Izinhlangano lokungakahleleki nalokuhlelekile: umqondo, emigomweni

Umnotho yakhiwa imisebenzi izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene. izinhlangano lokungakahleleki nalokuhlelekile ziyisisekelo isimiso sezomnotho. Bangase babe isakhiwo ehlukile, ahlukahlukene emigomweni, kodwa injongo yabo eyinhloko - uhlanganyela ekukhiqizeni futhi ibhizinisi imisebenzi.

Umqondo inhlangano

Isethulo ngenhlangano kwakhiwa ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo eyala ezifana nezezimali kanye nokuphathwa. Ngaphansi kuyaqondakala futhi inqubo lapho usuwakhiwe ilawulwa yiluphi uhlelo, futhi iqoqo leminye ekusebenzisaneni amasistimu namaqembu ahlukahlukene ngokuhamba umsebenzi ngokuhlanganyela, futhi ndawonye abantu for ukugcwaliseka izinkinga. Ngokuvamile, kuba ezintathu izinhlobo nezinhlangano zomlando: umphakathi, izinkampani kanye nezinhlangano. Kuye Sakhiwo sangekhatsi isimiso kukhona izinhlangano kanye nezenzo esisemthethweni. Kodwa noma kunjalo, zingabantu iqembu labantu imigomo efanayo kanye nezinhloso. Isici esiyinhloko nhlangano ukuba abantu abambalwa abenza ndawonye ekuphishekeleni ukuzuzwa ezibalulekile emphakathini, umgomo ofanayo. Izinhlangano kukhona isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi inani elikhulu zilwane.

ohlakeni lwale nhlangano

Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwesifundo izinhlangano ngukutsi zihlukaniswa isakhiwo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. Kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, oxhumene uhlelo izakhi anemisebenzi ehlukahlukene nokuthi isakhiwo. I ohlakeni lwale nhlangano kungaphansi logic sangaphakathi izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ikhombisa imininingwane nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa ibhizinisi futhi yakhelwe lula isixazululo ephumelela kunazo zonke izinkinga zomnotho kanye nezomnotho.

Ngokuvamile, ohlakeni lwale nhlangano ibhekwa njengevela isilawuli. Uhlaka lwenhlangano ichazwa ukuphathwa imisebenzi kanye nemisebenzi ye-inkampani, lokhu kuthonywa izinkinga zomnotho - isakhiwo okunengqondo yenhlangano ukunciphisa izindleko. Futhi, uhlaka lwenhlangano kuthonywa izinto ezifana uhlobo control, degree of yinye amayunithi ngabanye kokusebenza, nokwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi, imvelo yangaphandle, abasebenzi ukuphathwa isu izindlela ubuhlobo.

Ohlakeni lwale nhlangano kunomthelela ukusebenza kanye nokwethulwa ngokuyiko kwezinhlelo izinqumo isinqumo-ezibucayi ukukhiqizwa nokuphathwa. Uhlaka lwenhlangano kufanele kube nezimo, kodwa esigculisayo, ukwandisa sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe yenkampani emakethe.

Izinhlobo yenhlangano izakhiwo

On ekutadisheni uhlaka lwenhlangano , kunezinqubo eziningana. Esikhathini isici yomsebenzi ohlakeni lwale nhlangano - uhlelo lezinto ezibonakalayo futhi izinqubo ukuthi kukhona isisekelo ukuqaliswa kwazo zonke izinqubo. isakhiwo Technical isisekelo ubudlelwano obusebenzayo phakathi kwabasebenzi, umthelela kokuqukethwe kanye uhlobo lomsebenzi, inquma uhlobo ubuhlobo babo nabanye kanye zokusebenza phakathi kwabasebenzi kanye nomthelela ngokuhlelwa komphakathi inhlangano.

Ngokuhlelwa komphakathi inhlangano ihlanganisa ekuxhumaneni ekuchumana intergroup, luqhubeke kuze kube imigomo, izimiso zokuziphatha, amandla. isakhiwo Social kuthonywa izici eziningana: amandla lobuholi kanye nekhono lakhe ukwakha amasu kanye ubudlelwano, ukuthembeka, efaneleyo, isimo sokuziphatha kanye ngokwengqondo bezikhali collective, zokudala futhi professional yabasebenzi, isinyathelo sabo, amandla nesifiso funa izindlela ababezibheka wokwenza izinkinga.

Uphiko wesithathu isakhiwo wenhlangano - sociotechnical, lesi sakhiwo siqukethe izindlela kwezendawo ukulethwa abasebenzi emisebenzini yabo, ukuqinisekisa ukulumbana kwabo.

Isakhiwo senhlangano ye inkampani ukuphathwa zingahlukaniswa zibe phezulu futhi adhokraticheskie. Futhi, isakhiwo phezulu ihlukaniswe komugqa, ukusebenza, komugqa-functional, kweminyango, nabanye. A zihlukaniswe organic-matrix, umklamo kanye lamabutho.

izakhiwo phezulu Uyi ezivamile uhlobo izinhlangano bona aguquka kancane kancane ngokuhamba ukuvela ukuphathwa. isakhiwo Linear yenhlangano ilula futhi ejwayelekile izinkampani nge umjikelezo elula yokukhiqiza. Kulezi izinhlangano, bonke imijikelezo ehlangana ngaphansi ikhanda, okuyinto yena, kukhonjelwe abaphathi ephakeme. Kuyunithi angenela ngokugcwele umsebenzi eMnyangweni wakhe. Inzuzo yalesi sakhiwo ukusebenza sobala unit ngayinye futhi imenenja yayo, esebenza kahle vzaimopodchineniya uhlelo nokusatshalaliswa imisebenzi, endaweni ecacile umthwalo zabaholi isixhumanisi ngamunye. I yokuntula kwezakhiwo yenhlangano ezinjalo zibizwa yinkimbinkimbi jikelele amasu ukuphathwa amayunithi, ngalinye elikwazi uyayixazulula inkinga, kodwa kancane ahileleke ukuqaliswa izinhlelo zamasu, ukushintsha-shintsha abampofu futhi Ukuphendula yezinguquko zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, ngezinga eliphezulu of ukwencika Imiphumela kusukela abaphathi bomsebenzi. isakhiwo Functional yenhlangano zehluke nesimiso sokuhlukanisa amayunithi komugqa, wadala ngesisekelo imisebenzi. Ngo nezinhlangano ezifana, kuvame kuba cross-Umhlahlandlela ngu kumculi ofanayo, okuyinto nzima kakhulu ukuphathwa. Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nezakhiwo zisebenza kahle - uphuma esikhathini esidlule, izindlela ukulawula, kusukela angahlangabezani izidingo zanamuhla ukuphathwa.

isakhiwo Linear-functional ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili eyedlule, kulesi simo, abaphathi umugqa ancike imisebenzi amayunithi sokusebenza. Letakhi ziwusizo uhlobo olufanayo izinqubo ukukhiqizwa ngodondolo ka kungekho abantu abangaphezu kuka-3,000. Uhlobo ngaphezulu wanamuhla isakhiwo esinjalo inhlangano yemigqa-abasebenzi lapho umsebenzi ngamunye kudalwa indlunkulu, kusiza abaphathi ngokwandayo ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyisisekelo. isakhiwo koMphathi libhekene izinkampani ezinkulu nge umjikelezo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukukhiqizwa. Division mina - production esisodwa, iholwa umholi ngubani sisolwe ngokuphelele umsebenzi nethimba lakhe. Uqhekeko kungenziwa abelwe kwisifunda (lokhu kuyaqondakala uhlelo legatsha) noma umkhiqizo. Phezulu inhlangano isakhiwo izinze, kodwa ukungabaza ngezinga elithile ongaphakeme nezimo bedle esiguquguqukayo. Ngokuvamile esakhiweni esifana kukhona isikhathi ngesinqumo, izithiyo bureaucratic.

izakhiwo Organic zenzelwe ukususa isigaba sabefundisi amaphutha, ziyadalwa ezimweni ezithile futhi asabela ngokushesha noma yiziphi izinguquko, nezimo - lena umehluko yabo eyinhloko futhi inzuzo. Brigadnaya ezahlukene isakhiwo ovundlile ezihilela abasebenzi abasebenza emaqenjini. Buhle izakhiwo sinjalo Ukusetshenziswa kahle amandla, isivinini izinqumo, kodwa zikhona nobunzima abalele yinkimbinkimbi wokuxhumanisa wonke amaqembu futhi sifinyelele imigomo amasu. Ngokufanayo lapho isakhiwo project, lapho akhethiwe iqembu elisebenza ngaphansi ukubulawa umsebenzi othile. Matrix noma uhlelo target isakhiwo siqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili izakhi: amasevisi tekusebentisa amaphrojekthi noma izinhlelo. Kuzo kukhona kuhanjiswa double, nokuthi yokuntuleka izinhlangano ezinjalo. Kodwa inzuzo nekusebenta ukuphathwa, ukuqeqesheka, ukusebenza high, nokuxhumana izinkinga zamanje kanye lwentuthuko.

Futhi, ohlakeni lwale nhlangano sehlukaniswe loluhlelekile nalolungakahleleki. Loluhlelekile - kuba isakhiwo, okuyinto ilungiswe noma yimaphi amadokhumenti, isakhiwo lolungakahleleki - ke angesabi athuthukile ubudlelwano abasebenzi nokuhlukanisa labo ngemacembu ngaphakathi eqenjini. Izinhlaka eziyinhloko nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana ngokwethukela. amaqembu lokungakahleleki zenzeka ngaphandle kokuhlela kusengaphambili, lapho kuphakama isidingo, ngakho babe mobile kanye nesakhiwo oluhambelana. Kuye isimo, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla nemisebenzi emaqenjini ezinjalo zingaphenduka kalula nje ukushintshwa.

Izinjongo kanye nemisebenzi yenhlangano

izinhlangano lokungakahleleki nalokuhlelekile zidalwe egameni ukulungela inhloso ethize, futhi ukucacisa uhlobo nokwakheka inkampani. Kuyinto eyaziwayo ukuthi inhlangano elinesimo izinjongo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ahlukahlukene, lezi zibandakanya:

• imigomo Strategic. Ekwakhiweni komhlaba wonke, yesikhathi eside imigomo lenkampani - kuyingxenye ebalulekile of imisebenzi abaphathi. Lezi imigomo zihlanganisa isikhundla yenkampani emakethe, umfanekiso waso ukusebenza yezimboni futhi commercial ebalulekile ekukhuleni njalo okwesikhathi eside.
• Izinjongo Tactical. Indlela ukuze afinyelele imigomo global njalo kweza ukuzuzwa wazibekela imigomo yesikhathi esifushane. Ukuze lolu hlobo imigomo zinselele eziqhubekayo nokusebenza ukuthi uqiniseka angena isiqondiso jikelele amasu yentuthuko.
• imigomo Economic. Noma iyiphi inhlangano uzibekele umgomo inzuzo yokwenziwa, Kumelwe luboniswe value kwamanani: e lemali nesikhathi ukufeza.
• imigomo Production. ekukhuleni wenkampani awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela sesimanje kanye ngcono ukukhiqiza. Ukuthengwa kwemishini, ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe, ukufuna izindawo ezintsha of ukuqaliswa - konke isifuthefuthe ku isu yokukhiqiza.
• imigomo Komphakathi. Ukudala isimo kumiswa ngosiko, umthelela emphakathini kanye namasiko - konke lokhu futhi kuyingxenye ebalulekile enhlanganweni.

Injongo yenhlangano esisemthethweni kuvame fixed kulo mthetho-sisekelo futhi iyona ngemibono futhi ugqozi emvelweni, kufanele ihlotshaniswe ne umsebenzi wenkampani. Izinhloso amaqembu lolungakahleleki ngokuvamile kungukuthi fixed zibhalwe futhi avele namagugu ezivamile kanye nezithakazelo. Zonke tinhloso inhlangano lifaka uqale ngokubaluleke kakhulu futhi, okusekelwe kuwo, bahlanganise amasu namacebo umsebenzi.

Izici and izimfanelo kwenhlangano

Naphezu kokungafani okukhulu phakathi izinhlangano, abelana izici esivela phi of them. Isici esiyinhloko kwenhlangano - khona ilitshe, lapho useduze nabo bonke abahlanganyela kuso.

Kuvele isici esibalulekile inhlangano esisemthethweni - isimo salo zomthetho nesizungu. Inhlangano kufanele ube nendlela ngokomthetho-usufikile zokuphatha, enikeza isimo salo ekhethekile. Ukuba Wedwa kuyabonakala kuvalwe ukukhiqizwa nokuphathwa izinqubo zangaphakathi ukuthi ukudala umngcele phakathi kwenhlangano kanye nezwe elingaphandle. Isibonakaliso elilandelayo kwenhlangano - ke lubaluleke nokutholakala kwezinsiza: womuntu, ezezimali, impahla, izinhlangano zikahulumeni njengoba umthombo ube namandla. Inhlangano sinezici ezifana ukuzithiba ke inemisebenzi wemfanelo futhi kuthatha izinqumo main bebodwa. Kodwa yena uhlala kuncike imvelo bangaphandle, esithinta imisebenzi yayo. Isici esibalulekile kuba phambi isiko yenhlangano okukhona ngesimo yenkampani izinkambiso, amasiko, imikhuba izinganekwane.

Izimpawu yizinhlangano ezisemthethweni

inhlangano izici ephakeme ezivamile isici esisemthethweni inezici ayo ehlukile. Eyokuqala yalezi zici khona iqoqo imibhalo olawula imisebenzi yayo: imiyalelo, iziqondiso, imithetho, iziqondiso, linqume wakhe inkambo ethile yesenzo etimeni letehlukene. Ngakho, imisebenzi yayo ekuqaleni zaformalizovana. Isakhiwo esisemthethweni kwenhlangano kanye zihlanganisa amaqembu ngokwethukela, kodwa izingxenye zalo esisemthethweni zihlale evelele. Ngakho, le nhlangano esisemthethweni kuyinto ebanzi njalo engahleliwe.

Izimpawu izinhlangano lolungakahleleki

I azifani izinhlangano lolungakahleleki lihlukaniswe antipode yayo. Lezi zimo zokuma zihlanganisa:

• Ukutholakala lokulawula yomphakathi. izinhlangano lokungakahleleki bangaphansi ebhekiwe amalungu abo futhi imvelo bangaphandle, ukuze kutholakale ukuziphatha kuvunyelwa esingamukeleki. Amalungu wamaqembu lolungakahleleki sinquma amaphethini ezithile zokuziphatha, i-ayesephambuka kwezinkambiso imithetho ilungu iqembu elinda basole noma waxoshwa kulo iqembu.
• Ukuvimbela ushintsho. Esinye isici amaqembu lolungakahleleki yilona ukumelana yangaphakathi ukushintsha, iqembu ivame ukuba self-sokulondoloza izinguquko njengomkhaya usongo wokusinda kwalo.
• Ukuba khona abaholi ngokwethukela. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu amaqembu sinjalo khona abaholi ngokwethukela. Umholi weqembu - ke liyisici isakhiwo ukwakha izinhlangano ezinjalo, ezithunyelwe amalungelo athile nezibopho, futhi ine trust nokubonwa phakathi amalungu eqembu.

izinhlobo zezinhlangano

Ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona izinhlangano loluhlelekile nalolungakahleleki, njengoba kungaba adedelwe kanye nezinye izinhlobo. Bangakwazi oluthathwa by umkhakha: .. Trade, ukukhiqizwa, kucocisana, inkonzo, njll Ngokusho isimo esemthethweni yenhlangano zingahlukaniswa zibe kwezohwebo okungezona zokuhweba. Ngokuya ukukhiqizwa kungathiwa izinhlangano amancane, aphakathi nendawo kanye enkulu. ngezigaba Basic ezihlobene ngokuyinhloko inhlangano esemthethweni, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zawo angase aziphilele eqenjini ngokwethukela.

imvelo inhlangano Yangaphakathi sika

Isici esibalulekile salo nhlangano khona imvelo yangaphakathi. Ukuze wakhe ngokwesiko zihlanganisa imigomo, izinjongo, isakhiwo senhlangano, imithombo wobuntu nobuchwepheshe. Imvelo yangaphakathi - isakhiwo ezithathekayo, ngoba sixhomeke kakhulu isimo. esisemthethweni inhlangano uhlelo siqukethe amaqembu esungulwe ubuholi emisebenzini yabo ziqondiswe imithetho nemitheshwana ebekwe imibhalo. Kulesi isici imvelo yangaphakathi ngokuvamile ekhulunyelwa njengonguMninimandla tincenye ngosiko wenhlangano. Iqembu esisemthethweni kulokhu kungase kube uyashintsha, kodwa umqalisi kuyinto umphathi. amaqembu lokungakahleleki nakho kuyingxenye imvelo yangaphakathi, kodwa imisebenzi yabo ngezinga elincane kusengaphambili futhi ukusebenza kwezikole zokusoka. Lapha indima ebalulekile udlalwa ngokukhulumisana, uthando ubudlelwano, nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi sezulu ngokwengqondo wesiqhema esisebenzako.

amaqembu loluhlelekile nalolungakahleleki enhlanganweni

Isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi izinhlangano, ikakhulu ezinkulu, kuhilela Ukukhetha ngaphakathi ngamaqembu amancane ukusebenzela imisebenzi ehlukene. Zingaba umbiko lohlelekile nobe longakahleleki. Indima amaqembu esisemthethweni ukuxazulula izinkinga yezimboni futhi commercial e bhukwana imfundo. amaqembu ezinjalo isikhathi kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi, isibonelo, ukwakha iphrojekthi. imisebenzi yabo kulawulwa imibhalo efana oda, okuyinto ukwaba amandla futhi inselele. Kodwa izinkampani ezinkulu zihlale izinhlangano nokuguqulwa nalolungakahleleki. Izibonelo maqembu zingatholakala kunoma iyiphi isitshalo. Bona phinda angesabi ngesisekelo ukuthandwa siqu kanye nezithakazelo. Futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile enhlanganweni, njengoba rally team, ifomu kanye nokugcina isimo inhlangano, sandla ekwenteni ncono ngosiko.

Umqondo futhi indima umholi weqembu

izinhlangano lokungakahleleki nalokuhlelekile e ukusebenza kwawo kusekelwe abaholi. Umholi we umqondo kusikisela ukuba khona lo muntu ekhethekile izici ezingokwengqondo izimfanelo. Umholi - umuntu kuletha ithemba leqembu, kumele kube igunya. Uma amaqembu esisemthethweni uqashe ngokusemthethweni i executive ongelona umholi, emaqenjini lolungakahleleki uhlale umholi, ophakanyisiwe zale ndima ngenxa yezimfanelo zakhe siqu. Umholi weqembu esenza abantu babuthanele futhi zibashukumisele ukuba enze noma isiphi isenzo, akayikwaphula ingcindezi kubo, ngoba abasebenzi ngokuzithandela ezithunyelwe amandla akhe. Ukuphathwa lanamuhla itusa ukulawula phambili, sithembele amaqembu abo amandla nsiza.

Ukuphathwa yenhlangano esisemthethweni

ukuphathwa esisemthethweni lenhlangano kusekelwe imisebenzi yendabuko ukuphathwa: ukuhlela, inhlangano, ukulawula, ugqozi kanye nokudidiyela. Ngo nezinhlangano ezifana, lunqume iyona nokwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi okuyinto inike komunye umsebenzi uchungechunge production. izinhlangano zikahulumeni, isibonelo, usebenze ngesisekelo izincazelo umsebenzi, okuyinto ngokucacile kakhulu libalule umsebenzi, amandla, ibe nemalungelo kanye netibopho amalungu abasebenzi ezihlukahlukene. Ngo kukahulumeni onjalo indima ukuphathwa kuphezulu kakhulu, njengoba abadlali akufanele enze izinqumo, ke akufanele aphonsele ukuthola imiyalelo. iqembu loluhlelekile idinga umholi babezonikezwa elizobhekana. Ukuphathwa ngenxa inhlangano ogrstrukturoy yayo esisemthethweni, izinjongo, ububanzi, fakotrami imvelo ngaphakathi kanye nabangaphandle.

Ukuphathwa leqembu lolungakahleleki

inhlangano lolungakahleleki yezenhlalakahle kusikisela inkululeko ethile, akusiyo wokwehlayo ejwayelekile kwamandla, into esemqoka lapha - ukuxhumana nomphakathi kanye nobudlelwane. Ukuphathwa iqembu elinjalo wenziwa tinkhombandlela eziningana, nendawo, kusukela phansi kuya phezulu futhi phezulu kuya phansi. ukuphathwa lolungakahleleki lenhlangano afeze abaholi esisemthethweni, kodwa kaningi izinso inikezwa abaholi umbono, abanalo igunya leqembu. Kulezi izinhlangano, awukwazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ajwayelekile ukuphathwa ngendlela imiyalelo kanye oda ngokuvamile ukuphathwa Kwenziwa esebenzisa izindlela ngokwengqondo ithonya kanye nomthelela. Lokungakahleleki Group Management incike ukuziqambela, iqembu usayizi, isimo kanye nokusungulwa.