Izilwandle zomhlaba

amanzi Yemvelo kungokwalabo bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli ebusweni iplanethi enguMhlaba, futhi izilwandle zomhlaba nezilwandle emanzini hlala mayelana 97% (noma-70% bonke ubuso Umhlaba). Le ndawo asele kungokwalabo amanzi emifuleni, emachibini, amadamu, amaxhaphozi, izinguzunga zeqhwa.

Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic Indian - izilwandle zomhlaba, ngokuthi ososayensi kuze 2000. Kusukela 2000, engxenyeni Wik-Arctic ahlukanisa ulwandle yesihlanu.

Olwandle ejulile emhlabeni futhi yakhula kakhulu - Pacific. It has an endaweni kunangendlela yonke indawo ezweni iplanethi, kodwa ekujuleni salo endaweni ejulile Emhlabeni - Mariana Trench. amagagasi olwandle ugeza olusentshonalanga amazwekazi aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, e-Australia, ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Asia. Ngo eNyakatho Nenkabazwe ke ixhuma Arctic Ocean ngokusebenzisa iBering Strait, futhi eningizimu - ifinyelela ogwini-Antarctica. eziningi kakhulu ogwini kukhona sezwe elinamagquma futhi sezintaba, futhi ngaphakathi amanzi awo kukhona inqwaba iziqhingi.

Ngokwemvelo, bonke izilwandle zomhlaba abe umlingisi ezahlukene kakhulu. Ngakho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Pacific Ocean idume tsunami njalo ukuthi ukufinyelela ogwini amamitha ezinye amahlanu ukuphakama, kanye neqiniso lokuthi ebangela ngaphezulu kwengxenye biomass ingqikithi ekujuleni yasemanzini.

I ngobukhulu kuyinto Atlantic Ocean. iphansi lalo kunalokho oyinkimbinkimbi, onezingubo nezimpawu imicengezi amaningi. Ngokungafani Pacific, Atlantic alikho amanzi awo ziningi kangaka iziqhingi. Enyakatho ihlangabezana ne-Arctic Ocean. Atlantic waziwa ngokuba indawo thutheleka fula kuwo, okungaphezu endaweni imifula egeleza yimuphi omunye ulwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuba ogwini sihlehliswe kakhulu wageza ngu inqwaba amagagasi eyaziwa zezilwandle.

Izilwandle zomhlaba, njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla, zihlanganisa futhi enomoya: Arctic. It iseningizimu enyakatho ye-Arctic Circle. Cishe yonke indawo yayo imbozwe ice cishe unyaka wonke. Ocean amanzi osendaweni kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukuvumela ukuya kusuka Melika eRussia by indlela emfushane. Ikakhulu uma kucatshangelwa iqiniso kwakubaluleke lwalusetshenziswa ngezikhathi zempi. Eduze nogu wezilwandle Arctic ngezindlela eziningi, kuhambisana Atlantic nePacific. Ngenxa izinga lokushisa njalo ongaphakeme, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene wamanzi yayo imelelwa izinhlobo ezimbalwa.

Amanzi-Indian Ocean eyakhe indawo ngobukhulu. Kuyinto ezakhelene Afrika nase-Australia, e-Asia nase-Antarctica. Emifuleni yakhona ugeza isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke Madagascar naseSri Lanka, futhi bayathandeka izivakashi eziningi Maldives, Seychelles, Bali. amaza alo, ezingqubuzanayo ezaziyaluzisa i ipayipi ekahle, abathandwa Surfers amaningi kugcwele salo ezifakwa ocebile kakhulu igesi yemvelo, uwoyela.

Njengoba sekushiwo, e izilwandle zomhlaba seziqale ukufaka Southern Ocean. Uma kungenjalo, ibizwa ngokuthi Antarctic. Emifuleni yakhona, yena egeza ogwini Antarctica, kuhlanganisa engxenyeni eseningizimu amanzi Pacific, Atlantic futhi Oceans Indian. Ekusebenteni, igama navigation bamanzi cishe akazange anamathele, ngoba akufakwanga iyiphi Iincwajana ngezihloko ezifanele. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, endaweni kule ndawo amanzi lifaka wesine phakathi kwazo zonke izilwandle.