Bering ephasishi Strait kwe-Nguqulo Yezwe

IBering Strait uxhuma Arctic Ocean, baze bafika eLwandle iBering, futhi ehlukanisa amazwekazi amabili: I-Asia futhi i-Nyakatfo Melika. Udabula ke Russian-US umngcele. It is esigama ngoba Vitus Bering, ukaputeni Danish ababaleka ngemikhumbi kuyo 1728. Nokho, kuze kube manje akukho Ziphikisana ngokuthi ubani ovule iBering Strait. Delta Anadyr River, lapho kungenzeka ukungena kuphela ngokusebenzisa strait, waba uphenyo Cossack Semenom Dezhnevym emuva 1649. Kodwa kamuva ayekutholile kwaba engabonwa.

Strait of 30-50 m ukujula, futhi ngokwesilinganiso, ububanzi endaweni encane kuyinto 85 amakhilomitha. Esikhathini Strait kukhona iziqhingi eziningi, kuhlanganise esiqhingini Diomede futhi isiqhingi St Lawrence. Ezinye amanzi Bering Sea kugeleza Strait ku-Arctic Ocean, kodwa iningi ngulona logeleta ePacific Ocean. Ebusika, iBering Strait obala okukhulu isivunguvungu ulwandle embozwe amamitha ice 1.5 obukhulu. Drift ice uhlala lapha ngisho maphakathi no-ehlobo.

eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane 20-25 edlule, ngesikhathi Ice Age, omkhulukazi izinguzunga zeqhwa yezwekazi kwakheka Nenkabazwe Zomhlaba, luqukethe amanzi kakhulu kangangokuba kolwandle kwaba engaphezu kuka-90 amamitha ngaphansana manje. Emkhakheni iBering Strait falling welwandle wadalula omkhulu, wazala endleleni yeqhwa, eyaziwa ngokuthi iBering umhlaba ibhuloho noma Beringia. wazihlanganisa Alaska wesimanjemanje esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga ye-Asia. ososayensi abaningi basikisela ukuthi Beringia kwaba emathafeni izimila, kuso Kwakuseshwa ngisho reindeer. Isthmus wembulela abantu umnyango Ezwekazini laseNyakatho Melika. iminyaka eyinkulungwane 10-11 edlule, ngenxa ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa okwakungokokuqala ngqá Sea ezingeni uvukile, futhi ibhuloho yonkana iBering Strait wawudla izindwali ngokuphelele.

Umqondo wukuthi kulezi zinsuku, ukuphuma waseRussia Chukotka American Alaska, ngokwanele ukubhukuda amahora amabili ngesikebhe. Nokho, kokubili US neRussia nciphisa ukufinyelela ku ichibi. Futhi kungabi ngenxa US noma Russian owakhileyo cishe sangakwazi ukuthola imvume ukubhukuda iBering Strait. Ngezinye izikhathi bamazwe uzama ngokungemthetho ukuwudabula ngesikebhe, ukubhukuda noma iqhwa.

Kukhona akulona iqiniso ukuthi strait ebusika zilimaze ngokuphelele, futhi kulula ukuya kwi iqhwa. Nokho, kukhona zamanje enyakatho eqinile, okuyinto ngokuvamile kubangela ukwakheka iziteshi ezinkulu evulekile yamanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi ziteshi baba avimbekile yokuhamba nezixhobo ice, ukuze ingabe kwakuthiwa kungenzeka, ayesuka ucezu ucezu, futhi kwezinye izindawo ezihambayo by ukubhukuda, uwele strait.

Okwamanje kukhona ezimbili amacala inezimpabano ngempumelelo iBering Strait. Eyokuqala sabhalwa ngo 1998, lapho ubaba nendodana ezivela eRussia wazama ukuhamba Alaska. izinsuku eziningi bachitha olwandle ku ukukhukhuleka amabhlogo ice, kwaze kwathi ekugcineni, babengaliqondi alethwe ogwini Alaska. Futhi hhayi kangako kudala, ngonyaka ka-2006, Umhloli wamazwe oyiNgisi Karl Bushby futhi umngane wakhe American Dimitri Kiefer wenza esebuya. Ngo Chukotka, bona baboshwe ngo-FSB Russia futhi badingiselwa emuva US. Kwaba futhi namanje imitamo lembalwa ezinjalo, kodwa zonke saphela ngokukhululwa ukuthi abatakuli kwadingeka ukuba ngosizo ezinophephela emhlane ukuthi siphakamise abantu ice amabhlogo.