Izimpawu igunya lomphakathi bese nomqondo

indlela State, njengoba kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi yelinyenti, ichaza indawo ebalulekile, njalo isici ngabanye, okuyinto ethatha njengoba umzimba isimo. inqubo nokubusa eziyizici ingxenye isihloko ezibonakalayo, okungase lihunyushelwe amathuluzi amandla ukuthi zifakwe iyunithi eyinhloko abaphathi kanye nokudidiyela isimo.

Indawo ejensi wombuso ekuhloleni oyisazi

Izimpawu igunya lomphakathi kukhona wakhona umgomo oyinhloko futhi injongo kusebenta kwato. Njengoba usebenzisa, futhi kukhona ukulawula isimo, inkinga khona lonke uhlelo ukuphathwa komphakathi, njengoba indlela ebalulekile kufundvwe amaningana wokuqulwa kwamacala ezinkantolo.

Ikakhulu, i- theory zekhethelo umthetho libhekisela umqondo kanye nezici zomzimba isimo, ngokugxila ngqo ku essence yayo njengoba ithuluzi ukuqaliswa neziphathimandla kuleli zwe. Lokhu legatsha komthetho njengoba umthetho zokuphatha, akhumbule lokho okushiwo ukuba isakhiwo yemizimba esiphezulu nobuhlobo babo ne izakhamuzi, legunya nezincazelo zamakhono.
Lesi sikhungo civil umqondo amalungelo izimpawu igunya lomphakathi achazwe impahla ubudlelwane zomthetho bemvelo, lapho isici esihlukile mshini isimo sibonakala njengenkolo esemthethweni.

Izimiso ukusebenza zikahulumeni

njenganoma iyiphi inhlangano, iyunithi isakhi apharathasi isimo kukhona iqembu womuntu, eyenziwa omelele umsebenzi ngamunye, ukuze uqiniswe imigomo ezivamile futhi ukuyifinyelela yi iziqondiso athuthukile. Eqinisweni, lezi zibonakaliso igunya lomphakathi Kungashiwo kufanele ashiwo nemigomo yeNhlangano ukusebenza zonke izikhungo, kungakhathaliseki ubunikazi. Ngenxa ngaphezu izimpawu ezivamile, okuyi-apharathasi isimo has ukusebenza ekhethekile, siqokomisa ohulumeni inkosi zonke izinhlangano.

umtimba wahulumende, lesisebenti umqondo, izici, izinhlobo okuyizinto ngenxa isiqondiso zezombusazwe kanye zomthetho yezwe, njengoba enjalo, inhlangano emelela izithakazelo kukahulumeni kanye obschemasshtabnye. Yingakho isidingo izenzo zomthetho neziqondiso, liqine imodeli futhi isimo ezithile zomzimba ngabanye.

Injongo umzimba nesimo

Iningi abalobi kanye nezintatheli ezilandelayo izici ubonise enkambini ezincwadini zesayensi, zomthetho esivela izingxenye ngazinye apharathasi isimo (ie, izici ezithile zomzimba nesimo).

igunya komphakathi kuphela uyakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi ethunywe ukuba nguhulumeni. Izici enkulu izakhiwo amandla, ngokuyinhloko ethathwe ayekuthunyiwe kwezenhlalo, bese kumiswa izinqubo ungubani ukhetho. Ngokwesibonelo, uMthetho-sisekelo uthi uMongameli guarantor hhayi kuphela umtsetfo lokhona, kodwa futhi ukuhambisana ngaphakathi accordance nga it amalungelo nenkululeko yezakhamizi zakuleliya kuwo wonke amazinga emphakathini nakwezombangazwe.

Ukulungisa inqubo ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo isimo

ethize isimo isakhiwo kumiswa compulsorily ephelezelwa Regulations kuvunyelwa Imithetho. Njengomthetho, uMthethosisekelo kanye yokutholwa ngokuhambisana nemigomo yawo, ama-oda kanye nemiyalelo ye iziphathimandla abanekhono ukusungula ukuthi isiqondiso efanayo futhi ukuvela umzimba isimo ukuhlinzeka kuye nge imisebenzi ethize. NgokoMthethosisekelo isiRashiya, esabelweni amandla Kudlula inqubo efanele kumiswa yomzimba, kujeziswa.

Amandla zikahulumeni

Izimpawu igunya lomphakathi, ngokungafani kuya izici eziyisisekelo inhlangano, aqukethe sikhundla, njengoba ukutholakala isimo-amandla.

Ngenxa mkhakha okhethekile umsebenzi, kulesi sigaba siqukethe sub-ayithemu eziningana, oxhumene, phakathi lapho:

- igunya ngqo ukubhekana nezindaba ezihlobene izithakazelo umphakathi kanye nesimo ngaphakathi ezweni;

- zomthetho ngakwesokudla (igunya phezu kwakha luhlaka, ukwamukelwa kanye ukushicilelwa zokulawula neziqondiso ekusetjentisweni nezinye izinhlaka zikaHulumeni, iziphathimandla zendawo, uhulumeni wasekhaya, ezinye iziphathimandla, izinhlangano zomphakathi, izakhamuzi nabezizwe, amadokhumenti, okuyinto sici yezenzo ngabanye);

- ilungelo siphishekele izenzo zomthetho ukuthi anencazelo zomthetho (Ukukhishwa izitifiketi, ukubhaliswa amaqiniso zomthetho, njll ...).

Kanye izici eziyinhloko igunya lomphakathi, kwemithetho kanye nemigomo, amadokhumenti wezomthetho, kuhlanganise labo basebenzise izinsimbi ezisetshenziswa isimo ukuphoqwa nokulawula phezu kwalo, kuba isici isici.

iziphathimandla zomphakathi banekhono

Umqondo "yomthetho" isimo umzimba zenzo i-elementi ebalulekile ngaphakathi kuyo nokusebenzisa amandla ayo. Lokhu iqoqo amalungelo nezibopho ensimini ezithile zomsebenzi. umtimba wahulumende, lesisebenti umqondo, izici, izinhlobo zazo sinendima ebalulekile kule ndaba, nemigomo yakhona yenkomba ukuchaza imisebenzi ezifanele ukuqedela inhlangano kwamandla nemisebenzi isimo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibandla lomphakathi ngamunye eyinqaba ukubeka umsebenzi othize ukuthi wena uhlose imisebenzi eyengeziwe, imininingwane eyabo imisebenzi, namalungelo, nemisebenzi. Konke lokhu kungenziwa ehlanganiswe ngohlobo oluthile lomthetho imisebenzi yenhlangano.

Imisebenzi iziphathimandla, evunyiwe ezingeni wombuso

izimpawu ezinjalo igunya lomphakathi ziyabonakala emthethweni main Russian - uMthethosisekelo, ezihlukahlukene imithetho kahulumeni, izimiso kamongameli neziqondiso. Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi yini kithi kusengozini, ngokwanele ukuba ngilidlulisele Article 99 we-Russian uMthethosisekelo, okuyinto uchaza uMkhandlu Federal njengoba umzimba njalo esebenza ngayo. Khona-ke, imithetho ukuchaza inqubo kanye izici senhlangano ye-State Duma kanye Federation Council. kuphela indlela umsebenzi egumbini weSigungu Federal ngamunye - It is ukuthi isikhathi ezaziwayo. Futhi wathola ezingeni zomthetho ukubaluleka Uhulumeni, namajaji.

Umqondo neziphathimandla zikahulumeni, izici ngamunye wabo, akukwazi kuphambene yencazelo ezivamile igama elithi "State". Ngakho-ke akukho lutho isimanga yokuthi isici isici zalezi zakhiwo kuyisibopho.

Umehluko phakathi ejensi kahulumeni kusukela nezinye izinhlangano zikahulumeni

Ngemva kohlu a izici eziyisisekelo ezimbalwa igunya lomphakathi, kukwazi ukwakhiwa njengoba ukudayiswa kwayo ngemali eyifanele. Eqinisweni, le ngxenye apharathasi isimo, indlela, emele we Amandla anikezwe nge lemali eziqokiwe igunya ngegunya phakathi? futhi zisebenzise imisebenzi zokuphatha endaweni kusengaphambili nobudlelwano zomphakathi. Ifomu nezindlela yalo msebenzi zisho okuthile ngokuqondile futhi eyinqaba kuphela walo mzimba.

Izibonakaliso ngenhla zemizimba yokuphathwa isimo zisikisela ukuthi igunya lomphakathi akuyona yonke izikhungo, amabhizinisi kanye nezinhlangano. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke wabo ungaba ifomu isimo ubunikazi nomunye zingabantu ohlukaniswa umehluko okukhulu. Kwasekuqaleni, amabhizinisi angeke ngokuthi indikimba isimo, ngoba akekho kubo benawo igunya lomphakathi. Noma iyiphi inhlangano iyona into eqondile, okuyinto kuncike amandla iziphathimandla.

kahulumeni kanye nesimo Local

Izimpawu igunya lomphakathi ukuba azifane ne neziphathimandla zendawo. Acting on ensimini ka-Russia kanye ukusebenza kanye zeNhlangano State, uhulumeni wasekhaya sinikezwe amandla akhethekile ngenxa yemvelo ethize zomthetho. Ngo mshini apharathasi isimo, uhlelo ingabe akukuningi yini okuhilelekile. Nokho, iziphathimandla isimo izici ezichazwe ngenhla, kakhulu uqondane izimpawu zemizimba wendawo ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni. Ikakhulukazi, inqubo ukwakheka kanye nemfundo iziqondiso zabo esiqokiwe yabangela ukukhathazeka kanye nezithakazelo isimo.

Ukuqalisa imisebenzi yabo ngendlela ethile yenhlangano, abese ehlala amandla athile, ohulumeni abakwazi ukushayelwa yiziphathimandla. Nokho, ukuba kwabo kuyadingeka ngoba izinga ukuzithiba emkhakheni awutholakali ngaphandle kwalo.