Isakhiwo ifayela Amasistimu wokusebenza ngezigaba zabo

Uhlelo ifayela-oda ezithile amafayela kunoma iyiphi ezigcina lapho lezi amafayela agcinwe. Njengoba sazi sonke, izinhlobo ezahlukene amafayela kungenziwa ekwikhompyutha omakhalekhukhwini kanye namanye amadivayisi mobile. Inhlangano okukugcina inquma format elise ulwazi, ngendlela yokugcina nokutjho. Kuzo zonke izinkethi ibonisa isakhiwo ifayela yesistimu yokusebenza. uhlelo ngalunye ethize ifayela inquma eyinqaba nje kuye,

- ubukhulu ifayela noma ifolda;

- iqoqo wesistimu izakhiwo (izingxenye) for uhlobo lwefayela ngamunye;

- ubukhulu benombolo esigabeni ifayela. Kwamanye izinhlelo, mhlawumbe ukwenza eminye imisebenzi ozikhethela ku amafayela izinketho eziyisisekelo ukubethela enjalo nokulawula ukufinyelela.

Noma isiphi isakhiwo ifayela yesistimu yokusebenza yenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

- yokuqamba ifayela;

- badale isixhumanisi esibonakalayo ehlukile izicelo;

- ichaza indlela ngokuqhathanisa model ngekulandzelana iboniswe konemimoya ngokomzimba;

- kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kohlelo;

- liqukethe ulwazi oluthile ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenziseka nezinye izinhlelo izakhi zalo (izicelo, amasevisi, core).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza multi-umsebenzisi uhlelo uhlobo lwefayela kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba kukhawulwe futhi ekhipha abanye abasebenzisi kusuka ekufinyeleleni idatha egcinwe kukhompyutha kanye ukudala izimo umsebenzi ngokuhlanganyela kwi amafayela. Isakhiwo ifayela yesistimu yokusebenza inikeza ukuxhumana kanye nokuxhumana medium isitoreji futhi i-API ukufinyelela amafayela. Ezisebenza kubukeka sengathi lokhu. Ngesikhathi lapho isicelo efinyelela ifayela, uhlelo akazi kahle lapho, ngasiphi disk ethize, ukuthi ulwazi oludingekayo lutholakala. Into kuphela ukuthi isicelo ethile, kuba kuphela impahla yayo siqu - usayizi wefayela, igama layo eliyingqayizivele izimfanelo. Ngakho sibonga yokuthi isakhiwo ngasinye ifayela yesistimu yokusebenza uhlukile izici zayo, setha endaweni kanye nendlela yokufaka ifayela ethize ku abezindaba (isib, ikhophi kanzima).

I hard drive ngokwawo iqoqo amaqoqo ejwayelekile obujwayelekile, ubungako bawo, ngokuvamile 512 bytes. Lezi amaqoqo kanye ihlelwe ku amafayela, nalabo yena, e zincwadi. Ngenxa isakhiwo eqondile amafayela kanye amalayelo babhekwa njengabantu mahhala futhi asetshenziswa okuyiphutha. Nokho, uhlelo lwefayela kuhlobane ngokuqondile amadivayisi abonakalayo nokugcina ulwazi, kukhona lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinhlelo virtual, amelela kuphela incazelo indlela ukufinyelela amafayela kanye Izincwajana.

Thanda izakhiwo kakhulu ekhona ngokwemvelo, ifayela has a imodeli phezulu inhlangano. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zonke halyards kunoma iyiphi OS ezihlanganiswe zincwadi. Eyokuqala yesistimu yokusebenza, lapho ukwakhiwa okunjalo a phezulu imodeli isakhiwo lalisetshenziswa uhlelo lokusebenza Multics isetjentiswe, sabe Unix. Yamakhathalogi ehlangana izihlahla, okungaba eziningana, njengoba kwenziwa uhlelo lokusebenza in the DOS / Windows.

Amadivayisi ezivamile namuhla izinhlelo ifayela, okuyinto by injongo yabo obusebenzayo kungenziwa oluthathwa zibe:

- abezindaba abanemigomo ukufinyelela okungahleliwe (FAT32, HPFS, ext2);

- senzelwe izimoto nge ukufinyelela ezilandelanayo;

- inethiwekhi virtual izinhlelo;

- amadivayisi optical kanye flash inkumbulo.

Ngamunye wabo has a eyinqaba kuphela umkhawulo wakhe kohlelo ifayela, lokhu ibangelwa iziqiniseko nokuvikeleka eliyingqayizivele futhi OS awatholakali umsebenzisi ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi.