Izindawo zokulondoloza imvelo: Serengeti. Flora nezilwane ezihlukahlukene Afrika

Afrika ziye uvame ukuhlotshaniswa ngezilwane zasendle ezinhlobonhlobo. Nangu kwabantu esiphezulu izilwane zasendle, kanye ezihlukahlukene ocebile nezilwane uma siqhathanisa nabanye amazwekazi Zomhlaba.

Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokulondolozwa kwemvelo. Serengeti - omunye wabo. By the way, nezwekazi inesibalo esikhulu amapaki kazwelonke emhlabeni - 335 izingcezu. Bakwazi ukuthola ukuvikelwa mayelana 100,000 zinhlobo izinambuzane, 1,100 zezilwane ezincelisayo, 3000 zezinhlanzi kanye 2,600 zezinyoni. Futhi lapha kukhona izindlu ahlukahlukene izilwane zasendle, amapaki, kazwelonke, zasolwandle kanye ihlathi izinqolobane.

Leli zwekazi amumethe ezihlukahlukene izindawo. Namathafa omile izinkangala futhi ese tropical eSahara aye abe litheku ezihlukahlukene izilwane zasendle. Lihlala lenqwaba ezimangalisayo, abanye babo yokuqothulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthiwa lokhu lena indawo ukubonakala abantu bokuqala.

Tanzania

Lapha elibamba zokulondolozwa ahlukahlukene. Serengeti - epaki edumile, ufuna ukuthola zonke izivakashi ofuna ukuhlola Afrika yangempela.

Ngokungangabazeki, kule ndawo iyona edume kunayo amagugu afihlekile yasendle emhlabeni. Akazi ontanga yakhe ngoba ukubaluleka yesayensi nobuhle. Afrika Serengeti National Park - ethandwa kakhulu futhi epaki endala Tanzania - idume ukuthuthela wayo wango: ezingaphezu kuka-6 million namabhuzu izinyawo abanyathela ethafeni, kuyilapho 300,000 insephe 200,000 idube kanye benkonkoni ngifuna ukudla. Kodwa ngisho ngaphandle Serengeti kufuduka kungenzeka safari elikhanyayo Afrika nezinkomo enkulukazi inyathi, izindlulamithi nezindlovu iqembu, inani Amazing of topi, Eland, impala, nensephe Grant kanye kongoni.

epaki Indawo

Esifundeni Tanzania, lapho Esiwumfantu Omkhulu Afrika, iyona edume Serengeti Park (kumephu linikezwa lesi sihloko). umakhelwane wayo enyakatho kubhekwa Kenyan amaMasai Mara Reserve, futhi eningizimu-mpumalanga yi Ngorongoro.

Umlando omncane

Sekuyisikhathi eside la mazwe wahlala ngokuphelele zasendle. Kodwa iminyaka eyikhulu edlule kule ndawo kufike Maasai - izizwe enyakatho ayimizulane, abase domesticated izinkomo.

Oscar Baumann (German), owayeneminyaka umhloli wamazwe futhi semvelo - esifundeni Serengeti we baseYurophu baqala ukufika, ngo-1891. Lapha, abazingeli wokuqala waqala imisebenzi yayo ngo-1913. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, le ndawo labetibambile kumiswa esiqiwini, elaba isisekelo salokhu esiqiwini, okuyinto waqala ngo-1951. Lesi senzo esiyoba nomthelela ukuqonda izidingo ukongiwa izilwane zasendle Afrika, njengoba ngokuvamile yokuzingela kungaholela ekuncipheni okusheshayo kwenani yezingonyama, okuyinto ngesikhathi esithile babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli izinambuzane.

Kulaba Serengeti emva kweminyaka 8 thina labelwe rezervant, ngokuthi Ngorongoro.

Ngo-2009, e ukugubha iminyaka engu-50 epaki, ososayensi baye libike ukuthi la mazwe eliyingqayizivele ukuze avikeleke emimoyeni ukuvakashelwa njalo sabafokazi ngawo Afrika manje isiphethwe ekuthuthukiseni ezokuvakasha. Kuze kube yimanje, sanikeza ukuze unciphise ukufinyelela zokulondolozwa kwemvelo. Serengeti akuhlanjululwanga namunye kubo. Kodwa abahambi manje awukwazi ukuya Olduvai Gorge, okuyinto okwamanje samanje liphenya iminonjana abantu basendulo. It lifikile ubumsulwa ucwaningo futhi kulondolozwe uyathola.

Igama epaki

Igama le ndawo ibizwa "enwetshiwe esifundeni." Lapha isimo sezulu ethize, ezikwenza udlame kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Kuphinde kube nomthelela indlela yokuphila yalabo abahlala endaweni.

Isimo sezulu

Ikakhulukazi Serengeti kuyinto efudumele futhi omile, nakuba kukhona yemvula. Bheka entwasahlobo. Phakathi no-ekwindla imvula zingenzeka futhi, kodwa zazincane kakhulu.

Namathafa e zemvula agcwele izimbali kanye zasemazweni, ngesikhathi lonke isikhathi kancane kancane eza nesomiso. Ngaleso sikhathi, abakhileyo National Park uqale uthuthe ukuthola amanzi ukuze siphile.

Amazinga air akuyona ikakhulukazi ububanzi lapha - endaweni 15-25˚S. Esikhathini Serengeti ngesikhathi ebanda kunazo - kuba Juni-Okthoba, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa.

landscape

Serengeti National Park Ubuye namathafa ezahlukene:

• Centre - Savannah;
• eningizimu - izimfunda;
• West - emathafeni eziningi namahlathi;
• eningizimu-mpumalanga - izintaba-mlilo;
• enyakatho - amahlathi kanye amagquma.

ingxenye ngayinye ungathola ezincane ezakhiwa umfula, ichibi noma ixhaphozi.

ukubukwa Modern Sikude kakhulu original ukuthi kwake kwaba nesikhathi lapho umbono jikelele komhlaba kwakhiwa mlilo. Khona-ke wathatha isikhathi esiningi phezu izakhi phansi oyibamba, ngaleyo ndlela ukudala isithombe samanje, kungahlolwa ngokuhlola izithombe Serengeti.

izilwane

nemibandela ekhethekile enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezahlukene yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto abahlakazekile zokulondolozwa ngokwabo. Serengeti okuyinani elikhulu kunawo wonke izakhamuzi zakhona:

• izinyoni (mayelana 500 zinhlobo);
• izilwane (azungeze 35 zinhlobo);
• ezihuquzelayo (350 zinhlobo).

Lapha, phakathi kwezilwane lapho:

• weloli elithile elincane Thompson (ngaphezu kuka-0.5 Mill.);
• benkonkoni (mayelana 2 Mill.);
• Zebra (ngaphezu kuka-0.25 Mill.);
• izindlovu;
• izindlulamithi;
• obhejane;
• izimfene;
• izingungumbane nabanye.

Ungahlangana nezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye:

• izingulule;
• izingonyama mayelana 3,000;
• sezimpungushe;
• izimpisi;
• Leopards.

Famous inyoni Afrika:

• amanqe;
• Flamingo;
• elwa izinkozi ;
• storks;
• lezintshe.

Kukhona futhi nezilwane ezihuquzelayo:

• izingwenya;
• izinyoka;
• isibankwa.

Ithuthela izilwane

Abavakashi e Serengeti Reserve ukuheha kwezingcezu ezimbalwa ezivela empilweni izilwane zasendle, main zazo ubhekwa ukuthuthelwa olukhulu ungulates, uma sikubeka ngokuqondile, i-benkonkoni kanye namadube. Izigidi zithuthelekela idatha isilwane abazenzi ngokusebenzisa olunothile kanye nasezindaweni zasemakhaya enkulu Serengeti.

Ngemuva kwabo ithunyelwa ngempela izilwane ezidla ezinye uze ulahlekelwe noma iyiphi okwamanje efanelekayo ukuzingela elikhiqizayo. Bakhandwa begijima kakade futhi scavengers, okuyinto ziyisibopho supply chain isixhumanisi kulezi zindawo.

kufuduka okunjalo ku National Park okwenzeka Februwari kuya ku-June. UHerd ngalesi sikhathi ezihambayo ohlangothini Northerly, ezihambayo ngesikhathi esifanayo ku esempumalanga. Ngo-September, ziya emuva ukufika Disemba, eseningizimu ngokusebenzisa asentshonalanga.

Basengozini yokuthi uma lina kwenza ezidla uhlaza ukuhambisa e amaMasai Mara - kukhona ahlelwe amadlelo amasha. Uma imvula ingekho, emathafeni enyakatho kukhona ezingwadule cishe. Futhi ngakho-ke kwenzeka sonke isikhathi - abakhileyo Serengeti Park (Africa) nokujaha olude ngoba ukudla, kodwa sonke lesi sikhathi befaka ukuphila kwabo engozini.

Imibandela izivakashi

Ngo esiqiwini kukhona zonke izimo ngoba ukuhlala ukhululekile zezivakashi. Inani elikhulu amahhotela, emakamu kanye zokudlala ukunikeza lula ukuhlala izivakashi. Ngo kwepaki kukhona zokudlela lapho nawe ungadla ukudla okwehl 'esiphundu, eqotho futhi angabizi. Isikhathi elikhulu ukuvakashela leli epaki - kuba nenkathi eyomile. Khona-ke izivakashi kungaba abantu bazibonele bona indlela ukuphila ageleza uma ibona izilwane eziyingozi. Phakathi nenkathi yezimvula kungenzeka ukubona ukuthi ugijimela yokufuduka Imihlambi izilwane nezinselo ezivulekile, esigqoke.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uvakashela Serengeti ngeke abashiye ubani nandaba, futhi isikhathi eside sizonikeza imizwa ngisho abahambi onokuqonda kunazo.