Izindleko elilinganiswayo - Iyini?

Ukuze esigabeni ngasinye imisebenzi yokwakhiwa libalwe yephrojekthi utshalomali. It wachaza ngokuningiliziwe zonke izinto zokwakha ezidingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe, ukusebenza kanye sokukhokha. Lokhu kubalwa enemininingwane unegama ayo - izindleko ezilinganiselwa ukwakhiwa.

definition

Izindleko Kulinganiselwa - inani nemali eyayidingeka ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo. Kubandakanya izindleko izindleko zokwakha, inkokhelo yomsebenzi inkontileka, izindleko ukuthenga imishini, ukudiliva nokuthulula ukufakwa. Kususelwa izilinganiso elakhiwe nokubika kanye nokuhlola imisebenzi izinhlangano ukwakhiwa.

Izindleko Kulinganiselwa - isisekelo ukubala incwadi ukubaluleka insiza ethunywe. Kulinganiselwa ngesisekelo:

1. Imibhalo Ukusebenza, imidwebo, izincwadi zezikweletu ukwakhiwa, ukwakhiwa ngezinto eziza kuqala, inothi ochazayo ukuthi izinto.
2. iziqondiso yamanje, ukuthengisa amanani imishini kanye yokusungula.
3. Izinqumo zikahulumeni lesi sakhiwo abafanele.

izindlela ukubala

Ukunqunywa izindleko ezilinganiselwa umthombo wenziwa, inkomba noma indlela base-index. Esimweni sokuqala-ke kwenziwa ukubala we isilinganiso amanani zamanje for izinsiza neziqondiso izindleko zawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo indlela Inkomba kuhilela ukubala elihlangene. Izisetshenziswa lapho kukhona amanani okuthengisa umkhiqizo kuhlanganise zamukelwa ngaleso amanani kwesamba isilinganiso. Ukuze zonke ezinye izinto ezibekwa Inkomba izindleko ezilinganiselwa inkontileka. Uma engekho, izici zigunyazwe zikahulumeni. Izinkomba ukuguqulwa ukubaluleka izilinganiso ishintsha ikota ngalinye. Indlela eyisisekelo kuhilela nokwenza ukuba lolu cwaningo ukubala inkomba izakhi izindleko.

isakhiwo

Kumiswa izindleko ezilinganiselwa wokwakha kusuka izindleko:

• ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo;
• ukuthenga futhi ukufakwa imishini;
• nezinye izindleko.

Cabanga ngamunye izakhi kabanzi. imisebenzi Ukwakhiwa zihlanganisa nemisebenzi yokwakhiwa (itshe, umhlaba, usimende) phezu kwakhiwa isakhiwo kanye ukufakwa izakhiwo. Lapha futhi zihlanganisa ilungiselelo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zobunjiniyela (amapayipi, ukupholisa nokuthuthwa kwendle kanye nabanye.).

Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa ukufakwa kwemishini, uxhumano ubuchwepheshe wiring, ugesi. Izindleko elilinganisiwe ukwakhiwa kanye ukufakwa msebenzi uhilela ukuthenga futhi zokuthutha izindleko zokwakha, mark-up of the umnyango ukuthengisela, kubalwa ngamanani eziyisisekelo. Iqembu nanoma iziphi ezinye izindleko zihlanganisa izindleko somklamo, ukuqeqeshwa, ukugcinwa qembu lokwakha, kanye nenqubo abathengisa nabanye.

izinhlobo izilinganiso

Kumiswa izindleko isamba umsebenzi kusukela amabhajethi zendawo, izindawo kubiza, imisebenzi ngazinye, izibalo isifinyezo. izilinganiso Local - kuyinto idokhumenti yokuqala elenziwe ngesisekelo ukusebenza obscheploschadochnye amavolumu bhalisiwe e imidwebo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ngqo, phezulu nokuhlela izindleko.

Ukubalwa yetintfo ekhiqizwa zisekelwe wendawo. Lihlanganisa izinto ezifana nenani inkokhelo, izindleko ukusebenza kwemishini, imishini kanye nezokwakha uma izindleko, izindleko zokugibela, overheads. Uma omunye kuphela uhlobo lomsebenzi, isidingo enemininingwane izindleko ukulinganisela ayitholakali.

Into izilinganiso ifaka imibiko ukulungiswa esakhiweni, abasebenzi, izindawo eziyisisekelo, izakhiwo, asizayo, inkonzo izindawo, amandla izindawo; izindawo amanzi, ukushisa kanye negesi supply, ukukhucululwa; engadini; ngokugadwa lwezobuchwepheshe into; eminye imisebenzi. A ahlukene umugqa okukhipha inani izindleko ezingalindelekile. Ukubala yenani elilinganisiwe ngesisekelo lezi izibalo.

izinkomba zezimali

Ukushintsha izindleko ezilinganiselwa kungaba ngenxa izindleko ezingalindelekile futhi ushintsho izintengo izinsiza. Ngakho-ke, lapho besanda design kubalwa inani imfuneko utshalomali: Q = Ref + Ssmr Sob + Ref.

Kulesi ifomula, Ref - izibalo design and inhlolovo usebenza, Ssmr - intengo wokwakha nokwakhiwa kwemisebenzi, Sob - izilinganiso for ukufakwa kwemishini, Ref - nenani nanoma iziphi ezinye izindleko. Ngakho izindleko kunqunywa kwakhiwa isakhiwo.

Iqhaza zezinkampani ukwakhiwa kubonise Ssmr isici. Kusekelwe ifomula jikelele ngentengo: Ssmr = Izindleko ngenxa yemisebenzi + Inzuzo = Izinto + Salary + Ukwehla kwentengo + Inzuzo imishini

izinhlobo amanani

Izindleko Kulinganiselwa - kuyinto izindleko okuhleliwe. Kulinganiselwa ngesisekelo the indices, isigaba noma ukuthenga ngamanani abakhiqizi. amanani umkhiqizo akhiwa kuye endaweni lapho izimpahla ngesikhathi kwezidingo zayo umthengi:

• ishede umhlinzeki;
• imoto (FCS);
• Ukuhamba esiteshini (SVR);
• uya khona esiteshini (BCH);
• on-site isitoreji;
• ukwakhiwa site.

Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo kuhlanganisa izindleko zilwane odlule, kanye eyengeziwe izinto izindleko. Intengo of agcine komphakeli kuhlanganisa izindleko yokukhiqiza kanye izinto USB. FCS uyakucabangela izindleko kulayishwa izinto elolini, VSO - okuphakelayo zenqola, BCH - ukulethwa ezibonakalayo pier. Eminyakeni emibili izinhlobo amanani ziyabonisa futhi imali kwezimali zokuhamba of izinto zokusetshenziswa kuya ku-site ishede noma ukwakhiwa site.

ukubala amanani

Intengo isethwe iyunithi impahla eluhlaza ngalinye. Kulinganiselwa by ifomula: UCM = OP T + Ezokuphepha + TM + TP + C. Lapha OP - iyona amanani wholesale materials, T - izindleko emabhokisini SC - ukumaketha eziseceleni, TM - nentela, TP - izindleko lokuthumela, C - isitoreji izindleko.

amanani wholesale of izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye iziqukathi ithathwe amaqoqo noma uhlu abakhiqizi. Marketing eziseceleni ziyabhekelelwa njengoba amaphesenti intengo. izindleko zokuthumela ziyabhekelelwa ngongqimba okwedlulele. izindleko Warehousing elandelayo amazinga: Construction Products - 2%, metal izakhiwo - 0.75%, imishini - 1.2%.

amanani elilinganiswayo ngoba ukuthutha izimpahla ethulwa eqoqweni elifanayo. It liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: kukajantshi, umgwaqo kanye ulwandle zokuthutha. Ngamunye wabo, esikhundleni salokho, iqukethe yamanani ukulayisha futhi athula kwezimpahla, kuye ngohlobo emaphaketheni kanye ezokuthutha. Ukubala kabusha izindleko ezilinganiselwa izindleko zokuhamba (per 1 ton) kwenziwa algorithm efana:

1. Ithola uhlobo intengo nokudayisa iqoqo.
2. Ukucacisa imodi yezokuthutha.
3. Uma w / zokuthutha d, ke uzimisele ukuthumela ifomu, ucacise izinga, ngesilinganiso ukulayisha.
4. Isamba ibalwa iyanda yi Coefficient ukuthi ukwedlulela kuleso sigaba okalwe, mass okwedlulele.
5. On komgwaqo ezokuthutha kushiwo yokugibela ekilasini umthwalo nezibonelelo.
6. Kubalwa ukulungiswa isici ukuze iphatheke.
7. Ingabe kunqunywa izindleko zokuhamba.
8. Bala izindleko ingqikithi 1 ton.

izinto okungenisiwe zihlukaniswe (usimende, metal, amapayipi, ingilazi nokunye. N.) Futhi lendawo (izitini, izakhiwo zikakhonkolo, izixazululo, imfucumfucu al.). Shipping izindleko neqembu lokuqala imikhiqizo ingaphezu kwe-yesibili.

zabasebenzi

Izindleko Kulinganiselwa - kubiza hhayi kuphela izindleko zokwakha, kodwa futhi-human resources. Salary kwanqunywa kusukela inkomba tariff-ziqu. Lunikeza izinga sokukhishwa. Izibonelelo umsebenzi ezimweni ezinzima futhi onobungozi bavela 12% kuya ku-24%. I-algorithm ukubala nezindleko zabasebenzi Izindleko simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. indlela Resource: iholo = (s yangempela / n cf. uquqaba ..) / (Isilinganiso Ubuningi izinyanga amahora.).
2. Ngesikhathi inani elilinganisiwe: 3arplata = (C + M) ∙ I. Lapha C no M - inani imali iphrojekthi ukhokhelwa izisebenzi zokwakha futhi umshini opharetha, futhi - index level kwezindleko.
3. Rasperedelenie izindleko: Salary = T * ((C1 * KD * K * K * Kr + P) / inani namahora okusebenza). Kulesi ifomula T - zabasebenzi ukwenza umsebenzi othize, i-C1 - tariff amazinga ebangeni 1st, K - tariff Coefficient KD - Surcharges Coefficient Kr - Coefficient lesifunda KN - yokukala ye-premium, P - nezinye izinkokhelo ezenziwa ngezithukuthuku iholo.

Ngo ukulandelana enjalo kunqunywa zabasebenzi.