlobi ikhula kakhulu, u-Ekaterina Sergeyevna, naphezu kokuhlukana kweminyaka engu-13 ebuhlotsheni bakhe, wabuyela kumyeni wakhe ogula kakhulu futhi wamnakekela kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zokuphila kwakhe.

Manje uyazi amaqiniso athakazelisayo ahlobene nemisebenzi yomphakathi kanye nezindaba zomsunguli wezincwadi ze-Stirlitz odumile. U-Julian Semenov, biography, impilo yomuntu kanye nezimo ezingavamile zezifo owaziwa ngazo kakade, ushiye ifa elicebile lokubhala, okuyoba okuthakazelisayo ukuhlangana nabantu banoma yimuphi ubudala.