Izinhlobo kwezimpesheni impesheni isimo. impesheni ubuncane

Uhlelo impesheni iyona esitebeleni kunazo isimo uhlelo, okuyinto uye savela eminyakeni edlule. Uhlelo Russian waqala ukuthuthukiswa yayo muva nje, ngemva izinguquko Kwakuseshwa. Lokhu kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi ekushintsheni inqubo ukuze ukhokhe kubalwa, ubungako bawo liyakhuphuka. Kukhona uhlelo ecacile izibalo. Wonke umuntu kuyaye kamuva hamba ngeholide, futhi neze ubani ofuna ukuthola impesheni ubuncane, okuzoba ngokucacile ongafanelwe. Hhayi ukuba neze umuntu onolwazi, lapho kufika isikhathi umhlalaphansi, kufanele uzame ukwazi yonke into kusengaphambili, khona-ke kuyoba lula ukuya ngeholide futhi bakhathazeke ngalutho.

Uyini umqondo welithi "umhlalaphansi"?

Pension ilungiselelo - isilinganiso ekhethekile ezithathwe nguhulumeni, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukusiza ngezimali izakhamuzi nezinkinga ezithile zempilo. Lokhu sigaba zingafaka izakhamuzi abanokukhubazeka abanokukhubazeka; Izingane owashonelwa abazali babo. Izinkokhelo edingekayo ukuze kwenziwe njalo ngenyanga. Ukuze bakwazi ukudweba impesheni, kufanele uthumele amaphepha adingekayo ukuthi izoqinisekisa isimo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene impesheni

Ukunikeza izakhamuzi okuqondene nemikhakha evikelwe emphakathini yempesheni ngaphansi komthetho zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili:

1. impesheni Umhlalaphansi - esikhishwe ubudala, ukukhubazeka, kodwa kuphela uma ulimele wathola emsebenzini.
2. Impesheni yezenhlalakahle usolwa igunya Izidumbu isimo, uma kukhona abakhubazekile esingokwemvelo noma bathenga, kwakukhona ukulahlekelwa isihlobo esiseduze Sasibheke asebekhulile nabakhubazekile, edinga ukunakekelwa ehlelekile.

izinzuzo kanye neye ngezigaba zabo

Izinhlobo kwezimpesheni impesheni ilizwe selihlukene laba abathathu izinhlobo:

1. izinkokhelo kaHulumeni. Ngaphansi lo mqondo libhekisela izinkokhelo enziwe imali kusuka ibhajethi lesifunda.
2. Umshuwalense - lokhu kungolunye uhlobo kwabahola impesheni esikhiqiza izakhamuzi kwesamba. Ngokwesibonelo, kungaba izihlobo ekhubazekile abalahlekelwe umondli yabo.
3. ilungiselelo Okunqwabelanayo uyalandisa ngaphezulu ohlelweni non-state, njengoba izakhamuzi ngqo ngokwabo umhlalaphansi, thola ukukhushulwa kwemali ngendlela ehlelekile. Kulokhu-ke kubalulekile ukuba isivumelwano kusengaphambili nge isikhwama esikhethekile, engewona nokho enakekelwa iNhlangano isimo.

Uyini Umshuwalense impesheni: umqondo

Izinhlobo kwezimpesheni yokuzijabulisa ezininginingi, ngakho kufanele ugxile ngamunye ngamunye. impesheni Womshuwalense inkokhelo kanye ngenyanga. Isimo sabo ivala isikhala yokuthi isakhamuzi sakhona oVikelwe kanye nezimali ezibanjwayo umshwalense wenza kusukela amaholo abo kulesi sikhwama. Lolu hlobo yempesheni ikhokhelwa izakhamuzi baqashwe, ngisho sakugcina isipiliyoni somsebenzi. Bazokwazi umhlalaphansi e abesifazane 55 iminyaka, amadoda eminyakeni engu-60. izinkokhelo ezinjalo izofakwa kuphela uma imibandela elandelayo yilezi:

1. Wathi yobudala kufinyelelwe.
2. Kukhona isipiliyoni somsebenzi kanye namathuba sekuyiminyaka okungenani eziyisithupha zomsebenzi ngesikhathi ibhizinisi noma inhlangano.
3. Ukuzuza amaphoyinti. Inombolo yabo incike zamaholo ibhizinisi.

Lapho enqwabelene impesheni ngenxa yokukhubazeka

Izinhlobo impesheni ngoba impesheni ilungiselelo isimo kuhlanganisa into ezifana impesheni yokukhubazeka. impesheni Umhlalaphansi icala isimo ekhubazekile 1, 2, noma amaqembu 3. Ukuze ukwazi nokuqalisa izinkokhelo ezinjalo, owayesethathe umhlala-phansi kumele asebenze okungenani ngosuku kule nkampani. Lapho lesi simo azikwazi ukuhlangabezwa ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, futhi encwadini yomsebenzi Awekho amarekhodi, isakhamuzi ungathola kuphela impesheni zomphakathi, okuyinto kuyoba esincane. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi impesheni yomhlalaphansi ibalwa uma luhlolo iye yakufakazela ukuthi isakhamuzi walimala emsebenzini, futhi engakaze yenziwe ngenhloso.

Amaphuzu ayinhloko kumelwe ukuba unake lapho obeka impesheni ekhubazekile

Lapho isakhamuzi Kumiswa iqembu ukukhubazeka, unelungelo eligcwele claim imali nyanga zonke. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukukhubazeka kumele zibhalwe, ngoba lokhu kuyodingeka unikeze olunye ulwazi:

1. Impesheni ubuncane Kuzoqokwa kuphela uma kukhona ukungakwazi esinqunyiwe noma ephelele ukusebenza, futhi lokhu kuqinisekiswa isitifiketi kusukela iziphathimandla MSEK.
2. Uma MSEK enquma ukuthi isakhamuzi sokukhubazeka yesikhashana, kudingeka njalo ngonyaka ukunweba ukubhekisela ukudlula lapho ngihlolwa.
3. Ukukhubazeka Group ngeke kungithinte usayizi izinkokhelo.

Uma umuntu ukungakwazi egcwele, ukuthi kufanele kube iqembu lokuqala ukukhubazeka, yena isethelwe ukuphila futhi ayidingi kabusha luhlolo. Libuye libe yinto enkulu, okuyinto iyathakazelisa eziningi, yilona impesheni imikhakha ehlukene izakhamuzi - nezingane ezikhubazekile. Ake sihlole kabanzi umbuzo onjani impesheni kuyinto umntwana okhubazekile nokuhlangabezana abantu abakhubazekile eRussia bangathembela noma yiziphi izinkokhelo.

izingane ezikhubazekile 1 iqembu bangalindela ukukhokha inani 12 100, iqembu ekhubazekile yesibili kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuthola 10 000 kwe abaseqenjini lesibili 5034, ekhubazekile iqembu lesithathu - ruble 4279.

impesheni Owasinda sika

Pension accrual yenziwa lapho umondli uyafa. Lezi izinzuzo zikhokhelwa kuphela kulabo bayizakhamuzi abethembele lomuntu oshonile. izinkokhelo ezinjalo lizokhokhiswa izigaba ezithile:

1. Izihlobo zabantwana bakwa-abondla owafa, kodwa kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo ukuthi uneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18 ubudala. Wenza okuhlukile eziningi zingabhekwa njengezincwadi ezinhle ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-23, kodwa kuphela uma ufunda esigcwele.
2. Abafelokazi nabafelwa bazokwazi ukuthola izinzuzo kuphela uma behluleka ukusebenza ngesikhathi kuba yibona. kwenzeka kaningi noma ukuguga noma ukukhubazeka.
3. Abazali umondli oshonile, bukhutshazwe iminyaka, ukukhubazeka.
4. izingane Foster.
5. Abazali Foster owakhuphula umondli oshonile ngokusemthethweni iminyaka okungenani ezinhlanu.

Inani umthetho impesheni owasinda isethwe eceleni esigabeni ngasinye izakhamuzi, iphuzu elibaluleke ukungabi yimuphi omunye umthombo imali ekahle.

Imibhalo for impesheni Abasinda '

Uma ingane efinyelela eminyakeni yobudala engu-18, ukuze uthole inkokhelo isidingo owasinda ukuze uqinisekise ukwethula amaqiniso, eqinisekisa ukuthi ingane luncike ngezinto ezibonakalayo salowo oshonile. Ngokuvamile leli qiniso Kumiswa namajaji. Njengoba ubufakazi, angenza madokumende alandelayo:

1. Zonke izikweletu, ekhomba iqiniso Imali ethunyelwe.
2. Isitifiketi eshoyo ukuthi ingane akusho imali yabo.
3. LobuFakazi.
4. Imibhalo, okuyinto ukhombise ubuhlobo nomndeni nge oshonile.

Inani impesheni owasinda kuyi-kunqunywa kanje:

1. Kubantu abaye bashonelwa umuntu umondli - ruble 5034.
2. Izingane eziye zashonelwa bobabili abazali ukuthola ruble 10 068.

Yiziphi izinkokhelo zenyanga impesheni

Ncika izinkokhelo ezihlobene impesheni, kukhona abantu:

1. Ziyakwazi bamazwe uHulumeni ukuhambisana ngokucacile nazo zonke izimo enikeziwe emthethweni.
2. Abezinye Izizwe abangenayo yisakhamuzi isiRashiya, kodwa nayo nayo yonke imibandela ku-nokuwumisa alinganayo.

Impesheni ingakhokhelwa abantu asebathatha umhlala ngokusemthethweni kodwa ngiqhubeke nomsebenzi wakhe. Kulokhu, akusiyo inkokhelo egcwele impesheni, kodwa kuphela imali ethile. I zokubala kabusha kwenziwa kanye ngonyaka, ekuqaleni kuka-August.

Ukwahlukanisa impesheni okungenzeka bahlukunyezwe futhi uhlobo lokukhokha. Khetha izinhlobo ezimbili impesheni akakwazi, kukhona kuphela izigaba ezithile abantu abanikezwe ezinsizakalweni ezifana izotholakala: ke ehilelekile empini eMpini Yezwe II, izakhamuzi labalimele phakathi nempi, abazali amasosha Kushone lisemsebenzini.

Izinhlobo kwezimpesheni impesheni isimo zihlukaniswe zibe:

1. impesheni Izikhungo. It unikezwa izakhamuzi abasebenza endaweni ethile. Lezi zihlanganisa osomkhathi, amasosha, abaholi bakahulumeni nama-pilot. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuthola impesheni ukuleso, okufanele inombolo ethile edlule.
2. Ukukhokhwa impesheni sokuguga. Lapha, konke kulula, isakhamuzi kufanele abafinyelela eminyakeni yobudala engu umhlalaphansi.

I-oda sokubhalisa zomsebenzi impesheni

Ngaphambi kokuvala emagunyeni, abathi ukubala impesheni yomhlalaphansi isakhamuzi kuyodingeka ukuqoqa imibhalo for impesheni sokuguga. Uma isakhamuzi Russia, idokhumenti esiyinhloko kubhekwa ipasipoti abafokazi - imvume yokuba yisakhamuzi. Iphuzu elibalulekile lokho okwenzeka ukusebenza documentary isiqinisekiso. Pension Fund liyadingeka ukunikeza umsebenzi-ncwadi futhi isitifiketi yokuqala umshwalense. Into kwesokudla kungaba ukucela iseluleko okwengeziwe ukuze yesikhwama sempesheni of esifundeni sakhe, njengoba kukhona kungadinga usizo olwengeziwe. Inqubo yokubhalisa impesheni kusho futhi khona ubukhulu hhayi ngaphansi kuka iminyaka eyisithupha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi abesifazane bangaba umhlalaphansi eneminyaka engu-55, amadoda - e-60.

Imibhalo Key sokubalwa impesheni sokuguga

Ukwenza impesheni sokuguga-ke, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka Pension Fund madokumende alandelayo:

1. Ubufakazi ungubani. Ngokuvamile, lokhu passport yakho. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we sikhombisa usuku lokuzalwa, indawo yokuhlala kanye nezwe lapho ihlala khona isakhamuzi.
2. Sitatimende lesibhaliwe emnyango imibhalo isakhamuzi.
3. Kuvele isitatimende engenayo. Amazwi afana nalawa kalula zithathwe inhlangano lapho umuntu esebenza ngayo. Kuzobakhuthaza wabonisa Amaholo ezinyangeni zamuva.
4. Ikhodi ukuhlonza.
5. Abesilisa kumele sibonise kamazisi yasebusosheni.
6. Uma unezingane, kufanele inike bufakazi bekutsi lokuzalwa kwawo.

Ukwakhela phezu kwasiphi izinkokhelo ongabala izingane zempi?

bamazwe Russian azalelwa phakathi nempi, kuyisigaba kwezenhlalo, ongathuthukisa osizweni isimo. Pension izingane yimpi ikakhulu kuncike ezicini ezengeziwe. Ukuze uthole isimo ingane empini kudingeka kuqala uthintane neHhovisi Social Security. Kuze kube manje, lezi umhlalaphansi bangathembela i ukwanda okwengeziwe impesheni yabo eyisisekelo, akha 300 - 5000 ruble ngenyanga. Endaweni ehlukile, kulesi sigaba sama-izakhamuzi zinikezwa izinzuzo ezengeziwe:

1. Izaphulelo on Tinsita.
2. On ukuthengwa kwemithi.
3. Ezokuthutha zomphakathi.

ngentuthuko yakamuva maqondana indexation kwezimpesheni

Reform impesheni uyaqhubeka ukuba okukhulu, kwaba maqondana nale indexation impesheni kwenziwa yini ngakho kudala. imithetho omusha impesheni, okuyinto buyisana ngokucacile ubukhulu kokukhokhwa kwempesheni. indexation Kugcine kwezimpesheni kwenza kwaba lula:

1. Ukuze wandise kwezabelo yempesheni ngo 4%.
2. Umbuso zinakekelwe ukuthi kufanele ikhokhwe isamba semali kuyinto ruble 5000. Ngalesi inzuzo bangathembela kanye nabahola impesheni ngubani basazama, nalabo abangafuni ukuya emsebenzini.
3. nesabelo zizokwenziwa kusukela August kulo nyaka, okuyinto kufanele inake emali for 2016.

Njengoba ubona, zonke izinhlobo impesheni impesheni isimo zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Ezindabeni ezinjalo, abahola impesheni esizayo kumele babe nekhono futhi ulandele yonke izinguquko ezenzeka ngenxa kabusha. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okuphelele, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo esikhwameni afanelekayo impesheni abasebenzi bazokwazi ukwethula umthetho futhi abale ngokunembile kudingeka nezinzuzo zezenhlalo. Ukuze noma imuphi umuntu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba afaneleke kulezi zindaba, ngoba esikhathini esizayo kungase kuxhomeke nekusasa layo. Uma isheshe kungenzeka ukubheka umbuzo imali yayo yempesheni esizayo, amathuba ngaphezulu ukuze uthole kusuka isimo konke kuyadingeka ukuthi kube nomthetho kazwelonke.