Izigangi - a Slavic noma zamaJalimane?

izizwe ezinkulu eziningi zaba khona phakathi nomlando wesintu. Ezinye zazo ziye kwesokunxele trace kancane, ahamba kanye namasiko izenzakalo ezijabulisayo bathule gone. Abanye bakhumbula phakade sibonga yokuthi eyakhelwe izakhiwo omkhulu, washiya isizukulwane esisha okutholwe yisayensi noma, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-phansi, lokubhubhisa nokufa.

Isizwe izigangi

Izigangi - isizwe esasikhona ngenkathi ukuthuthelwa elikhulu lezizwe. Kuyinto ngokuvumelana negama lawo kwavela igama elithi "phansi", ngamanye amazwi, abanothando ubuhlungu ukubhujiswa, engenalo nelincane umqondo. History of the izigangi lwaluqala Vistula ne-Oder, kwaba endaweni yazo ngqa. izindawo lahlukahlukene wahlukanisa abantu zibe izingxenye ezimbili - kubekwe uphawu futhi asdingov.

Ukuxhumana lwamaSlav

NgeNkathi Ephakathi the izigangi wabayishumi lwamaSlav. Kukhona umbono kanti namanje usagcinwe uhla mlando eziningi. Okokuqala I akubhala lo mcwaningi German okwakuthiwa uAdamu Bremensky e 1075. Ngokusho kwakhe, inkazimulo kwakubhekwa njengengxenye enkulu eJalimane, lapho akha ^ eziphambili. Uma lezi izigangi kakhulu ^ eziphambili owabizelwa khona. Umlobi Gelmold babekholelwa ukuthi lwamaSlav nabizelwa endulo izigangi futhi kamuva ^ oluseqophelweni Vinita.

Ngo 1253 indela lase Rubrick wabhala ukuthi izigangi - abantu abakhuluma izilimi ezingaziwa kakhulu efanayo njengoba Ruthenians, nabasePoland, Bohemians (amaCzech namaRomany isihambile). nezinye izishoshovu Abaningi isikuqinisekisile ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi kulezi zizwe babe amasiko Russian, ulimi nenkolo.

amaqhawe kakhulu

Ukubheka isithombe se-izigangi (kusuka zemihla zomlando ukuthi baye bafinyelela izikhathi zethu, yebo, kuphela izithombe), ungakwazi ngokushesha ukuqonda ukuthi isinyathelo sezempi wathatha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwabo. Babaziwa ngokuthanda njengoba amasosha kakhulu, ojenene waseRoma nge ekuzingeleni ekhethekile wabatfululela kwababusi legionaries yakhe. Vandal ngokuthi Stilicho, owayehlala iminyaka 365-408, baba sibonga abadumile yokuthi ukuthi wayewukuphela umqaphi a ezincane uMbusi Honorius, kanye asigubhayo ojenene enkulu yoMbuso WaseRoma. Stilicho nabanye izigangi ephethwe dudula ayehlasela amaVisigoth Franks ikhefu.

Ngo 406, le izigangi, futhi bonke baya siqu ukuhlaselwa kwabo siqu, ayisekho phakathi kwababusi wamabutho aseRoma. Wabahola eNkosini Gunther. Bamnqoba Spain. Ngo-429, bashiya ke amabombo eNyakatho Afrika. Kungakapheli neminyaka eyishumi, ibutho elikhulu of izigangi, ekuqaleni ehlanganisa amasosha 80,000 ebanjwe lonke ugu eCarthage, ukuze Gibraltar.

Ukukhulisa neviyo lemikhumbi elinamandla, athumba ngosizo eSicily, eSardinia futhi Corsica. Ngo-June 455, bona nebutho zazo ezinamandla esesifundazweni Italy wavimbezela eRoma. Okuwukuphela kwesizathu esenza amaRoma akazange ukumelana. Bashaywa uvalo, bamkhanda ngamatshe, niyazise inkosi Maksima Petroniya futhi bephosa isidumbu sakhe phakathi Tiber. eyodwa kuphela UPapa Leo kuphela kuqala waphuma ukuyomhlangabeza abanqobi zingenakunqobeka, kodwa akakwazanga sibakholise. Uqinisile nane izinsuku wanika Gaiseric izimpi yayo yokuthi uxoshe Lomuzi Waphakade. Izigangi udonse konke bengasakwazi ukuthwala kude: zasendlini izimpahla ezindlini, izigodlo igolide, imifanekiso kanye zezibani kusukela amathempeli. Ngisho ophahleni isuswe ethempelini Capitoline Jupiter. Izigangi wathatha naye, futhi amaRoma, Balisusa izinkulungwane kubo e-Afrika, ukwenza yizigqila. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka amaningana, iRoma yayingumuzi lingenamuntu futhi namanje.

Unyaka 477 Gaiseric wafa, nabo bonke owamlandela wafa bengavilaphi ngayo ngokunethezeka. Uma eMedithera laphangwa, yonke ingcebo Skopje ukuba eCarthage, izigangi wahlanganyela kuphela ukudakwa. Phakathi ezancinza, nezigqila, abadansi nabaculi, basheshe balahlekelwa amandla nesibindi sabo. Ngo 533, imikhumbi WaseByzantium wababulala, ngokuzumayo njengoZamcolo ababekuso isikhathi sakhe eRoma. State izigangi wanyamalala, ngoba lwamaSlav akazange akha Afrika.

Iphutha, okuyinto eyaba inhlekelele amaJalimane

Imfundiso ukuthi izigangi kuningi esifana ne izizwe Slavic, akashiyi kungabaza. Lokhu kufakazela eziningi amaqiniso. Kodwa uma sebengene ngephutha ubalwe njengenye amaJalimane, futhi kakhulu kwashintsha umlando wesizwe. Iqiniso ukuthi izigangi - a mlando zamaJalimane yahlulelwe lapha ngalokho. Ngemva izimpi sikaNapoleon ne Izicukuthwane we Bourbon lwamakhosi wabuyela eFrance ezimnandi zakudala. Kodwa ekhaya babelindele izigodlo zonakale kuphela. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke bambiza lesi senzo phansi.

The French wacabanga ukuthi abantu atheleka - amaJalimane. Ngenxa yalokhu, futhi kwakukhona umbango we Gauls futhi esizweni zamaJalimane, kuyingozi, enobudlova futhi sinesihluku njengoba ngephutha isinqumo. Izazi-mlando zesizukulwane bangaleso sikhathi babesebenza kuyo ngaphandle kokukhetha isiFulentshi, ngakho imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukuthi izigangi - kuyinto amaJalimane, yasheshe uquqaba.

Nokho lwamaSlav

Kufanele baye bacabanga umhlaba wonke izigangi amaJalimane, musa kube mlando WaseByzantium. Bancika hhayi siqu ithiyori yabo kwamehlisa, kodwa kuphela amaqiniso. Izigangi ulimi kwaba ngempela efana Slavic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela lwamaSlav neze ngokuthi ukuvikelwa izigangi.

Izihlobo ezingeni yobuhlanga namalimi wemiphakathi, waba nemisebenzi medieval Russian zomlando, futhi Slavic temdzabu. Ubufakazi leli qiniso kungaba ngokuthi inganekwane lomdala ngegama kweZwi, futhi indodana yakhe, ebizwa ngokuthi izigangi.