Isakhiwo yokwakheka izinso kanye nephron

Urinary umuntu inikeza excretion imfucumfucu nitrogen ekhiqizwa kuleli inqubo umzimba, futhi uketshezi, ulawula umfutho wegazi, umthamo wegazi, acid-base ukulinganisela electrolyte ibhalansi. izitho Central kohlelo urinary kukhona nezinso.

Cabanga isakhiwo izinso. Izinso zitholakala afanako nhlangothi zombili yomgogodla ezingeni nesifuba ukuze XII mina-II vertebra lumbar, retroperitoneal, sizungezwe ungqimba obukhulu izicubu fat. izinso ngamunye ukuhlukanisa evele front futhi bakhulise, izigxobo engenhla nengezansi, ohlangothini ezilingene medial. Ngokusebenzisa Eminyango yamasango angena izinso ke lingena noma liphuma lenqwaba neurovascular. I izinso kwesokudla itholakala kancane ngezansi kwesokunxele, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa kwesibindi engaphezulu. Sezinso isakhiwo kuyivumela ukunyakaza elinganiselwe esimweni mpo. Isikhundla izinso lincike ohlotsheni somthethosisekelo womuntu (hypersthenic, asthenic noma normosthenic). Sezinso Gate ukugeleza phakathi ukhalo kwezinso, izinkomishi ezinkulu kanye nezincane, lapho iziqongo imibhoshongo kwezinso e ngesimo papillae. On kobuso papilla has imbobo encane lapho umchamo ikhishwe.

Yangaphakathi isakhiwo izinso kunalokho xaka. Nephron - lisisakhiwo isakhi izinso, ukuhlinzeka umsebenzi wabo. Isibalo nephrons kuzo zombili izinso kuyinto 3-4 million. I nephron yakhiwa glomeruli semithambo, tubules kwezinso kanye amaphilisi.

Isakhiwo izinso kanye nephron

Zimbili izinhlobo nephrons - olukha phezulu noma cortical futhi ezijulile noma juxtaglomerular. I glomeruli juxtaglomerular kuyinto iluphu omude Henle, okuyinto iphela papilla kwezinso. Glomerular capillary endothelium embozwe ikhule ezimbotsheni okuyothi ngalo umchamo ultrafiltration. Capillary babe glomeruli engaphansi ulwelwesi. amaseli EPITHELIAL zifane pads nge spikes ezimboze ingaphandle capillary. Izinqubo akha ulwelwesi engaphansi, it has a indima ebalulekile nezinye zokuhlunga umchamo kanye izinso imisebenzi.

kwezinso glomerulus kwakhiwa capillary Umhlinzi, ahlukaniswa okubangela izitsha esidayisa arteriole capillary nokwesibili igridi supply tubule. I-apharathasi juxtaglomerular igxile amaseli akhethekile ezikhiqiza renin. Le into iye bahileleke ekugcinweni amazinga blood pressure. tubule Iningi Itholakala medulla of izinso. Ngenxa yokuthi umkhumbi osenyameni iyincane kakhulu okuholela, ku glomeruli, a ingcindezi kuqhathaniswa ephezulu (mayelana 60 mm HG) kanye ukusefa kwenzeka kulo lonke igazi olandelanayo. Ingxenye yokuqala ye-tubule glomerular amafomu capsule emhlabeni Shymlanskaya-Bowman. A ibhola nge capsule ngokuthi corpuscle kwezinso noma Malpighian.

tubule urinary has a isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Straight izigaba tubules, iluphu of Henle futhi sbornve tube urinary ise medulla, futhi emazombezombe izigaba ijabulise elise oseduze glomeruli futhi ifomu nabo izinso cortex.

Sezinso isakhiwo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo ukuqhubeka. Kulesi ngengxenye yemisebenzi glomerular, kanye nezinye - ke uyaphumula. Zonke igazi okuyinto emzimbeni womuntu, ogeleza udlule e-izinso ngaphakathi ihora elilodwa. Ukuze Sutoki sidlula izinso 1500-2000 amalitha igazi. Composite izakhi umchamo ikakhulu bawe igazi kwezinso, kodwa ezinye akhiwa ngokuqondile izinso, isib, i-ammonia ne gipurovaya acid.

Sibuyuyekeze isakhiwo izinso - isitho eyinhloko uhlelo urinary, ukuhlinzeka excretion imikhiqizo umzimba kanye uketshezi olunqwabelene, kanye elawula homeostasis yangaphakathi zomzimba womuntu.