Iyini inkolo? Uzbekistan, amasiko kwawo okungokomoya futhi umlando

Mhlawumbe hhayi zonke izakhamuzi zezwe lethu lingakwazi flash wokwazi umlando Uzbekistan. Namuhla siyazi kulelizwe ikakhulukazi ngokuza kithi ababaleki abazimisele ukusebenza imisebenzi ephansi ukukhokha kakhulu.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izwe nge nomlando wayo lasendulo namasiko. Yiqiniso, kukhona futhi inkolo main, Uzbekistan - ezweni Muslim, nakuba amalungu bezinye izinkolo liyatholakala lapha.

isimo samanje

Namuhla, ngokusho izibalo, mayelana 88% abantu bakuleli batholakale Muslim. Abantu bendabuko Uzbekistan, futhi abameleli bezizwe ukukhuluma Turkic-. Uzbeks kukhona amaSulumane Sunni we Hanafi lokukholisa (kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi izwe Sunni Muslim okungaphezu Shiites, ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindawo ezimbili kuhlobene umzabalazo abanolaka).

Ngakho-ke, umbuzo mayelana nokuthi uluphi uhlobo inkolo e Uzbekistan obusa namuhla, sikwazi ukunikeza impendulo ngokuqiniseka: Islam iyi Sunni.

Nakwamanye amahlelo

Amahlelo asele yilezi ezilandelayo: amaKristu obu-Orthodox ethulwa Russian, ongazange Elikhulu balifulathela lelo zwe ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, nabasePoland bangamaRoma Katolika (kwemindeni yasePoland bathunyelwa Central Asia ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuze, ngakho Ulapha sahlala). Kukhona amaJuda Bukharan, abathi UbuJuda, kanye nawoyise. Kwethulwa futhi abalandeli amahlelo yesimanje YamaProthestani: amaBaptist, amaLuthela, amaSabatha nabanye.

Ngakho, wonke umuntu kuleli zwe has inkolo yayo, Uzbekistan, ngokuvumelana uMthethosisekelo izinqolobane ngoba izakhamuzi zawo ilungelo labamangalelwa lokukhulekela.

Umlando wenkolo yobuKristu e Uzbekistan

Ngokwesiko, ensimini ka-Uzbekistan banamuhla baye wahlala nabantu abahlukene. Bavuma namahlelo zabo ezingamaqaba. Nge BC V leminyaka kulomhlaba ifikile ebuKristwini, eyaziwa ngokuthi Sogdiana. Nokho, lachithwa cishe ngokuphelele Ephakathi, lapho Islam waqala ukuqinisa ngokwabo.

Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XIX, lapho uMbuso isiRashiya, uzama ukuvimbela ekuthatheni ezweni yi-British kanye nema-kuvalwe ukunwetshwa British ku kwemingcele yayo, unqobile ezweni, Uzbekistan ngaqala ukuvula Orthodox. Bakhandwa senzelwe Russian futhi abantu wendawo abangathanda ebuKristwini. Nokho, kwakukhona azinakwa. Futhi uhulumeni waseRussia i nesiko lako hhayi ukukufuna izikhonzi zakhe ezintsha. Ngokuqondene nalokhu ushintsho Islam ebuKristwini kwakukuncane kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, namuhla kukhona ngakho kancane emelelwa inkolo yobuKristu, Uzbekistan - ezweni ogama abantu babe amaqaba kuqala, bese, elalela intando khan, bamukela Mohammedanism.

Kungani kukhona wamukela Islam?

Akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi isizwe esinamandla kunazo Ephakathi - zolotaya Orda ngokwengxenye matasa insimu ka Uzbekistan.

Ngakho-ke, inkolo Muslim iye yamukelwa lapha, Uzbekistan njengoba isimo ngeke zibe uma Omkhulu zidlamlilo khans akazange ukucabanga imibuzo mayelana nendlela uvikelekile ngokomoya ezweni labo.

Khan wenza revolution engokomoya egameni Uzbek. Nguye wenqaba inkolo yokhokho yobuqaba, owawuthi kukhona onkulunkulu abaningi okumelwe akhulekelwe, ekubeni Muslim lokuqala olufanayo ezweni lakhe.

By endleleni, kukhona legend ukuthi Prince yethu Alexander saseNevsky, nazi ukuthi zona lezo izitha owahlasela Russia - amaqaba, wazama ukuncenga zidlamlilo Khan ukuba amukele ubuKristu. Nokho, nethimba Khan osezwile mayelana nezinhloso isikhulu isiRashiya, futhi ngaphandle ukuphuza kakhulu ebuKristwini ngokuba nesimo sengqondo nonomusa abantu ushevu Russian umholi elikhulu lempi futhi ohlakaniphile.

Indlela ukwazi uma singase senze izinhlelo Aleksandru Nevskomu, kungakhathaliseki namuhla iyizwe kumephu zomhlaba ngaphansi kwegama Uzbekistan, inkolo manje ezingenakuguquleka?

Umlando Uzbek

Ngakho, i-Uzbek Khan, kamuva uthethe ngokwayo isihloko Islamic Sultan Giyas kwezikhangiso Din Muhammad wahlala ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-14. Waziwa kakhulu khan iGolden zidlamlilo, ngeke kakhulu ukuqinisa amandla isimo.

Inkolo Uzbekistan Islam - inhlanganisela izinkolelo tribal bendabuko kanye namahlelo, okuyinto sebehlushwa ukuthuthukiswa Golden zidlamlilo. Kwakudingekile ukuba ngokushesha ukwenza okuthile. Futhi Uzbek Khan waqaphela ukuthi bakhethe sina ezimpilweni zabo.

Iqiniso ukuthi Uzbek wayengeyena umamukeli ngqo ngokuthi iGolden zidlamlilo sobukhosi. Yambamba amandla ngokubulala izindlalifa esisemthethweni okwakufanele abe inkosi.

Khan wabasiza kakhulu labo ababekholwe ephupha ngesikhwelo Islamization yesifunda. Yaqala ulwa abanolaka lekusasa zenkolo yezwe, lapho akazange ukunqoba abasekeli inkolo nobuzwe, nabasekeli Islamization we zidlamlilo. By the way, Islam uye njalo iwine ngomlilo inkemba, kusukela zaqala ukuba kule 6th AD leminyaka (ngisho Muhammad kwaba umkhuzi ezinhle, futhi mayelana 4 kuphela vizier grand futhi ayikwazi ukukhuluma). Islam Uzbek yamukelwa 1320.

Ukumelana esinqumweni sakhe phakathi Tatar-Mongol elite bekukukhulu. Ngakho, lapho yayibulale abangaba ngu-120 nezihlobo zabo ngqo Genghisides uhlobo lwe ukuba afihle lokho ayikho ukholo olusha.

Ukufisa ukuzenzela izifundo zabo othembekile nje isuke ibangelwa izithakazelo pragmatic ka Khan. Wafuna ngalolo noma yini ukuqinisa amandla akhe. Indlela ukwazi uma ayecabanga igama lakhe kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka ngokuthi Uzbekistan, inkolo okuyinto seduze kangaka kuye?

Islam namuhla

Namuhla Central Asia iyona indawo ukungezwani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eduze kwalo kukhona izenzakalo olunegazi, esinabantu ixubene imfundiso zezihlubuki ukuthi ozibiza Islam kweqiniso. Ibizwa ngokuthi imfundiso kaZiqu-Wahhabism. amalungu bakhe zehlelo, kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi i-LIH. Amalungu alesi elifuna ihlelo ukuze anqobe zonke izizwe, ukuba uqeqeshe kubo ngendlela yabo. Central Asia imele them okuphiqikayo. Ngakho-ke, inkinga ehlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu: "Uzbekistan - inkolo - Islam" okwamanje zihlobane kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.