Izimo eziphuthumayo ezinganeni: ukulimala, ukusha, ubuthi. eziphuthumayo

emizimbeni Wezingane zihluke ngokuphelele olimini omdala yabo isebenze bungaphelele. Yilokhu ebangela sengozini yaso ephezulu ezifweni ithonya izici ezihlukahlukene ezimbi. Uma ziqhathaniswa nabantu abadala, izimo eziphuthumayo ezinganeni zivamile okuningi. Kube nomphumela omuhle incike ngokuphelele aid lesifanele kuqala. Isihloko wethula njalo kakhulu eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha futhi usizo lokuqala, okudinga isisulu.

Umqondo izimo eziphuthumayo

Eziphuthumayo izimo ezinganeni - kuba phambi izimpawu nezibonakaliso ezisongela ukuphila yesiguli abasha. Esimweni esinjalo kudinga eziphuthumayo ngokushesha usizo kwezidingo zayo kuzoncika ukuphila ndoda omncane.

Isisekelo ukusiza izingane ukubeka isimiso ezinkulu: "Ingabe lutho olubi." Kaningi, abazali (futhi Odokotela kungenzekani) benza iphutha ngokukhetha Isikali zomuthi, sihlanganise kahle imithi unikezwa imithi, okuyizinto ke, esibhedlela, kube nzima ukulungisa uphethwe.

Uma kukhona izimo eziphuthumayo ezinganeni, badinga ngokushesha ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa, ngoba ukubambezeleka kungaba eqolo.

Izici yomzimba, ungalokothi uphuze ekuthuthukiseni izimo eziphuthumayo

Lapho esemncane izingane ezinye izici isakhiwo kanye nokuthuthukiswa isitho izinhlelo ezinomthelela yokuthi izimo edinga ukunakekela kwezokwelapha esiphuthumayo, kwenzeke okuningi njalo.

1. Uma sicabanga esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kungenzeka ukugqamisa izici ezilandelayo:

• Izingane lokuqala izinyanga ezimbili zokuphila ubuswa senhliziyo futhi kwesokunxele abe ukunwebeka ezincane, okungase neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni kwesokunxele ukwehluleka ventricular.
• Isikhathi elikhulu systole ukuthi predisposes ukuba yokumelwa yinhliziyo.
• yokuvuthwa engalingani kohlelo conduction futhi imisipha yenhliziyo, ukungapheleli ukulawulwa reflex wenhliziyo kungaholela thuthuva njalo isigqi inhliziyo.
• Imikhumbi achazwayo kahle imisipha ungqimba ku yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini, okungase kubangele ukuthuthukiswa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yamaphaphu.
• permeability Iningi capillary yamaphaphu predisposes ukuba edema yamaphaphu, unikezwa ukuthi ingcindezi ku ATRIUM kwesokunxele ezikhathini 2 esingaphansi abadala.
• Ngisho ne ukwehla okuncane ngevolumu afundwa igazi athuthukile izimpawu zokwelashwa ukopha.
• Ubuchopho lilungelo leliphelele ngegazi, umgoqo gazi ebuchosheni has a permeability okusezingeni eliphezulu obusiza ukudlula ubuthi, ubuthi amagciwane ukuthi aluka egazini. Futhi kungaholela ukulimala kobuchopho.
• outflow Kunzima wegazi emithambo yegazi kudala zonke izimo ngoba ukuvuvukala kobuchopho futhi ekuqongeleleni uketshezi, okuyinto ubeka ingcindezi izicubu ingqondo.

2. Uhlelo zokuphefumula futhi aluphelele:

• Nciphisa amalaka, kuqhoqhoqho kanye bronchi, ukuthuthukiswa obuthakathaka Imicu yotshani yabo enwebekayo imisipha, Ukuthamba cartilage, ngokweqile liningi igazi ukudala preconditions sokuthuthukiswa Izifo ukuvuvukala we yomoya.
• kungagcini kakhulu engaba compensatory ngokwandisa umthamo olwandle futhi Izinga lokuphefumula ngenxa isakhiwo ekhethekile kwesifuba.
• Umsebenzi okuvimbelayo izicubu EPITHELIAL we bronchi kanti ampofu, ababuthakathaka ukukhwehlela reflex, okwenza zilinganiselwe izinhlobo umsebenzi zokuzivikela nabo ngegciwane isidumbu sengane.

3. isimiso sezinzwa has izici ezilandelayo:

• Cortex cerebral namanje kancane umahluko, it has awakuthinti ezingxenyeni esikiselwa isimiso sezinzwa, kodwa ukwakheka inyuka reticular yilona ithoni evelele, esiza ngokukhukhumala kwentamo ukusabela palsy.
• Umsebenzi eliphezulu hippocampus predisposes ekuveleni nokuquleka.
• ithoni eyinhloko nozwela isimiso sezinzwa, ngakho izingane ngokuvamile kukhona neuropathy kwegazi, uthambekela komzimba okukhulu, tachypnea.

Zonke lezi zici neqhaza yokuthi izimo eziphuthumayo ezinganeni zivamile kakhulu ukwedlula e abadala, futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa izinkinga zempilo ezingathí sina.

Izimpawu ezidinga usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha

Abazali abaningi kukhona zokuzivikela kakhulu impilo izingane zabo ezincane, futhi ngesikhathi ngeziphambeko kancane sinqanyuliwe amafoni nodokotela bezingane, kepha ngezinye izikhathi ahlangabezane omama kanye obaba iyize. Nokho, noma yimuphi udokotela sibala izimpawu ezimbalwa ezibonisa ukuthi ingane esiphuthumayo usizo lwezokwelapha. Ukuze labo zihlanganisa:

1. Ukufundwa ephezulu thermometer, isibonelo, izinga lokushisa degree angaba 39, ikakhulukazi uma ngemuva kokuthola antipyretics kuyehla isikhathi esifushane futhi ezinwabuzelayo futhi.
2. Ukuhlanza kunoma isiphi isimo kudinga esikhundleni uketshezi, futhi lapho kuba pheze ayimi, udinga usizo ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaholela umuntu aphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, okuyinto eyingozi ingane. Ngaphandle ukuhlanza kungaba uphawu pathologies ukuba ungaguli kakhulu, ezifana appendicitis, urinary system ukutheleleka, isimiso emathunjini.
3. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni singenzeka futhi kuholele uhudo olubi, okuyinto kunzima ukukuyeka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, futhi, badinga ukunakekelwa esiphuthumayo odokotela.
4. Ezinkingeni. Abakwazi avele ngenxa falling phakathi umgudu nomzimba angaphandle noma ukuthuthukiswa somoya.
5. Uma indle womntwana babe Clumps noma streaks wegazi, lokho kungase kubonise ukuthi ekuqaleni ukopha zangaphakathi, futhi kulokho endaweni - kuphela udokotela kungacacisa.
6. Ukuquleka, ulaka okuzumayo, noma ukozela kungase kubonise khona kuhlasimulise nokulimala engqondweni. ukunakekelwa eziphuthumayo ezimweni ezinjalo kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha.
7. Ukusetshenziswa amaphilisi, amadivayisi ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha, lapho ingane iKhabhinethi ikhaya imithi. Overdose singenzeka masinyane ngokwanele, futhi akekho oyazi ukuthi kufanele asabele kanjani ingane umzimba phezu izindlela, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ngokushesha ushayele udokotela.

omama abaningi eyezinto enembile lapho ingane yabo ngempela ingozi, futhi lapho kungenzeka futhi ukungaxhamazeli, futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekile.

Usizo lokuqala for ukulimala kuhlasimulise ingqondo

Izingane ezincane iwe njalo ngokwanele, kodwa zonke ukuwa kungaholela inhloko kungadaleka ingozi embi kakhulu. Uma ingane owawa ukuphakama amancane, isibonelo, kusukela embhedeni ke cishe, kuze angeke ize, kodwa niwe etafuleni has libangele imiphumela engathi sina.

Ngokuvamile abazali kakhulu siwathathe kancane ikhono intuthu beshiya imvuthu ingenamuntu etafuleni ukushintsha. Ngezinye izikhathi nje kwemizuzu embalwa, futhi umntwana phansi. Uma ingane hit ekhanda lakhe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisa udokotela. Izimpawu main ukuthi kubonisa kuhlasimulise okulimala ebuchosheni yilezi:

• nokulahlekelwa ukwazi;
• izimpawu ezisobala ukulimala ekhanda;
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Ngemva zingase zimiswe ekwindla ka hematoma intracranial, khona nina enithi izici ezilandelayo:

• smoothes emphethweni Nasolabial;
• encishisiwe ikhaliphe umsipha;
• bradycardia;
• ukuphambuka ulimi.

ukunakekelwa eziphuthumayo kuleli cala kumele kwenziwe ngokushesha, kungenjalo kungaholela ukwehluleka. Kuyinto kanje:

1. Jikela nesineke futhi ugcine uphumule.
2. Uma siyabhubha ukuphefumula, kufanele usebenzise imbobo.
3. Uma kukhona novalo, ingane kufanele ubeke ohlangothini lwesokudla.
4. Suctioned ipheya isikhwehlela umlomo.
5. Uma kukhona overdriving eqinile, kungenzeka ukwethula 0.25% isixazululo droperidol ngayinye 0.2 ml amakhilogramu esisindo ngayinye.

Ngemuva usizo lokuqala izingane ezigulayo kumele kwenziwe nakanjani. Uma ingane iwele phansi, akudingekile ukuba nethemba, ukuthi zonke ngokwalo kuyokwenzeka, kungcono ukwenza iphutha waphinda.

ukulimala iso

Uma uwa ngokuvamile encane kungaba bazithole ngento ebukhali futhi zilimaza abantu iso. ukuhlukumezeka Ocular kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa, lapho bonke izingqimba zilimele, futhi amahembe. Ukuze sicacise kube sezingeni umonakalo futhi anikeze usizo oludingekayo ukuze ingane Kuyaphuthuma ukuthumela ejensi ezikhethekile.

Small yokulimala kwamehlo, zingaba khona ngemva contact nge lezinto angaphandle, ogama ukususwa kumelwe futhi ukubhekana kudokotela wamehlo okunethiwethi. Ingane ungathola futhi iso burns, lokhu Kuvame imililo noma ngemva ekuphatheni abanganaki amakhemikhali. Esimeni esiphuthumayo udinga ukususa amehlo ngamanzi uconsisele egijima "sulfacetamide," bese ubonise ingane kudokotela.

Ukusiza ngempela ngoba imisiwe ukwelashwa noma ngisho indiva inkinga kungaholela ekubeni abe yimpumputhe.

Siza uma ubuthi

Kids - abalandeli njalo okuthile ukudonsa emlonyeni, ngakho ubuthi zenzeka njalo. Isizathu kungaba:

• izinto ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali ukuthi ingane zokuphola aphonswe ekhishini noma egumbini lokugezela.
• Tablets kwekhithi ekhaya.
• Amakhowe nokuningi.

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi abazali abazi ukuthi yini ubuthi kid yabo, wathi akakwazi okwamanje. Usizo ezimweni ophuthumayo lolu hlobo kufanele igcine okulandelayo:

1. Uma into enobuthi ungena isikhumba, kufanele kube kuhle ukugeza ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo basihlikihle ukhilimu amafutha noma amafutha.
2. Endabeni ka contact ngamehlo kugeze, isicelo ngebhandeshi oyinyumba bese uya kudokotela.
3. Uma kwakuba khona i-carbon monoxide poisoning, isisulu okumelwe zilethwe emoyeni opholile. Uma ukuphefumula eyeka ezidingekayo ukufika i-CPR ambulensi.
4. Ngemva ukuxhumana into enobuthi ngaphakathi kuyadingeka kuqala kunazo zonke okufanele kumkhathaze ukuhlanza futhi isisu ukugeza nge isixazululo potassium permanganate.

Lokhu kumele kube usizo zangaphambi yezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ezinganeni, uma ubuthi. Zonke ezinye izinqubo eyenziwa udokotela esibhedlela lapho ufuna ukuletha ingane.

ukusha

Uma uvakashele ukusha amayunithi noma izikhungo, ungavele bashaqiswa ukuthi inani lezingane abalapho. Kaningi, abenza konke lokhu kuyizinto abazali ngokwabo. Ngobudedengu awushiya onqenqemeni etafuleni nge ebhodweni elinamanzi abilayo, olufana kusemhlabeni ingane - kanti lokho ngisho phambi enkingeni ngempela ususondele. Baby nje ukudonsa emaphethelweni ethangini amanzi ashisayo ethulula kuye kusukela ekhanda kuye ozwaneni. umama Carefree kuphela ukuze ubambe ikhanda lakhe futhi egijimela esibhedlela nengane.

Ngemva kokuthola washisa kufanele ngokushesha ukunikeza usizo lokuqala nengane. PMP simi ngale ndlela uma ukusha:

• Uma uyikha phezulu le abalimele kufanele abeke ngebhandeshi furatsilinom noma novocaine.
• Ngaphakathi unganikeza izidakamizwa imithi ebulala izinzwa.
• Uma indlu has a Burns fafaza noma ijeli, isibonelo, "Panthenol", "Livian", kubalulekile ukuba aphathe isilonda.

Uma ingane yenu yokushiswa endaweni enkulu yomzimba, PMP ukusha kumele inikezwe kuphela esibhedlela.

Ukulimala Ezinganeni

Iningi izingane ngenxa yobudala babo bafisa kakhulu, njalo into ukuhlola, cishe ehlezi endaweni eyodwa. Thola ezihlukahlukene ukulimala - them pushover. Phakathi umonakalo onjalo ukuthi ngingakwazi ukuphila nabazali, futhi ngezinye izikhathi awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle ambulensi:

1. Cuts. Izingane uthanda ukudlala izinto ezicijile, ikakhulukazi abafana, ngakho ukuthola le ukulimala ngempela kalula. Uma ingane sanqunywa ke kuqala kukho konke kubalulekile ukugeza isilonda kahle futhi aphathe ejenti ukonakala, njenge-hydrogen peroxide. Khona-ke, sebenzisa ngebhandeshi oyinyumba. Uma ukulimala omkhulu kangangokuthi ukopha okunzima iqala, ngosizo lokuqala kuzoncika ekutheni isitsha lilimele. ukopha kwemithambo yegazi kudinga tourniquet, futhi emithambo yegazi kokucindezelwa ngebhandeshi anele.
2. Dislocations futhi Ukwenyela ngokuvamile izingane, okuyinto akumangazi, unikezwa ukuhamba kwabo. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ice kusayithi abalimele, isicelo ngebhandeshi futhi ukuya traumatologist ukucacisa uhlobo ukulimala. Into esemqoka - isikhathi ukuthola ukwa ukunikeza usizo ngempumelelo.
3. Ukwa. ukulimala ezinjalo ngaphansi kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ngoba amathambo abo izinto ezivela ezintweni eziphilayo okuqukethwe mkhulu kunezinhliziyo amaminerali, ngakho amathambo izingane nezimo. Kodwa zonke ukulimala efanayo, futhi olwenziwa. Uma usola ophukayo kuyadingeka kubathene esitho abalimele ukuvimbela displacement we amathambo, futhi ukuya esibhedlela, uma kungenzeka. Ungashayela i-ambulense. I ukuhlukumezeka esibhedlela uthatha isithombe ukucacisa indawo ukwa futhi wafakwa ukhonkolo.

yokufikelwa

Ukuxilongwa izimo eziphuthumayo ezinganeni kumele okungenani ibe kancane, kodwa ejwayelene kubazali ukuze bakwazi ngesikhathi isicelo ukwelashwa ezidingekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isikhumba uba eliphaphathekile kakhulu, wenza izinto izithukuthuku ebandayo, isiyezi libonakala, kungaba uphawu esongelwa nakwisyncope.

Lose ukwazi ingane kungase, ngenxa yezizathu ezehlukene:

• ibhola eqinile;
• ukwethuka;
• ukukhathala;
• ukushisa noma ukuguliswa yilanga, ikakhulukazi kuba ebalulekile isizini ashisayo;
• uma kakhulu ukushintsha evundlile kuya mpo;
• uma ingane hit ekhanda lakhe, kungase futhi kubangele nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Abazali kudingeka wazi ukuthi iyini usizo lokuqala kuyadingeka ukuba ingane kulezi zimo:

1. Fafaza ubuso ngamanzi abandayo.
2. Ungakwazi imenze noboya ekhaleni ukotini ofakwe i-ammonia.
3. Sula nogologo ukunuka nosawoti.
4. Qiniseka ukuthi amabombo aqambe amanga ngazo ngohlangothi lwakho, ngoba uvame ezifana isimo is ukuhlanza.
5. In the engekho ammonia kungaba ugaye izindlebe, kalula ezandleni, ekhaleni.
6. Ngemva ingane ubuyela ukwazi, amnike ukuphumula kancane aphuze itiye efudumele.

Uma yokufikelwa kwenzeka ngesizathu esingaziwa, udinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha, ngakho miss ukuthuthukiswa zokugula sina.

isiphetho

Kusukela konke lokhu-ke kungenziwa baphetha ngokuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abadala, nokunye okuningi cishe bayoba nokuthambekela okungafani izimo eziphuthumayo ezinganeni. usizo izingane Okokuqala kumele inikezwe ngaphandle kokulibala, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa sengozini yokuthola izifo. Okokuqala sidinga ukuba abazali ilalele, ngoba, uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, iningi izingane bayizisulu abazange banake, ekuziphatheni kokunganaki kwabantu abadala.

Vikela izingane zakho kusukela Ukusabalala endaweni yabo kumele zonke izinto eziyingozi zisuswe, khona-ke akudingeki ukubiza i-ambulensi ukuze ugcine umntwana.