Isabelo amakhadi e-Russia: izizathu kanye injongo yesimiso

Yasungulwa ngu-Government of nomqondo usizo lokudla kuze kube Russian Federation wethula isabelo amakhadi. UNdunankulu uthe ikhadi isabelo njengoba nesinye sezakhamuzi zalelo ukusekela zinhlobo abe nakho kokubili, emihle nemibi. Izikhombisi eyinhloko esimisweni ezihlongozwayo - nokugcina abalimi zesifunda, okubhekiswe usizo ukuze labantu emphakathini olungavikelekile yezwe.

Kuyini usizo lokudla

Uhlelo kuyisimo yesibonelelo sikahulumeni, okuyinto ihlose ukusiza amaqembu athile abantu. Usizo zizonikezwa ezicashe iqoqo ukudla noma imali okungatholakala wachitha on ukuthengwa mikhiqizo.

Isabelo namakhadi abaseRussia izonikeza ithuba ngezithukuthuku izindlela emakethe zokubasiza abalimi Russian. Njengoba sisekelwa isidingo esiqinile imikhiqizo yabo kukhona kungenzeka ngcono eminye. Futhi, eyodwa yezindlela yokungenisa.

Russia ilungiselela ukubuyela isabelo amakhadi

Ngo-April 2015, uHulumeni ethulwa umfuziselo uhlelo ikhadi ukudla. Ahloselwe labo bayizakhamuzi banelilungelo uxhaso lukahulumeni. Ministry of Industry bakholelwa ukuthi isabelo amakhadi uyokusekela hhayi kuphela kwezakhi emphakathini sengozini sabantu, kodwa futhi isimo, ukukhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko yesifunda yezolimo. Isinqumo ukwethula isabelo amakhadi benziwa isakhiwo ukusetshenziswa ngendaba nemibuso yezwe, lapho ziye zasetshenziswa ngempumelelo isikhathi eside.

Umgomo we operation isabelo amakhadi

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukwethulwa lokhu kwakwenqatshelwe kulindeleke e 2017, umqondo eyaziwa kakade of isabelo amakhadi:

1. Umndeni, okuyinto kubhekwa emphakathini sengozini, wakhipha ikhadi lasebhange.
2. Nyanga zonke it is uyasho imali kusuka ibhajethi.
3. Susa ukheshi ngeke kwenzeke, uzobona kuphela kwenzeke ukukhokha ezitolo ezithile futhi ubude esithile.
4. Ukwethulwa isabelo amakhadi izokwabiwa kuphela imikhiqizo ongaphakeme eshalofini yokuphila. It is kuhlelwe ukuze aqede ekuqongeleleni. Lezi zihlanganisa imikhiqizo efana inyama, yenkukhu, amaqanda, ubisi, imifino nezithelo.
5. Inani esiqondile izimali idluliselwe ikhadi ayikaziwa. Inkonzo babekholelwa ukuthi inani kuyoba sincike ubuncane ukudla elisungulwe esifundeni, ezingeni emindenini, zonke izimali ezibanjwayo kwezenhlalo, isici ezindlekweni ukudla.

Imibandela yokuthola amakhadi ukudla

Ukuze uthole isabelo amakhadi abampofu, kufanele wenze izenzo ezithile. Kuyodingeka ukuba zisebenze ngqongqotshe esifundeni yokuhlala, waqoqa iphakethe kwemibhalo edingekayo ukuba ubuzwe. Uma impendulo umfakisicelo kufanele ikhishwe ikhadi electronic umkhiqizo, lapho izimali izotholwa. Noma ungaxhuma ekhona, yasayina isivumelwano nebhange lakho.

Ukuze iwukudambisa ingozi ukuncika, abangasebenzi uzophoqeleka isicelo somsebenzi singakapheli isikhathi esibalulwe.

Mhlawumbe, ukuqaliswa kohlelo uzobe enziwa iqhaza Sberbank. "Khangela ekhadini le Product" Uhlelo kuzodinga ngesikhathi izilinganiso kwangaphambilini kakhulu 240 billion. Hlikihla.

ezingokoqobo Ekhona zokuphila

Kukhona ngesineke ukuba nginqobe isithiyo sina kakhulu ukuqaliswa kohlelo - isimo ayinakho izimali. Yiqiniso, lolu hlelo luyoba ngokugcwele ukusebenza nge isimo. Kodwa kusukela ngo-2015 isabelomali wezwe lwemukelwa kanye kusilela of 2.68 billion. Hlikihla., Futhi ngo-May 1, 2015 esikweletini usephendukele ngale izifunda ayizigidi zezigidi ezimbili. ukukuthinta., kunzima ukucabanga ukuqaliswa lula futhi fast lohlelo ukudla.

amaphutha akhona

Naphezu ukungabi khona isabelomali sikahulumeni izimali ezidingekayo ukuze ukuqaliswa kohlelo, kukhona nezindaba eziningana isikhathi eside abakwazi ukuxazulula Ministry of Industry. amakhadi okwamukeliswa kanye nokuqaliswa imfundiso yabo ukukhetha ecacile abakhiqizi scheme, okuyinto namanje akukho. Okwesibili, akukho ndlela ecacile ekubhekeni izinga kwezimpahla edingekayo.

imicabango yabantu uchwepheshe

Ukuze ochwepheshe uhlala evulekile umbuzo esisodwa esibalulekile: okubaluleke nakakhulu isimo - usekelo kubakhiqizi bendawo noma zinikwa engenayo ephansi izakhamuzi?

A. Borisov, usihlalo we Chamber of Commerce of the Russian Federation on ukuthuthukisa emakethe umthengi, ukholelwa ukuthi ukwethulwa amakhadi zizoshintsha ohlelweni ukwesekwa umkhiqizi. Kulokhu, abalimi bazokwazi ukuthola izimali ngenxa yokwanda funa futhi zikhuthaza, kunokuba ngqo.

Vostrikovs DM. (Rusprodsojuz) avumela amakhadi okwamukeliswa. Yena okholwa ukuthi lokhu kuzosiza ukukhiqizwa lendawo kunokuba intengo isiqondiso.

Krupnov Yu, iNhloko Supervisory IBhodi Institute of Ukucwaninga amanani nokuThuthukiswa Regional, wathi lolu hlelo kuyisipho kusukumisa umnotho wendawo ukulima kanye Russian Federation. Yena okholwa ukuthi Russia ilungiselela ukubuya isabelo amakhadi nokuthi kuyoyixazulula eziningi izinkinga ezihlobene nokuphepha ukudla esikalini zwe. Uhlelo ngamazwi akhe, inkulu ukudla oda kubakhiqizi wezolimo.

M. Mamikonyan, umongameli we-Inyama Union, kusho ukuthi izwe, lo mkhuba usizo abaswele kuyinto basekela ukuze kubakhiqizi bendawo. Kepha ophikayo ukuthi namaqiniso Russia, lokhu ukwesekwa kuyoba abangelutho. UMongameli ukholelwa ukuthi lolu hlelo yakhelwe inani elilinganiselwe abathengi, futhi izimali zabelwe njalo ngenyanga, kuyoba encane, ayoba mancane amathuba okwenza ukuthenga phezu kwabo inyama - umkhiqizo kunalokho ezibizayo.

Izizathu ukwethulwa isabelo amakhadi

Uhulumeni uqiniseke ukuthi uhlelo neze exhumene emazweni ukudla-kusilela. Ngokusho kwabo, isabelo amakhadi eRussia kanye nosizo olunikezwa kubo ezothuthukiswa ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

1. ukubusa waseRussia nemithetho WTO sizokwenza izwe lethu inciphise usizo ngqo abakhiqizi yezolimo ezicashe izibonelelo ahlukahlukene, uxhaso, ukubolekisa oyithandayo, njll Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho WTO kungavumela uhlelo ngokusekelwa izazi zezolimo namahlathi zendawo ngokusebenzisa yasekhaya usizo lokudla ukuqaliswa kohlelo "ubhasikidi Green".
2. Namuhla kuleli zwe liyakhula inani labantu ababeka izitembu ukudla: kuba ngaphasi kwelizinga lebuphuya futhi ngimpofu. Kule minyaka 8 iminyaka, inombolo yabo selingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-21. Pers. Ziyakwazi izakhamuzi abadinga yesibonelelo sikahulumeni.

Izigaba ethula usizo lokudla

Ngokusho idatha wokulungiselela, uhlelo kuzoqala 2017 Kuze kube manje, lemali ngeke adluliselwe ikhadi kuyoba ruble 1400. nyangazonke. Kucatshangwa ukuthi uhlelo kuyoba ukuthenga imikhiqizo emashalofini ahlukene ngamaketanga okudayisa. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi lolu hlelo ngeke eceleni esakhiwe yezitolo social.

Ekuqaleni 2018 uqale esigabeni esilandelayo. Siqukethe kuvulwa okudlela nomphakathi, lapho ungathola ukudla okushisayo, ngokuletha ikhadi ehambisana.

Yikuphi kufaka ukuqaliswa kohlelo

Ukubuya isabelo amakhadi, ngokuvumelana uhulumeni, has kuphela izinhloso engcono.

Ukuze sisekele nomkhiqizi wendawo kushintshiwe umthetho ku ukuhweba. Lezi zichibiyelo ukuqeda nezimali ezivela abahlinzeki nokwehlisa izinsuku zokuhlala. Namuhla, uthenga ku-intanethi kungasibambezela ukubala nge amapulazi amancane sikhatsi lesingaba tinyanga letisitfupha. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuchuma kwezamabhizinisi ukubolekisa khulula kusuka encane. Okungukuthi, kwakuthiwa, kuyoba ukuvula umnyango amaketanga okudayisa abalimi bendawo abancane, ogama kukhuthaza futhi kusho uhlelo ethula isabelo amakhadi.

Imiphumela

Lolu hlelo lubandakanya ukwethulwa isabelo amakhadi:

• usekelo kubakhiqizi bendawo;
• usekelo abampofu;
• ekuthuthukiseni ukuhweba.

Ngo-2016 isabelo amakhadi eRussia uzokwazi:

• iningi abadala abaphila ngaphansi komugqa wendlala, kucatshangelwa ubukhulu isilinganiso kwezimpesheni-2015.
• omama abangabodwa;
• izakhamuzi abangasebenzi;
• kwamaqembu ezinhlanga ezifana Abantu eNyakatho Ekude, Tajiks, amaRom.

Ukuze amakhadi badinga ukusebenzisa emagunyeni afanele nge isitatimende futhi iphasela kwemibhalo.

Ngaphezu ukwethulwa e-2017 we isabelo amakhadi 2018 sihlelwe ukwethula ngesikhathi encishisiwe uhlelo lokudla, okuzokwenza ukuthi kutholakale abampofu ukuze uthole kwasemini khulula ekamelweni lokudlela / cafe.

Izazi eziningi emkhakheni bakholelwa ukuthi isabelo amakhadi iphrojekthi ezibaluleke kakhulu nangokuphumelelayo Russian Federation. Bayoba ukunikeza ithuba hhayi kuphela ukusekela ukukhiqizwa lendawo kanye ukusetshenziswa, kodwa futhi emakethe umthengi kanye nomnotho wonkana. Into ebaluleke kakhulu manje, kuhlelo usizo emphakathini izakhamuzi olungavikelekile labetibambile ngaphandle komthetho.