Piranha izinhlanzi: incazelo kanye nezithombe

Piranha - izilo kusuka horror movie ne izindaba scary, izakhamuzi ezincane kodwa womele igazi bamanzi Amazon kanye neminye imifula eNingizimu Melika (Colombia, Venezuela, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina). Futhi esikwaziyo ngabo? Mhlawumbe lutho. Phela, ulwazi alinganiselwe eyodwa kuphela zinhlobo - Piranha obomvu-bellied, eye wathola igama elibi.

Kubukeka sengathi Piranha inhlanzi?

Piranha umndeni has kancane kuka-60 nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingu. Futhi, Okumangazayo ngokwanele, iningi labo - the ezidla uhlaza, ba acishe musa ukudla isilwane. Ubukhulu zincike zezintaka piranha, ezidla ngokuvamile afinyelele cm 30, futhi babo nezihlobo-inyama ingathola isisindo abalulekile futhi sikhule imitha angaphezu kweyodwa obuphelele. Umbala kubuye sincike uhlobo, kodwa ikakhulu esiliva-grey, kodwa ngeminyaka ke iba mnyama. Ukuma komzimba rhomboid nephakemeyo, singatsheki onomfutho. Ukudla esiyinhloko izilwane ezidla ezinye - ezihlukahlukene ezihlala emanzini angenawo usawoti, piranha ungadla izilwane noma izinyoni, okuyinto atholakala endleleni. Ukuze ezidla uhlaza zinhlobo-Amazon nemingenela yayo yavama izimila ezehlukene, asihlehleli lezi izinhlanzi kanye amantongomane, okusanhlamvu awela emanzini.

emhlathini isakhiwo

Ukuze Piranha libhekene isakhiwo okumangazayo apharathasi emhlathini, mhlawumbe engenakuqhathaniswa nemvelo. Ilungiselelwe yonke imininingwane ayetholakala. Amazinyo kokuba simise esingunxantathu kanye nosayizi 4-5 mm ipuleti futhi abukhali like ngensingo, kancane ibheke ngaphakathi. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi kalula besika inyama isisulu, edwengula off izingcezu inyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, namazinyo engenhla nengezansi kahle faka itheku lapho ukuvala nemihlathi, kwakheka nengcindezi enamandla. Lesi sici sivumela ithambo Piranha bite. Lapho ukuvala nemihlathi zivaliwe kuwugibe. Ngokusho ososayensi ucwaningo, bite osikweni Newtons 320, futhi ayikho into emhlabeni isilwane. Piranha emihlathini bakucindezele ngokusebenzisa bite, mayelana izikhathi 30 isisindo sayo.

Uhlalwe piranha?

Kuyinto abakhileyo angenasawoti eNingizimu Melika. Amazon ugxilisa okwesihlanu amanzi ahlanzekile, umfula ugcwele izinhlanzi ezihlukahlukene. Piranha akha ubude lonke Phakathi kwesitaladi sawo nomfula ayisihloko zinganekwane eziningi futhi izindaba yezakhamuzi zendawo. Kwimfunda lomfula usesikhundleni nsimu yabo enkulukazi, ingxenye enkulu kungokwalabo eBrazil, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho, e-Ecuador, Colombia, eBolivia nasePeru. Piranha uzizwa ukahle futhi neminye imifula, areolas yazo endaweni yaleli zwekazi South American likhulu kakhulu.

Muva nje, sekuyinto izinhlanzi ethandwa kakhulu ekhaya ukugcinwa zizalela. Piranha e aquarium sikhule esingaphansi ubukhulu esivamile for ezizungeze yakhe yemvelo, futhi abanye ulahlekelwe ulaka lwabo. Ngokumangalisayo, nge ukubukeka esisongela yalokho, endaweni avaliwe unamahloni futhi ngokuvamile kufihlwe ezindaweni zokukhosela yokufakelwa.

Zonke piranha izinhlanzi bamunye umndeni owodwa futhi zihlukaniswe ngokuvumelana ngezigaba etshalwe ku subfamilies ezintathu.

subfamily of myelin

Myelin - iqembu elikhulu, ke yakhiwa izizukulwane eziyisikhombisa futhi ezingu-32. Kuyinto piranha herbivorous futhi ngokuphelele ayinangozi (bheka isithombe). Fish ukudla okuphakelayo isitshalo. Umbala is nhlobonhlobo, kuye ngokuthi lezi zilwane. umzimba shape isici, singatsheki onomfutho futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngo abasha abantu coloration zesiliva-steel, ne degree of mottling ukuthi ngekukhula shokolethe grey obuhlukahlukene. Osayizi isukela 10 kuya ku-20 amasentimitha. Amalungu amaningi subfamily zikhiqizelwa e okugcinwa. Badinga umthamo omkhulu wamanzi nendawo esanele sokufihla, njengoba kuba inhlanzi ngempela namahloni. Aquarium we Piranha subfamily myelin uyozizwa lapho izinga lokushisa kwamanzi 23-28 degrees, futhi ukudla nsuku zonke kufanele kufake ulethisi, iklabishi, isipinashi, uphizi nezinye nemifino. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo endle adle ngisho nati, yehlukanise kalula emhlathini enamandla egobolondweni okuqinile.

Black pacu - ummeleli bhá we myelin

Black pacu (noma shirokotel Amazon), ummeleli edume kunayo subfamily of myelin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi ngobukhulu: izilinganiso ziyahlukahluka kusuka 30 amasentimitha ukuba imitha elilodwa nokuningi, ngakho konke yena akuyona nomzingeli. abadala Umbala ngempela nesizotha, ensundu nsundu, kodwa abasha uba nombala esiliva kunothile izindawo wonke umzimba wami futhi amaphiko ezimibalabala. Inyama Black puck has zizwakale kahle futhi isetshenziswa izakhamuzi zendawo. Lokhu ukudoba Piranha. izimo Aquarium, futhi, abasakwazi ofanele, kodwa ubukhulu izinhlanzi kuyoba kancane esingaphansi ngokwemvelo, okuyisilinganiso sabangu-amasentimitha angu-30, isikhathi sokuphila - ingakapheli iminyaka 10 noma kunjalo. Okuqukethwe yalolu hlobo kudinga ethangini elikhulu (200 amalitha) nokunakekela okuhle.

subfamily Katoprioniny

Lokhu subfamily imelelwa ziwuhlobo olulodwa kuphela - ifulegi Piranha. Inhlanzi ngempela ayinangozi futhi ayindlela poluparazitichesky wokuphila, ukudla kwabo main - ke izikali zithole ukuthi ezinye izinhlanzi, nakuba indlela lezi zinambuzane amanzi kuyinto ngempela ezithusayo, futhi hhayi ziphansi kobukhulu nozakwabo ezidla. Ifomu ifulege piranha okwedayimane, isicaba singatsheki. Umbala izikali - grey-oluhlaza nge sheen silvery. Isici ehlukile kuba phambi endaweni obomvu nesembozo gill. Kanti futhi le misebe sokugcina anal kanye amaphiko amaphiko kakhulu side, kuyilapho umsila - impande black umbala. Osayizi ezincane, 10-15 cm kuphela.

Le nhlanzi, njengomuntu Piranha ezivamile futhi isihlobo sayo esiseduze, ikakhulukazi ekudleni (60%) has a ukudla isitshalo, futhi% 40 kuphela nezinhlanzi ezincane. Kodwa gcina namanje kufanele kube sihlukanisiwe nezinye izinhlanzi, noma ezincane kakhulu idliwe, futhi ingozi enkulu inyumbazana nge amaphiko alimele ngokwengxenye ngaphandle esikalini. Njengoba i-RSS feed isilwane ingasetshenziswa nezimfanzi encane noma inhlanzi, nemisundu eminingi, futhi lesi sitshalo - amaqabunga isipinashi, ulethisi, izimbabazane nezinye amakhambi.

subfamily Serrasalminy

Lawa izilwane ezidla ezinye abesabekayo, subfamily imelelwa eyodwa uhlobo lwe kuphela futhi 25 zinhlobo. Bonke badla ukudla isilwane: izinhlanzi, izilwane, izinyoni. Piranha subfamily Serrasalmina usayizi ongafinyelela afinyelela ku-80 cm, ukufinyelela isisindo 1 kg. Lena usongo ngempela izilwane (ingasaphathwa inhlanzi), okuyinto ngobukhulu kungaba idlule nazo izikhathi ezimbalwa, kodwa lokhu akusho ukumisa Piranha. Buka ezilwaneni eziyingozi ezincane ngempela esabekayo: umhlathi ongezansi kakhulu kuphuma phambili futhi kancane ogobe phezulu, amehlo bulging laphetha ijamo isici flat zomzimba. Amanzi bakhetha ukugcina imihlambi, kodwa kuhlaselwa the isenzo isisulu ngayodwana, ngakho ngeke ukwazi ukusho ukuthi leli qembu athishela zezinhlanzi. Piranha basabela ukunyakaza emanzini, ayimkhangi yabo. Lapho omunye wabo isisulu, endaweni kweso zithuthelekela ukuphumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthiwa lokhu Izazi ukuthi piranha ukukhiqiza imisindo, kanjalo ethumela ukwaziswa nomunye. Umhlambi piranha kungaba imizuzu embalwa ukuze ushiye isilwane wedwa ithambo.

Ulwazi mayelana yokuthi bayakwazi uzwa igazi kude kusuka isisulu, - iqiniso. inhlanzi Piranha uhlala e-adungekile Amazon, futhi kungokwemvelo ukuthi okwadingeka bazivumelanise ngayo nezimo yenkungu ngenxa - umuzwa evuthiwe iphunga. Piranha udonsa igazi ngempela, kuba isignali mayelana nokubonakala isisulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, musa bangafuni ingcuba ngisho abafowabo ogulayo noma ebuthaka. Ukuze imfuyo nabantu ukumela ingozi yangempela zinhlobo abambalwa kuphela.

Piranha obomvu-bellied

Omele edume kunazo zonke, azungeze okuyinto bengayeki ukukhuluma - lokhu Piranha obomvu-bellied. Ubude umuntu kwalesi silwane ongafinyelela afinyelela ku-30 amasentimitha, kodwa ikakhulu zingabantu nenkundla entendeni womuntu. Piranha Ordinary (isithombe izinhlanzi ngezansi) abe nombala ogqamile-yesiliva sebuningini amnyama emzimbeni wonke, ku esiswini esikalini has tinge isici pink. Zihlala imihlambi abantu abangaba yikhulu.

Kule minyaka yamuva futhi okuqukethwe ikhaya athandwa kakhulu Piranha obomvu-bellied. izimo Aquarium neqhaza ekubeni buthakathaka nolaka. Kodwa aquarium usadinga ehlukile.

black Piranha

Lona omunye umbono kusukela subfamily Serrasalminy, ezivame kakhulu emvelweni futhi ethandwa zizalela yasekhaya. Habitat - umfula Amazon kanye Orinoco. Ukuma komzimba rhomboid, futhi umbala simnyama, omnyama esiliva. I abasha izinhlanzi sesisu ophuzi. Black Piranha - nomzingeli omnivorous ekudleni kwazo zonke ezinhle: eyisinambuzane inhlanzi, ngephutha yawela emanzini inyoni noma isilwane. Lokhu ukungabi nasimilo e ukudla okwaholela ngokuchichima kwalo kakhulu emanzini Amazon. Nakuba enolaka bheka wawungaphansi Piranha okubomvu-bellied. Aquarium inhlanzi lidinga ezinkulu, ezingaphezu kuka-300 amalitha. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi itholakala ukutshala Piranha nolaka maqondana nomunye. Lokuzaliswa kungenzeka uma aquarium omkhaya ukudla ngendlela efanele, ngenxa yobuningi ukudla isilwane zingabantu okhuluphele, okungaba yisithiyo abalulekile ukuvela inzalo. In the photo - black Piranha.

Inganekwane Omunye: Piranha kuhlasela indoda

Ongahlulela lesi oyingqayizivele nzima, ngoba idatha abasakwazi eziphikisa. Ososayensi abaningi futhi Izazi, abaye bachitha Amazon esingaphezu konyaka, ungakaze ufakaze kokuhlasela, ngaphezu, bona ngokwabo, eneka ngokwabo engozini ngenxa ukuhlola, igeziwe ku adungekile kuleli komfula, lapho imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokugibela piranha, kodwa ukuhlaselwa akuzona kulandele.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside ekulalelweni kwaba indaba mayelana ibhasi ne bendawo, ngubani ahlusuliwe omunye nemingenela indawo yase-Amazon, futhi bonke abagibeli abangu ngokoqobo sidliwe piranha. Umlando zenzeka ngokoqobo 70s kwekhulu elidlule, abagibeli 39 bashonile, kodwa omunye wakwazi ukubaleka. Ngokusho ofakazi, emizimbeni yezisulu ibiyenziwa kulimala piranha. Kodwa ukuba yahlulele ukuthi kwakungokomthetho kuhlasela kanye noma ngabe imbangela yokufa kwalo, akunakwenzeka.

Kukhona imithombo Ukulunywa emabhishi Argentina lapho Esigamekweni sokuqala, neyezinhlanzi. Kodwa lezi lalihlukene amacala. Izazi ukuchaza lokhu ngokuthi Piranha, okuyinto eziyizimbangela nje iqala ngesikhathi ibambene lolwandle isizini, akha izidleke emanzini angajulile. Ngakho-ke, i-ukuziphatha izinhlanzi enjalo kungokwemvelo: bona ziyawavikela amazinyane azo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, piranha kukhona eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu nasezilwaneni e zikhathi zesomiso, lapho izinga lamanzi emifuleni isezingeni ubuncane bayo, esithinta ukudla kwabo: yokudla kuba ngaphansi. Abantu bakule ndawo bazi lokhu futhi ningangeni emfuleni ngalesi sikhathi. Ephephile kubhekwa zemvula, lapho nesichichimayo lomfula.

Inganekwane ezimbili: Piranha kuhlasela e amaphakethe

Izindaba mayelana nokuhlasela abesabekayo bawaphendule pack, konke sekuqala ukufudumala eziningi sici amafilimu. Eqinisweni, abantu ezinkulu cha zululeka beyofuna inyamazane emfuleni, they bekezelela ngaphakathi endaweni eyodwa, ngokuvamile emanzini angajulile. Fish elindela kwempango yalo, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho isisulu ivela, Piranha uthunyelwa endaweni efanele. Bakhangwa umsindo nephunga wegazi, ukusheshe nabanye. Piranha abathandayo hhayi ukuzingela inyamazane futhi ukuzivikela ezitheni - njengoba ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi umuntu kungalimaza kubo? Nokho, isitha ngisho izinhlanzi ezidla inyama. Piranha, ebuthana imihlambi, kuvikelwa emfuleni amahlengethwa, okuyinto zidla kubo, futhi ayinangozi futhi ngempela friendly kubantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi izitha zemvelo Piranha - arapaima futhi caimans. Eyokuqala - inhlanzi enkulu, okuyinto kubhekwa cishe ukuzibona, izinsalela eziphilayo. Nge emangalisayo, ezisindayo-duty izikali, limelela usongo ngempela piranha. Fish, okwenzeka singly, kweso ukuba isisulu arapaima. Caiman - ihlukane encane abamele Izingwenya. Izazi ziye zaqaphela ukuthi luyaphumelela ngokushesha nje lapho inombolo ukuncipha caimans, ngokushesha kwandisa piranha emfuleni.

Inganekwane ezintathu: piranha avele amanzi Russian

Thwebula wema okufushane umnyuziki zenzeka ngokoqobo ukuba, kodwa umphumela ukuziphatha abanganaki noma abathandi zezinhlanzi aquarium, noma ngenhloso iyangena ichibi. Kunoma ikuphi, ukukhathazeka kwenu kungabanga yize. Nakuba piranha futhi ngokuphelele ukuzivumelanisa yisiphi izimo, isici esiyinhloko ukuthi zikhona yimpumelelo ayiguquki - sezulu esifudumele futhi amanzi (phakathi 24-27 degrees), okuyinto ezweni lethu akunakwenzeka.

Yiqiniso, lokhu izinhlanzi ezidla inyama. Piranha ayingozi nabahahayo kakhulu, kodwa namanje izindaba ngazo kaningi kakhulu edlula phezu futhi angeke zifezeke. Labantu bomdabu baseMelika usefunde ziphila ndawonye nezinkawu nezingwenya piranha ngisho Wabenzela zinhlobo target. Nature akazange adale yini engenamsebenzi: uma nezimpisi - ke orderlies amahlathi, le piranha ukwenza imisebenzi efanayo machibi.