Iyini indima yefungi empilweni yomuntu?

Emjikelezweni wezinto eziphilayo, umbuso wefungi awuyona indawo yokugcina. Amakhowe amaningi anempahla ewusizo kakhulu - ukubola izinhlanganisela eziphilayo emhlabathini kumaminerali, okwakhiwa kamuva izitshalo. I-symbiosis (noma, njengoba kubizwa nangokuthi, i-mycorrhiza) yezitshalo kanye nesifungumuthi yingxenye ebalulekile yokuba khona kwezitshalo eziningi. Kodwa kusho ukuthini isikhunta empilweni yomuntu? Futhi lezi zidalwa zendalo ziletha kanjani ekuphileni kwakhe?

Indima yefungi empilweni yomuntu: ukudla

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo abantu badla amakhowe njengokudla. Okudliwayo emvelweni - izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100, kepha ezisetshenziselwa ukupheka izidingo kuwo wonke amazwe kanye nabantu - kuze kube ngu-40. Njengoba wazi, lezi zidalwa ziqukethe izakhi ezanele . Abaningi kuzo kanye namaprotheni (ngendlela, ezinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo zezenkolo abavunyelwe ukuba badle ngalesi sikhathi, kanye nezitshalo). Futhi abantu abahlala eduze kwamahlathi noma e-taiga baye bawazisa isikhathi eside amakhowe njengenye yemithombo esemqoka futhi engapheli yokudla kwamaprotheni. Ezikhathini zangaphambi kokuguquguquka (futhi kuleli hora) kulabo bendawo, kwaba usizo oluhle ekusekeleni komndeni.

Ukutshalwa kwemifino

Namuhla, ezinye zezinhlobo zombuso wama-mushroom zenziwe ngumuntu ngokuzikhandla, ukuze zithole izinto zokusetshenziswa zokudla, ezakhiweni ezikhethekile ezilungiselelwe le njongo. Ama-mushroom kanye nama-oyster amakhowe, ama-shitake kanye noju lwe-agarics sebevele sebeyinto ejwayelekile emashalofini ama-supermarket. Futhi abantu bawasebenzisa ngenjabulo enkulu, ngoba kusuka kumakhowe ungapheka izitsha ezihlwabusayo nezondlo. Futhi indima yefungi empilweni yomuntu - amabhakede, ubhiya, imvubelo yewayini - iyaziwa futhi iyabalulekile. I-Kefir nesinkwa semvubelo ne-buns, ubhiya newayini, uhlobo lwenkokhelo ye-ushizi yiwo wonke imikhiqizo yokuphila kwalawa amakhowe.

Imithombo ebalulekile yemithi

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemithi, enye indima yefungi empilweni yomuntu ibonakala - ukuphulukiswa. Ngisho naku-Renaissance, owokuqala kwezincwadi zokubhekisela ezaziwayo (ngaphambili, mhlawumbe, ulwazi olunjalo lwadluliselwa ngomlomo) lwavela, lapho kunakekelwa khona isikhunta futhi njengendlela yokulungisa izifo ezithile. Emithi yesimanje, kusuka ku-fungus enjenge-aspergillus ne-penicillium, i-antibiotic enamandla ikhiqizwa - izidakamizwa ezingabulala amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic.

Ezolimo

Indima yefungi empilweni yomuntu emkhakheni wezolimo inkulu. Ezinye izinhlobo zokubunjwa zihileleka ekutshalweni kwezinye izitshalo (isibonelo, ezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo zamagilebhisi, ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwamajikijolo) kanye nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane ezithile zezolimo - ezingeni lezinto eziphilayo.

Kulimaza

Kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zefungi zinobuthi futhi zingabangela ukulimala kubantu. Isibonelo, uma uwasebenzisa ngengozi ukuze uthole ukudla. Ukudla ubuthi kungabangela nokusetshenziswa kokudla okubunjiwe, kuze kutholakale izidumbu. Futhi kwezolimo, ukulimala okukhulu kubangelwa yisifungi, okulimaza izitshalo - ikakhulukazi izihlahla zezithelo kanye nezinhlamvu.