Izici komnotho yesimanje yeRussia. Bagxumele esizayo

Isimo samanje emnothweni akazange bavele ndawo, futhi kwaba umphumela hhayi kahle kakhulu kwisi-isimo umyalo kodwa ube imodeli emakethe. Ngenxa umnqopho, kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukuhumusha kwezinye komzila kuyinto esitimela omkhulu kangaka futhi ongenakunyakaziswa yokuthi kwakunzima kakhulu. Kuzo zombili izici of umnotho yesimanje isiRashiya, kulula ukushintsha imodeli kwezomnotho yentuthuko, isibonelo, Czech Republic naseLithuania, kanye insimu yabo futhi GDP kuka ukwenza okufanayo eRussia.

Life esidinga izinguquko

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-90-yalolucwaningo GDP waseRussia unqabile kancane. Kusukela azimele isabelomali isimo empeleni agcwaliswa. Kukhona ukuthekelisa asebenzayo capital. Kwake kwaba yisikhathi lo sokuntenga komnotho ezweni sihlalise behlisa ukwehla kwentengo imali sabantu - ne 90 kuze 92 iminyaka. ukwehla ekusebenzeni kwezomnotho kwakungelona kuqine.

Kulokhu, ikakhulukazi emnothweni yesimanje Russia abanjalo ukuthi uma sithatha ngokuthi kukhulunywa iphuzu ezingeni GDP ngonyaka ka-1990, ngo-2011 selukhulile kathathu. Nakuba kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-1999 zenzeka nokwehla yonyaka ka 12% kuya ku-33%, kanye ezingeni ka 1990, safika kuphela ngo-2004.

ikusasa eliqhakazile ukuza

ukukhula Real waqala ngo-2005. Futhi ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukiseni umnotho yesimanje Russia itholakala lokuthi ukuthi kuze 1998 yayakhiwe ngaphansi ngobulukhuni IMF. The main umcimbi ukuphathwa amathuluzi phezu izincomo le nhlangano ehlonishwa kwakuyilawa:

• ukulwa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali - ukuncipha ngo imali supply (non-ukugcwaliseka izibopho ukuba izinhlangano isabelomali, kwabangawona ukukhokhwa amaholo, impesheni, njll ...);
• overvaluation of the ruble (okwenza zingabi sesimeni sokukwazi ukuncintisana izimpahla zasekhaya);
• ngezimali udaba isabelomali kusilela T-izikweletu (uhulumeni yengcebo izibopho kanye nezinye izibambiso kahulumeni). Dedela isiqongo wafika ngo-1998, kunalokho wayephezu - siyazi;
• okusezingeni eliphezulu entela.

Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali amazinga ziyadlula (kodwa ngasiphi izindleko - kungase kubonakale uma endaweni elilandelayo ijika sabantu izibalo kusikhathi esifanayo). Kwakungenxa nje ngo-1999, iphuzu aphansi we-GDP, waqala ngendlela engaguquguquki ukukhula ngonyaka. Ngemva okuzenzakalelayo, lwabangela ukushintsha kukahulumeni kanye nobuholi Central Bank useshintshe lezomnotho. Lezi zenzakalo bathonya izici umnotho yesimanje yeRussia. Kwakudingeka ngiqale phansi lonke futhi.

Storming emakethe

Inguquko ekuthuthukiseni emakethe ye-ruble kwaholela ukunciphisa yayo kuka ukubeka abakhiqizi ezifuywayo sesimweni esingcono. izici ezinjalo umnotho yesimanje Russian bakhangwa ukufaka izimali ezisukela phesheya, wenzé dolobha ukutshalwa kwezimali kuleli zwe esihle osomabhizinisi yasekhaya. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, izinkampani Western sezizwe ezihlukahlukene baye bakha izimboni eRussia.

Lancipha intela umthwalo encishisiwe inani izintela. Ngo-2002 kwathiwa ogunyaziwe ukuthengwa nokudayiswa kwendawo yezolimo. Lawa izici umnotho emakethe Russia yesimanje, okwakumenza akwazi ukukhula GDP futhi ukwanda wemboni yangempela. Ngo-2007, izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu osekuzuziwe phezu minyaka engu-20, ukukhula kwe-GDP.

Ngenxa yalezi izici umnotho yesimanje isiRashiya, Goldman Sachs izazi zithi Russia eminyakeni engu-20 ezayo zingabahileli ehola amazwe aseYurophu zonke izinkomba kwezomnotho. Khumbula ukuthi GS - ibhange elikhulu futhi omunye Dow Jones Inkomba.