Isibonakaliso sengozi yomlilo singesinye sezibonakaliso ezingu-12 ezamukelwa emhlabeni wonke ezibonisa izindawo ngezinhlobo ezithile zokusongela impilo nempilo yabantu. Isitatimende esithi "Ukuqapha, imisebe!" Kwaba khona ngokufanele emva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II. Isibonakaliso sengozi yemisebe sakhiwe futhi sisetshenziselwa okokuqala e-laboratory ye-American University of California eBerkeley. I-physicists evela eBerkeley yaba nendima ebalulekile ekusungulweni kwebhomu le - athomu, bese ibhomu le-hydrogen. Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwesibonakaliso esivele ivele, ngo-1952, ichazwe encwadini yomunye wabahlanganyeli - isazi samakhemikhali uNels Gardena. Iqembu elincane labacwaningi lanikeza amasampuli amaningana wesibonakaliso, futhi bakhetha lokhu, okwakubonakala kusengcupheni. Wayenemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-Purple incazelo yalo yamaRoma yakhethwa ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zokupenda ngokuqondile lo mbala - lokhu kwaqeda ukukopisha okungenangqondo, kubhala iJardin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akahambisani nanoma yimuphi umbala othandwayo kule ndawo yesayensi. Ngomgomo ofanayo, isizinda esibomvu sikhethiwe .
Omnyama ophuzi
Isithombe sesimanje - isibonakaliso esimnyama esikhaleni esiphuzi - sabonakala kamuva, lapho izimpawu zomuthi zisetshenziswa kaningi. Izinto ezithwala ingozi ye-radioactive ziye zaba ngaphezulu. I-Garden, omunye wabasunguli besignali, ayithandi izimpawu ezimnyama zezimpawu zomzimba. Ukholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuvamile okwesibhakabhaka ekudalweni kwezinto kwanoma yikuphi ukulimaza ingozi kwandisa ingozi yemisebe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphawu oluphuzi alubonakali kahle ngokuya ngemuva kwesibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka. Noma kunjalo, isizinda esiphuzi sikhethwe ngo-1948 ngokusimiswa kwesibonakaliso njengento eyinhloko. Isibonakaliso samathathu amathathu noma ama-blade amathathu ahlala ephuzi okwamanje. Abalobi besithombe esisha bathola ukuthi lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwemibala kubonakala ngokucacile emoyeni ovulekile kusuka kude kwamamitha angu-20. Izindinganiso zanamuhla zaseMelika (ANSI), ezisungulwe ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950, zivumela ukusetshenziswa kokubili izibonakaliso zemisebe ezimnyama nezibomvu.
Incazelo ebonakalayo yesibonakaliso
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngokuvamile amalebula wengozi efomini amelela izintathu zangasese ngesinye isithombe noma esinye isithombe ngaphakathi. Ngokusho kwe-GOST yaseRussia, lesi sibonakaliso sibonakaliso sokuxwayisa. Izimpawu zobuthi kanye nemisebe yezimpawu zikhonjiswe emaphoyiseni angu-9 kwangu-10 esisekelweni sesikwele. Isibonakaliso somsakazo ngokwawo singumbuthano ohlukaniswe ngezigaba ezingu-6. Abathathu babo bamnyama. Amacembe amabili omnyama-imikhakha iphakamisa, eyodwa phansi. Isho ukuthini uphawu ngokwalo? Kunezinguqulo ezimbili. Owokuqala uyinhlanhla ephikisanayo njengophawu lokushona kwemvelo, okwesibili, okungaqondakali okukhulu, isibonakaliso sifana nefulegi lempi lamaJapane ahlala entshonalanga yombuso wesiqhingi. Ngendlela, ukufana kwesibonakaliso semisebe yesikhanyiso kuya emfanekisweni we-Mitsubishi imoto ukukhathazeka kuyamangaza. Kodwa phansi.
Uphawu olusha lwemisebe
Ngo-2007 kwavela isibonakaliso esisha semisebe noma ingozi ionizing. Lesi sibonakaliso somsakazo ezithombeni sithandekayo. Emlandweni obomvu, omnyama ubonisa isibonakaliso sendabuko yemisebe, i-skull ene amathambo - isibonakaliso sokufa, umuntu ogijima - isikhalazo sokushiya indawo yokunqotshwa. Abalobi bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sibonakaliso siqondakala kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kuyinkinga ukuchaza, ngoba umthombo wengozi ungumfana ofanayo owe-three-petalled, ongenakuqondakala kahle kumuntu ovamile, hhayi ngokushesha futhi akubona bonke abonakala njengengozi ebulalayo! I-IAEA ikholelwa ngobuqotho ukuthi isibonakaliso esisha sizoqondakala kakhulu kubantu abancane abafundile abangayiqondi isibonakaliso sokuqala esingenayo i-echo enembile emphefumulweni wommeleli wabantu abangafundile. Ngesizathu esithile, ukuzethemba kwabo kukukwenza ucabange. Yiluhlobo luni olunembile lokuthi le propeller kufanele lenze ku-Czech noma eSweden? Noma kunjalo, i-IAEA manje izama ukwethula isibonakaliso esisha, naphezu kokubona kwayo okubonakala kunzima kakhulu. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukuqashelwa kwezibonakaliso ezintsha zemisebe kwahlolwa emazweni afana ne-USA, Morocco, Kenya, Thailand, India nase-Ukraine. Uphawu luhlanganiswa ne-World Organisation for Standardization embonini ye-ISO futhi lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela zalo zokuqalisa.
Futhi uphi uRoerich?
Kodwa ingabe kukhona enye into enembile kuloluphawu? Ukufana kwalo neRoerich banner kuyamangaza. Imibuthano emithathu engqungqutheleni, itholakala efana namagundane wesibonakaliso semisebe. Kukhona inguqulo e-esoteric, ethi uMhlaba ulele endleleni ethile ye-cosmic, kodwa indlela ivaliwe ukuphazamiseka ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhali zenuzi. Ngakho-ke, isibonakaliso sengozi emsakazweni siyisibonakaliso senqubo yeRoerich futhi ibhanna iphenduke phansi. I-analogue ye-cross crucifix noma i-pentagram. Kodwa ngisho ngaphandle kokubonakaliswa kweNdlela, kusobala ukuthi ukuphikisana phakathi kophawu lokuthula (pax culturae) kanye nengozi yenuzi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezibonakaliso ezinobungozi be-radiation
Ekuqaleni eMelika, ngemva nje kokusungulwa kwesibonakaliso, kwakulungiswe ukuyibeka ezindaweni zokukhosela ezenzelwe ukuvikela ngokusongela kwe-athomu. Khona-ke lo mbono washiywa ngoba isibonakaliso sisho ingozi, hhayi indawo yokuhlala. Manje, ngokusho kwe-GOST 17925-72, eRussia lo mbonakaliso uveza izindawo, izinto, izinsimbi namadivayisi aphethe ingozi yangempela noma engaba khona emisebeni. Lezi zingaba izitshalo zamandla enyukliya, izimoto lapho izinto ezinomswakama zihanjiswa khona , ama- laboratories engokwenyama, ama-accelerator nezinye izinto eziningi ezithwala ingozi yemisakazo. Ngamafuphi, lapho izinga lemisebe liphakanyisiwe ngempela. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isibonakaliso sengozi emsakazweni ngezinhloso zemfundo, ezinkomfeni, ezincwadini, ngesikhathi sokuqeqesha. Ngokusho kwe-GOST, ukusetshenziswa kwesibonakaliso senhlekelele emisebeni yama-avatars ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zokuhlobisa, kanye nezinye izinjongo ezifanayo akuvumelekile. Kodwa akekho olandela lokhu. Futhi umthwalo wokusetshenziswa okungavumelekile nokungagunyaziwe kwalowo maka awuhlinzekiwe. Ngokusho kwe-GOST, ngendlela, i-trefoil kufanele ibomvu, kodwa abamnyama bavunyelwe ngemuva kwesizinda esimhlophe.
Indawo yokuPhepha
Izimpawu zemisebe zingabonakali izinto kuphela, kodwa futhi nezikhala. Indawo yokusebenza yezibonakaliso emi ngasemnyango wesakhiwo sezimboni ihlanganisa yonke indawo yendawo. Kukhona umqondo we "zone", okuthi, ngenxa ye "Stalker" yabazalwane baseStrugatsky, inemibala yawo engokomzwelo. Manje endaweni ethile emkhatsini wezokuvikeleka komphakathi kanye ne-cyberpunk kunomkhankaso wokuthola izindawo zokungcoliswa kwamagesi okuye kwasinda kusukela ezikhathini ze-USSR, futhi izishoshovu zizama ukuzimaka ngezibonakaliso ezinjalo, ngisho noma zenziwe ngefriffiti ezindongeni zendlu. Kodwa izishoshovu azihlali zilungile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ingozi ingaba ingqondo. Futhi abantu, lapho bebona "umkhumbi omnyama" esikhaleni esiphuzi odongeni lendlu emgwaqweni wabo, baqala ukukhathazeka. Cishe, uhlelo lwezwe luyadingeka ukuthola, ukuhlonza nokubhubhisa izifo ezinjalo, kanye nomkhankaso wokwenza amahemuhemu. Futhi uma amahemuhemu, okungukuthi, ukungaziwa kahle, kukhona umuntu osebenza kahle, njengaseNdiya, lapho izinhlangano zomhlaba zilwa nezitshalo zamandla enyukliya? Isibonakaliso esisha somngcingo we-radiation sifana kakhulu nokubukeka kolaka lwawonkulunkulu nokubiza ukubhubhisa into eyathukuthelisa. Ngamafuphi, ukusebenzisa izibonakaliso zengozi ye-radiation kudinga amehlo iso.
Izimpawu zemisebe kanye ne-psyche yomuntu
Kusobala ukuthi ingqondo yomuntu iyingqayizivele yokwedlulisa izinsongo. Isimo somlilo sishaya isikhathi eside, kusobala ukuthi kubantu baseMpumalanga Ekude lezi zinkinga azizange zivele ekuqaleni. Imisakazo nomuntu bajwayele, kusukela ekuqaleni kokuqala kwesintu, imisebe yama-ray ehlala njalo imisebe, kepha manje ukwesaba ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezishintshayo kanye nezinguquko ku-genocode ngaphansi kwethonya lemithombo yemisebe engavamile kunanini ngaphambili. Futhi hhayi nje kuphela amazwi omlomo, kodwa futhi abezindaba, lezi zindlebe ziqiniswa. Mhlawumbe, maduzane idatha yedatha yemisebe izokwamukelwa kanye nesimo sezulu, kanti nasezikhungweni zezindiza abagibeli bazobe babhalwe ngezifanekiselo - "ukushiswa kwemisebe".
Ngaphansi komhlaba
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kwentsha esezikhulile lezi zibonakaliso ziye zayingxenye yesikhungo seqembu. Izindawo eziningi zobusuku ziphawula le cocktails yesibonakaliso, izindawo ezizimele kanye namagumbi okugeza. Konke kwakuyoba kuhle, ingqondo yengane encane futhi ingaboni lokhu. Intsha inenjabulo yokuvuselela isibonakaliso semisakazo, isithombe sayo egesi, amafutha noma isitayela esitayelayo singabonakala emisebenzini ehlukene yokwakha. Kodwa futhi, khumbula i-anecdote endala mayelana nomfana nempisi emhlasela ... Uma isibonakaliso sisetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi esimweni esiphephile, ingqondo ingayinaki esimweni esiyingozi.
Sethemba ukuthi ama-hipsters kanye nama-ravers bethu ngeke abheke izindawo zokuhlala zamabhomu e-athomu esikhathini esizayo esiseduzane noma azidibanise ngamakamelo okubhema, kodwa ezinye izilawuli zombuso mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwalesi sibonakaliso ngezinhloso ezithile kufanele zibe khona.