German Truck "Opel Blitz": Umlando kanye nezici

"Opel Blitz" - kungcono cishe omunye amaloli oyisilomo seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Umshini yaziwa, ngoba mass. Sasazi imoto e-USSR. Kwakunesidingo futhi ezine-wheel drive version. Kodwa ngakho wayazi okuncane, nakuba ingenye amaloli eziphambili esikhathini esiningi.

Amaloli lokuqala kakhulu "Opel Blitz", etholwe ngendlela Trophies, yebo, wavusa isithakazelo bangempela zonke. Imoto wayengekho ezithakazelisayo kuphela ngoba, kuze kube sekupheleni 1941 zonke izincwadi ezazithunyelwa Trophies etholwe ibutho laseSoviet, wabheka ivelakancane - ikakhulukazi amasosha ngesikhathi ukubaleka wanika izimoto zabo kanye nezinye izimbangi imishini. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-German embonini yezimoto Ingase imangaze - imishini babephelele okuningi. Izimoto ezifana ezine-wheel drive "Blitz" eU.SSR futhi wayengekho nhlobo.

umbani

History of the Truck German "Opel Blitz" futhi ingxenye omunye wabahlanganyeli enkulu impi yaqala ezingaphezu kuka ngokuthula. Imoto wakhela ngonyaka 30. Le nkampani "Opel", okuyinto ngonyaka odlule laba impahla yabantwana "Motors Jikelele", uchungechunge lwe onobuhle amaloli nge Inkokhelo ithani elilodwa. I "Opel", ukudala lo mshini, aqikelele ukuthi Reichswehr - ke ibutho lamaJalimane hhayi kuhluke noma ngamandla noma ukusekelwa ngokwezimali. Germany adingeka ezingabizi, ngesikhathi esifanayo okunokwethenjelwa futhi iqine amaloli.

izimoto Commercial futhi manje kuyaqabukela ngokuthi ngamagama efanele. Ngaleyo minyaka, le ndlela yaba wawumusha. Ikakhulukazi ukuthi "Umbani" (ukuthi ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi "Blitz"), owawuzovumelana sports imoto enkulu noma kwesendiza yempi. Kodwa imoto "Opel Blitz (Lightning)" kwaba ngempela elinokuthula. Kodwa ngo-1935 isimo sesishintshile njengoba izikhathi sezishintshile, futhi ngenxa automaker German. Kwakungenxa kulo nyaka e Brandenburg waqeda ukwakha embonini yesimanje, lapho kuhlelwe ukukhiqiza amaloli kuphela. Manje oMbusi le mishini zidinga ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngigcizelela iloli amathani angu-3. ku-37 Weza ezweni.

Izici kanye Imininingwane

Imoto ngesikhathi ayebhekwa njengengxenye ephelele. I gumbi, eyenzelwe abantu abathathu, wabheka ngempela nice. Ngenxa injini eziyisithupha cylinder, amaJalimane esetshenziswa iyunithi 3.6-litre, okwakunginika 75 hp Uqinisile iyunithi efanayo lapho efakwe umfuziselo umgibeli Flagship sha-German.

Lo mbhangqwana ingezwe injini kanye ezinhlanu-ngesivinini transmission ibhukwana elilodwa-ipuleti bamba ezomile. Umshini ifakwe wokubacindezela ukushaqeka ezidayiswayo. On ezingeni onguthelawayeka "Opel Blitz" anjalo amandla ingxenye angase yashesha ku-90 km / h, lokho kwaba ijubane eliphezulu kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Fuel ukusetshenziswa zazisuka amalitha per km 100 25 kuya ku-36.

Letindlela ke zithandwa kakhulu e-Wehrmacht. Nokho, kanye monoprivodnom imoto kwakudingekile kakhulu futhi wonke-wheel drive iloli. zithi Military nemikhankaso eyayise-izingxenye eziningi zomhlaba - bangabaphingi bonke ezahlukene. Ngokwemvelo, kukhona lapho kwakukhona impi yama waya kwamaNazi, umgwaqo ingabonakali. I inguqulo eyisisekelo ezingemuva-wheel umthwalo esithwele nomthamo 3.3 amathani wayegcwele mass esiphezulu 5800 kg. Khishiwe iminyaka yayo 37 kuya 44. Umshini waba wheelbase ka 3.600 mm kanye nesisindo lomgwaqo weloli kuyinto 2500 kg. Imoto ifakwe fuel ithangi eyodwa 82 amalitha. Iloli futhi wayenawo wonke amathuba zathi trailer nesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani amabili.

40, ngokuhlanganyela monoprivodnom okufushane eseqala ukuveza futhi wonke-wheel imodeli drive. Lapha, ukudluliswa ibhokisi ezimbili isivinini efakwe ngaphezu ukudluliswa ezinhlanu-speed.

injini

Amandla iyunithi wayesekhathele 75 amahhashi ngesikhathi ivolumu 3.6 amalitha. Lokhu injini kakade efakwe imoto "Admiral", futhi kwaba umkhuba ovamile inkampani. Torque esiphezulu injini saboniswa at 3120 rev / imiz. Engine ukusebenza kwaqondana ZIS-5 Soviet, kodwa amaJalimane kwaba kakade ezincane ivolumu aluminium crankcase, isilinda ikhanda wenza cast iron.

lokhu isilinganiso injini kokucindezelwa wayebuye angabacwasi "umgibeli". Ukuze ukusebeza kahle motor kufanele kudle fuel izinga kuphela. Lokhu kungabi sengxenyeni ngokuphelele kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa fuel ezithwetshulwe eMpumalanga.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngo-January 1942, "Opel" waqala ukuthuthukisa injini ukuguqulwa ngezinhlamvu ezincane zlib isilinganiso. Lezi zinguquko ziye zaletha nokuncipha amandla afinyelela ku 68 amahhashi. ngesivinini esiphezulu kwehle ku-80 km / h. Umshini kwadingeka inqolobane ezinhle iloli ifakwe uphethiloli ka 92 amalitha.

Nge sesimanje bese ukhulisa petrol: emotweni waqala ukudla-30 amalitha eliphezulu onguthelawayeka namalitha mayelana 40 ezimweni off-road.

Four-wheel drive

Ochwepheshe-mlando we-German imoto umkhakha phakathi nempi, wagomela ngokuthi "Opel Blitz" Wehrmacht-wheel drive (yakhelwe ngonyaka 38th) ayidaliwe izidingo yempi. Ngikholwa kunzima kakhulu. Imoto ngaphezu kudingekile futhi Wehrmacht futhi SS. Ngo kwamaNazi ayehlela okukhulu. Futhi ubani, uma hhayi inkampani, "Opel", nokwakha umshini ezinjalo. Base kuqhathaniswa imodeli monoprivodnom kwaba esimfushane. iloli Standard has a phansi 3600 mm. I ngaphambili ne motor emuva. Clearance ushiye ngokufanayo njengoba kwakunjalo. Kuyinto elilingana 225 amamilimitha angu. Ukuze iloli amasondo akusiyo kakhulu. Lamasondo angemuva ezifakiwe. Ngenxa iloli ezinhle traction ungase sikhuphuka 40 degrees.

Kuhlelo ukudluliswa, njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, sesifake ibhokisi yokudlulisa. isilinganiso salo 1: 1,93. Ngesikhathi esifanayo afeze ziguquka zisuka irowu engenhla amagiya aphansi kungaba sendleleni - udinga nje usebenzise double nokukhama bamba. Kuleyo minyaka engu-, lesi sakhiwo bekulokhu siyindlala.

Four-wheel drive - kuyinto throughput anda futhi amathuba amaningi emigwaqweni. Kodwa lezi zinzuzo siyithola imihlatshelo eside. Ngakho, kukhuphuke throughput, futhi nalo lenyuka futhi petrol. On ipasipoti idatha Truck "Opel Blitz" Kwadingeka kudle 40 amalitha. ukukhwezelwa ukunyakaza lapho ayikho imigwaqo. Kodwa-ke kumele ukuthi, lapho amasosha aseJalimane waqhubeka le mishini, petrol yayingabalulekile. ngesivinini esiphezulu imoto emgwaqeni omkhulu kuyinto 85 km / h.

Ukuhlola kuye kwabonisa ukuthi lokhu iloli imodeli ubhekana kahle imisebenzi yayo. Kanjalo-ke, ngo-1940, imoto ukusebenzisa ochungechungeni. Uhlolo yokuqala isabelo ukukhanya imoto commercial livelile ngonyaka th 41. Umshini lwavivinywa e-Afrika - amaloli uthenge inkonzo amabutho Rommel sika.

Ukuswela nobunzima

Wheel drive nguqulo ye "Opel Blitz" (bheka isithombe kulesi sihloko), sithola ingcono kakhulu blitzkrieg okuhleliwe. Impi for eJalimane, futhi umhlaba wonke yaphenduka nhlekelele enkulu igazi. Wazizwa abantu nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ubuchwepheshe, kufaka phakathi izimoto. Futhi ukuvumela izimoto German babephelele, kodwa babengesibo ekwindla ka 1941 nezwi egxilile odakeni Russian. Winter yesithwathwa izinjini Russian ihlolwe ukuze zonke saphela ukuqala. Ezimweni ezinjalo, wonke-wheel drive-German Truck "Opel Blitz" kancani kancani baba kusilela.

ukulungiswa

"Blitz" is kabanzi cishe yonke zokwakheka ka ibutho lamaJalimane. Baletha imithwalo, ethwele amathuluzi, elihamba zithutha.

Truck chassis efakwe ezihlukahlukene imifanekiso zemizimba ngokhuni nensimbi ngamapulangwe zinobude obuhlukayo, ematendeni igcwele, amabhentshi namanye amadivayisi. Ngesisekelo zokuguqulwa ezihlukahlukene wadala platform. Model "Opel Blitz" Kwatholakala ukuthi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kakhulu.

Truck ukuthutha abalimele

Inkampani German "eningi" efakwe iloli imikiswe umzimba sanitary lapho ukuthutha abalimele kanye wawabeka yokusebenza insimu laboratory. Le nkampani futhi ukhiqiza amaloli jikelele futhi umlilo. Kumila imodeli esetshenziswa imoto futha, ezakhiwe emsamo ezingemuva-drive. Ngesisekelo wonke-wheel drive umlilo ithangi yadalwa.

ibhasi W39

Lena ukuguqulwa kunazo owaziwa. Wakhe ubona isithombe ngezansi. Yakhelwe ibhasi, ahlomele impi, safika umzimba wonke-metal. Ngaphakathi kuwo engalingana 30-32 umuntu. Ikhishwa le mishini 39 ukuze '44. Imodeli besihloselwe ukuthuthwa izikhulu ngezinhloso sanitary.

Lezi amabhasi bazinza indlunkulu, ukunyatheliswa. Iloli ongafinyelela ngesivinini kuyafana imodeli isizinda. Fuel ukusetshenziswa okungenani amathathu amalitha ngamunye amakhilomitha angamakhulu.

Ukuguqulwa "Mule"

Nge 42 '44 ezikhishwe acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezine nengxenye-ithrekhi iloli-tractor ngesisekelo "Opel" polnopriovdnogo chassis. Omunye onobuhle ubona isithombe ngezansi. Ngo ukuguqulwa usebenzisa izinjini engasindi. Ilayisensi yathengwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi. Truck ifakwe asekelayo disc ezinamasondo namaculo uhlelo eshintsha ijubane ukujikeleza.

Kwaba enye yalezi zimoto impumelelo. Le modeli wakwazi ukuthatha indawo phakathi "Ford" imikhiqizo efanayo futhi "Klöckner-Deutz". Imoto isisindo kwaba cishe izinkulungwane eziyisithupha khilogremu, futhi amakhilomitha 100 kwakudingekile 50 amalitha nophethiloli. Ijubane lapho wakwazi ukusheshisa iloli, akukho amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-38 ngehora ngalinye (ngenxa okusezingeni eliphezulu isisindo unladen).

Namuhla ungakwazi ukuthenga "Opel Blitz (Mule)" 1:35. Lokhu ukwehla imodeli olunembile. Kuyoba ezithakazelisayo kulabo abanentshisekelo ngempi nomlando yezimoto. Ngesisekelo chassis wadala nezinye ukuhlela kabusha, Nokho - lena iyilabo main, kanye edume kunazo zonke.

"Blitz" ngemva kwempi

Ehlobo lika-1944, ngemva ngamabhomu, ifektri ezimbili eziyinhloko "Opel" wawa. Ukukhiqizwa lezi amaloli lihlehliselwe ngesikhathi "Daimler-Benz". Ngemva kwempi yonke imishini sathathwa kokuphindela eSoviet Union, futhi "Opel" ne baseMelika kabusha ukukhiqiza futhi baqhubeka ukukhiqiza lezi amaloli.

Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa ke bayokhululwa "Opel Bedford Blitz", okuyinto iyohluka ezinhle izici lobuchwepheshe kanye nemishini. Kodwa lokho kungenye indaba.

isiphetho

Ngakho esiphethweni umlando we Truck "Opel Blitz". German "Umbani" - kuyinto Analogue of "iloli" Gorky sika. Kodwa imishini yethu laseSoviet eziqinile okuningi. Truck "Opel" enqaba ukuthi ziqalise ku yesithwathwa ezinzima nokulula ahlale "on esiswini" ngenxa imvume 22-isentimitha. Kuze kube manje, le mishini kungabonwa kuphela njengoba emnyuziyamu othile noma amaphethini ukwehla ezizimele.