Izinhlobonhlobo best of amagonandoda e Belarus: ukubuyekeza, ezolimo, regionalization

Isikhundla ezindawo yezwe ayikwazi kubhekwe ekahle ukutshala izingadi Queen - amagonandoda. Abazalanisi abasebenza ukuze uthuthukise izitshalo ekhona futhi ukuzalela entsha. Izinhlobonhlobo amagonandoda eBelarus, njengoba ngempela kwenye indawo, kuhluke yokuvuthwa, izithelo izinga kanye nezinye izici. Nokuklanywa ikuvumela ukuba sifinyelele isivuno best endaweni ethile.

ipheya

Ukukhuluma ipheya ingatholakala zemihla ubudala Russian zangekhulu nambili. Namuhla, emhlabeni wonke alinywa izinkulungwane zalesi isihlahla izithelo. Ngamunye has izici zayo esingokwemvelo, okuyinto zibangelwa sezwe izici, isimo sezulu, umhlabathi, kwezulu. Thermophilic ipheya - Nokho, iqiniso owaziwa, abalimi kuletsa ezihlukahlukene, kahle isemanzini futhi ezindaweni ezipholile.

izinhlobo ezithile amagonandoda e Belarus (izibuyekezo cottagers futhi balimi siliqinisekise), zoned ngoba ezindaweni ezithize yezwe, ukunikeza isivuno esihle. izithelo sweet futhi okumnandi isikhathi uvuthwe, nabanikazi nesikholwa izingadi kusukela ngesonto eledlule July futhi ekupheleni kuka-Novemba.

Kunamagonandoda e Belarus

Kule minyaka engu-20 edlule, izinhlobonhlobo best of amagonandoda ngoba Belarus ahoxiswa abalimi kwezikhungo eziningana ngokwesayensi. Phakathi kwabo, All-Russian Research Institute of ukulima (Michurinsk), Belarusian Research Institute of ukulima, taa. Okwamanje, inqwaba izinhlobo atholakale balimi ihlolwe ngempumelelo futhi Kunconywa ukulima izimo zezulu yezwe.

Ethandwa kakhulu zihlanganisa:

1. ihlobo zakuqala:

• Lipno.
• Lada.
• Agasti namazolo.
• Skorospelka ka Michurinsk.

2. ngasekupheleni kwehlobo:

• Chizhovski.
• Rogneda.
• Duhmjanyj.
• Lagodnaya.

3. Autumn:

• Fancy Efimova.
• Memory Zhegalova.
• Caramel.

4. Winter:

• Belarusian kamuva.
• Tadisha Kiev.
• Kyrgyz ebusika.
• I-November.

Le mithi ngcono kakhulu ingashintshwa ukuze sezulu yezwe, kancane ukungenwa yizifo ngaphandle ezihlukahlukene amadala - Bessemyanka noma Tonkovetka. Ukuthandwa amagonandoda is kancane kancane, nakuba bikho kolwazi mayelana ipumelelo yesimanje zizalela umphumela. Akubona bonke abatshali bayasazi izibuyekezo, ungalilahli banethuba ukuthenga ukutshala izinto. ezixube izitshalo, ungakhetha ibanga afanele endaweni yangakini. Veza, ukumelana nezifo futhi lithathelwe ezinhle izimo zangaphandle asivumela ukukhuluma hhayi kuphela ingadi amateur, kodwa futhi ku ukuhweba izingadi ithebhu ezisenyakatho Belarus.

ngezigaba

Ososayensi uhlukanise amagonandoda ngezizathu eziningana. Ukhiye:

1. Ukusetshenziswa:

• zokuhlobisa - ekahle engadini amapaki kanye izingadi, izithelo akuzona ezidliwayo, kodwa ukubukeka kuyinto abatelekile amahlamvu ubuhle;
• izithelo, esikhundleni salokho, kungaba:

• lobuchwepheshe - obusetshenziswa embonini ukudla ukucutshungulwa;
• Izidlo dessert noma - adliwe fresh;
• enemisebenzi - efanelekayo ukucubungula, futhi ukusetshenziswa fresh.

2. Isikhathi nokuvuthwa:

• ihlobo noma ekuqaleni kuka - evuna ngasekupheleni July - ekuqaleni kuka-August,
• ekwindla noma maphakathi - sokuvuna ngo-September nango-October,
• ebusika noma ngasekupheleni - izithelo ukufinyelela ukuvuthwa esikhiphekayo maphakathi no-ekwindla.

3. usayizi izithelo:

• ezinkulu-fruited - 200-500 amagremu noma ngaphezulu;
• Ephakathi - 80-200 amagremu;
• ezincane-fruited - 30-80 amagremu;

4. I degree of hardiness:

• eziqinile, hhayi kwi freezer ngisho ezingeni lokushisa -30-35 ⁰ C;
• hhayi eziqinile;

5. Nambithani umbungu:

• amnandi;
• amnandi futhi omuncu;
• Ukuthoma-okumunyu (ukunambitheka esinjalo akuthola okuqukethwe okusezingeni eliphezulu tannins izithelo ikhasi).

6. Indlela impova:

• samoplodnye - njalo ukunikeza isivuno uzinze;
• akazibekanga impova - badinga wempova izinhlobo ezithile.

ubunjiniyela yezolimo

izinhlobo kutshalwa of amagonandoda e Belarus badinga ukunakekelwa efanayo izihlahla etshalwa zokuzamazama ezahlukene zezulu. imishini Farming kuhlanganisa amaphuzu ambalwa:

1. Landing. Inhlabathi engcono kakhulu - loam nobumba nenhlabathi ne komhlaba ejulile. lime omuncu. Indawo ekhethiwe libalele futhi windless. Ochwepheshe bayavuma okutshalwe entwasahlobo, kodwa ncoma ukuwa - ekupheleni kuka-September.

2. Yokudla. Umgodi zokutshala yakhiwa-10 kg humus umquba (umquba can), 50 amagremu 30 amagremu superphosphate potassium usawoti kanye. Esokuqala kweminyaka emine ngaphansi kwesihlahla bese wenze nitrogen umquba kanye inkathi ungeze Umanyolo umanyolo. Kusukela ngomnyaka wesihlanu zonke umquba linamathele anemifantu lowatungeleta azungeze we umqhele.

3. Ukunisela. izitshalo asemasha bazithela kanye ngesonto, ebhakedeni elilodwa kuphela. Kushisa ezomile futhi evamile ukuthambisa imvamisa luyanda.

4. Nquma umqhele. It wenziwa entwasahlobo and ekwindla, parallel isuswe futhi amagatsha ezikhulayo eduze, unciphise isikhathi eside kakhulu. Izindawo tincetu kusetshenzwe engadini iphimbo noma namalahle oluyimpuphu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi kwenziwa adingekayo ekuvimbeleni izifo, ezempilo izihlahla, impatho inhlabathi, ukwahlukanisa (uma kunesidingo).

izinhlobonhlobo ezikhishwe

izinhlobo ezehlukene ithini lamapheya etshalwa Belarus e eziningi ekhaya izingadi kanye ezithelo kwezohwebo. I nokuklanywa kwetafula kukhona ezidume kakhulu.

Summer

Summer ipheya izinhlobo eBelarus, a ezimisiwe kuleli zwe - kuyinto:

1. Duchesse ngonyaka. Njengazo cishe bonke izinhlobo okuqala e amagonandoda e Belarus ikunika isivuno sasiyoba sikhulu ngo-August. Izithelo isisindo - kufike ku-80 grams, ukunambitheka elimnandi, elithambile, kahle walondoloza, hhayi amasonto angaphezu kwamabili. Inyama okuncane, namanzi, ikhasi matt ukukhanya yellow. Fruiting iqala lapho eneminyaka engu-7-8, ke uyazibekezelela frost ukumelana uqweqwe.

2. Fancy Efimova. Limelela ehlobo futhi ngasekupheleni izinhlobonhlobo amagonandoda eBelarus. Umphumela ukweqa Clapp ozithandayo kanye Tonkovetki. Izithelo ku ngomnyaka wesishiyagalombili, enika esitebeleni ezithela eliphezulu ekuqaleni September. Izithelo nesisindo 120 grams, umbala ogqamile ephuzi. Iningi amagonandoda embozwe othi awube amnyama ebomvu. Inyama omuncu-sweet, kancane kwamuncwa-, aphakathi namanzi, omhlophe. Elondolozwe amasonto amabili. Izihlahla ukumelana kahle yesithwathwa amelana uqweqwe.

autumn

Autumn izinhlobonhlobo amagonandoda e Belarus (izithelo isithombe ungabona ngezansi) ukunikeza isivuno kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-September kuya ku-November. Basuke engcono egcinwe ngokuziqhathanisa ehlobo. Collection Kwenziwa ngokushesha (izinsuku akukho kuka 6-7), ngaphambi ngokulahlekelwa ukubukeka lemukelekako ukunambitheka. Izinhlobo ezivamile:

1. Chizhovski. Uthela izithelo 3-4 iminyaka, libhekene ezithela eliphezulu. Izithelo isisindo - 140 amagremu. I ikhasi matt bushelelezi, ophuzi, kukhona othi awube encane. Ukunambitheka ipheya uginindela omuncu-sweet aphuzi noma elimhlophe, juiciness ophansi. Kuvuna ngasekupheleni kuka-August, abekelwe izinyanga 3. Ibanga lukhuthazelela izimo isimo sezulu esibi, i-frost.

2. Mane Maria. Fruiting iqala ngomnyaka wesithathu, isivuno uzinze. Elikhulu, nesisindo 190 grams izithelo ezintekenteke inyama oily. I ikhasi ukukhanya yellow othi awube kancane pink. Amelana nezilokazane nezifo, isithwathwa akesabi. Kuvuna ekwindla, isithelo zingagcinwa uNovemba.

Winter

Winter ipheya izinhlobo e Belarus ezithandwa kakhulu abalimi amateur. A lolwehlukanisa ezifana izithelo izinhlobo kuyinto ukuhlala kwabo izinga (kungenziwa abekelwe entwasahlobo). Izithelo ozama ukuphinde abuthele ephuze ngangokunokwenzeka, ngesikhathi esifanayo bazivimba fraying. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana engcono ezovumelana nezimo wezwe zezulu:

1. Kyrgyz ebusika. Inikeza esitebeleni isivuno high ngonyaka 6-7. Kunamagonandoda aqale ukuqoqa e ngesonto lokuqala Okthoba, namanje green, nge touch of othi awube pink. Isisindo 250 grams. nokuvuthwa Full ngoDisemba, isikhumba kuba ophuzi, nombala imajenta kuba. Izithelo abe ukunambitheka omuhle, iphunga elimnandi, inyama emhlophe kanye namanzi. Ibanga ukubekezelela ngokuphepha yesithwathwa nesomiso, amelana uqweqwe.

2. Belarusian kamuva. Lubekezelela isithelo ngonyaka 5th. Isivuno esiphezulu of afinyelela ku 90 kg isihlahla ngasinye, enikeza ngonyaka 10. Izithelo enesisindo okuyisilinganiso sabangu-100 amagremu, elimnandi nge sourness aqabulayo. Inyama namanzi, omhlophe, kancane oily. Ifanele ukusetshenziswa Okthoba kuya Februwari. Kwangathi iqhubeka kuze May (e Coolers). Ikhasi zomile, anolaka, orange-ophuzi, ngezinye izikhathi embozwe raspberry abomvu. ezihlukahlukene Cold nemithi, akuyona uqweqwe ethintekile, kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezimaphakathi eseningizimu yaleli zwe.

izinhlobo ezintsha

izinhlobo ezaziwa futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ka amagonandoda e Belarus kancane kancane balahlekelwa ukumelana kwabo ezifweni. Bere Slutskaya, oily, Belarus kamuva eminyakeni nge elina epholile ehlobo bakamalalahlengezela uqweqwe ethintekile. Ososayensi bafuna ukuletha izinhlobo ezintsha hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukujwayela akhona vele ukuze izimo zezulu yezwe. Memory Yakovlev Chizhovski, Severyanka yethulwe izinhlobo.

Ngo-2005, abasha "izakhamuzi ipheya" waseBelarus wanezela:

1. Lagodnaya - hybrid 81-13 / 64. I PERIODICITY izitshalo ngonyaka 4th. Izithelo isisindo 150 amagremu yokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni kuka-August, uginindela agcwele amanzi, amnandi futhi omuncu, indawo, ne iphunga elimnandi amnandi. I ikhasi obuluhlaza amachashazi amaningi grey. Kuvuna ngasekupheleni kuka-August, lilondolozwe amasonto 3.

2. Fun - yisithombo 5/20. Izithelo izihlahla eminyakeni 5-6, ukuvuna esitebeleni ngempela, kwandisa ngeminyaka. Izithelo nesisindo 120 grams, isikhumba emangelengele, shiny, uma ngokudubula engxenyeni Septhemba umbala ogqamile aphuzi wesibili emva yokuvuthwa (emva amasonto 3) - segolide ophuzi. Inyama ithenda, enuka omuncu, elimnandi.

sokuvuna

Belarusian Research Institute of ukulima inikeza izinhlobonhlobo apula kanye ithini lamapheya e Belarus kangcono nezidingo abatshali nezimboni zokudla. Phakathi nomsebenzi (kusukela ngo-1925), ochwepheshe lotifundze amasampula kuka 1,000 of izinhlobo ezahlukene.

Kukhethwe futhi Kunconywa nokuklanywa amagonandoda zithele ehloniphekile. Record kwaba 2006-2007 futhi 2009-2010, lapho isivuno okwedlulele safinyelela amathani 61.000.

ukusetshenziswa

Kunamagonandoda Sebentisa fresh. Izithelo abacebile amavithamini namaminerali. Odokotela batusa ke njengoba umkhiqizo wezokudla nge okuqukethwe ongaphakeme kilojoule kanye noshukela. Ukwenziwa kusukela izithelo compotes, sezimoto, sezimoto, izithelo ezomisiwe ukuvunwa. Kuyinkolelo eyamukelwa abaningi kakhulu ekuphekeni ipheya kuyinto. Futhi akusiwona nje zogwadule - izithelo behlezi kahle imikhiqizo inyama.

Izinkuni has a izinga eyingqayizivele - kuba ngokuphelele ngeke kuncike ukusonteka. Architects usebenzise umbusi eyenziwe ipheya izinkuni. Fine ikhaya umhlobiso futhi ifenisha ezenziwe kusukela kusetshenzwe black ibala ipheya ukhuni, ubukeka ezibizayo, njengoba uma kusuka ebony.