Ipaki "Sergievka" ePeterhof: incazelo ukuthi ungazithola kanjani izibuyekezo. Into nakumasiko we Russian Federation

Lokhu epaki akufakwanga nemizila izivakashi ethandwa. Akukona ukuletha izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba ubunyoninco emithonjeni nezigodlo. Lesi siqiwu itholakala phezu edumile futhi esigodlweni, epaki Ensemble of ePeterhof. Lokhu ePeterhof e Petrodvorets wesifunda Old, eye isingathwe iningi impande Petersburgers ukuba enyuka ezizungezile shady yaleli paki, ukujabulela ubuhle bayo elimangalisayo.

Isici esikhethekile sale ndawo eziningi izingadi, okuyinto kubonakala sengathi ukhohlwe, kusale imvelo enhle eziyingqayizivele isakhiwo yibhece isikhathi isigelekeqe esinonya. Mhlawumbe-ke lo ubuqiniso waphenduka Sergievka emkhathini ekhethekile.

Umlando omncane

Esikhathini esidlule, le ndawo ezinomsindo yehlathi eliminyene. Ngemva ke wathenga ezweni AI Rumyantsev - sobala, isazi sezombusazwe ngesikhathi uPetru I, - Wakha izindlu, kodwa sivela kuye manje wawungasekho.

Ukuze kuhlonishwe Sergei Rumyantsev, umzukulu umnikazi wakhe wokuqala ezweni, epaki lethiwa samanje. Khona-ke ifa itholwe yi Kirillom Naryshkinym - ovelele nombusi esigodlweni, kodwa cishe ngokushesha ngathenga indodakazi yami nomyeni wakhe uMbusi Leuchtenberg ngemva kokufa kwakhe ensimini ka UNicholas.

Abanikazi entsha yayala wezakhiwo Andrew Shtakenshnayderu nokwakha epaki "Sergievka" ePeterhof ezweni esigodlweni, izakhiwo izinceku, esontweni futhi abashaya izingadi.

Esikhathini eko kwekhulu elidlule, epaki wathola isimo lesikhumbuzo bemvelo. Manor zonke izakhiwo kanye ezindaweni ezakhelene wayiswa Leningrad University, e kabani yomthetho njengoba unjalo namuhla. Leli qiniso liqinisekisa uqwembe ekuqa- esigodlweni.

Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, epaki kakhulu abathintekayo: cishe yonke zakhiwo kancane noma bawubhubhisa ngokuphelele. Ngeshwa, kungukuthi abuyiselwe hhayi ngokugcwele esimweni kuze kube manje, nakuba restorers Ususithathile kakade ukusebenza Old ePeterhof.

Ipaki "Sergievka": incazelo

Landscape epaki, obadalwa engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XIX, ithatha indawo namashumi amabili esingamahektare. Wayelethwa zibekwe phansi yehlathi yemvelo futhi namuhla kancane agcinwayo ukuhleleka wokuqala. Isakhiwo zemvelo lokhu lesikhumbuzo imvelo umelwe imiphakathi nemoral naseningizimu ehlathini ihlathi, izimfunda, emaxhaphozini nemibhede ephansi amanga ugu nomhlanga.

Esikhathini enyakatho ingxenye (ezisuka eGulf of Finland kuya Oranienbaum onguthelawayeka) ubuswa birch kanye Alder, phakathi okuyingxenye - oki kanye lindens. Kwezinye izindawo kukhona birch nesihlahla sonwele. Le ndawo ngobukhulu kuleli paki elalihlala birch nesihlahla sonwele.

Lokhu epaki sinikezwe ubuhle ekhethekile, sibonga eziningana amachibi yokufakelwa ne kwamadamu gullies ezimbili. Ngokusho ukugeleza yabo ngezansi ukuze eGulf of Finland creeks lapho efakwe amabhuloho eziningi. Kusukela ngo-1920, iyisonto laboratories zocwaningo Petersburg State University.

Lesi siqiwu ubhekwa elincane. Ikakhulukazi uma siqhathanisa ngayo isigodlo kanye epaki Ensemble of ePeterhof Lower Park. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, kukhona into ukubona.

Manor Leuchtenberg

Lena isakhiwo sokuqala ukuthi uzobona ngokufaka kwepaki. It kahle kucace esitobhini sebhasi, okuhloswe ngalo lwesonto lwesigodlo. Kule singaphetha ngokuthi izakhamuzi wekuvana Manor inikeza imibono ngendlela ekhexisayo eGulf of Finland.

Isigodlo phrojekthi yasungulwa by wezakhiwo Andrew Stackenschneider abanekhono yingcweti izitayela eziningi futhi imisebenzi yabo bahlanganisa kahle. Ngokwesibonelo, e-ukubukeka ezakhiwo esigodlweni wakwazi sifake izakhi isiGreki Revival isitayela.

Isigodlo izakhiwo Kuthi okusikhumbuza isitayela villa sakudala eyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa mbumbulu, okuyinto kwahambisana zemibukiso, amathala, emadokodweni adjoined. Leli bhilidi elinezitezi ezimbili lwesigodlo lakhiwa ngo-1842 e isitayela classicism ngasekupheleni. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi sobala kwecebo okukhohlisayo: it is ecatshangwe nemininingwane emincane futhi ihlelwe ngendlela ehluzekile.

Lwathi luphela ukwakhiwa (1842) eduze esigodlweni ezakhiwa ekhishini futhi Chamberlain umzimba. Namuhla, ngeshwa, abawubheki lolungenamaphutsa. izindawo Finishing eliqoshiwe art yasePompeii. Ngenhla esigodlweni olunothile futhi stucco yayo imihlobiso wasebenza abaculi eziningana: M. Andreev, I. Tabarin, I. Drolinger, Davydov. Ngeshwa alinikeze kusukela Gumbs abazalwane irretrievably elahlekile.

On the izindlu zikhona nezinye izakhiwo, kodwa, like esigodlweni, namuhla ingabonwa ngabantu bangaphandle kuphela. Lokhu izindlu izinceku, ikhishi, bese kuthi bonke abanye ehlakazekile cishe wonke kwepaki. Babukeka hhayi njengoba ezikhangayo njengoba isigodlo, nakho okuye okwamanje ibuyisiwe, amalungu amabili kuphela olungaphambili lwesonto - enyakatho nasempumalanga, kodwa umsebenzi wokubuyisela kuyaqhubeka, futhi sifuna sokukholelwa ukuthi ngokushesha Palace uphinde ukwazi enkazimulweni yayo yangaphambili.

Manje esigodlweni park ezinye izakhiwo kuyinto St Petersburg State University Faculty of Biology.

ikhanda itshe

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi epaki "Sergievka" Petersburg sidalwe ezizungeze indawo yethu futhi sekuyisikhathi eside lwaziwa behlonipha wakhe, ukukhangana eyinhloko ayikona ukuhlanganisa Manor. Lwentando kwepaki iyinhloko itshe elikhulu, olubheka zonke izimenywa ifa lomhlabathi.

Lokhu ebaziwe uzungezwe nge ezinganekwaneni eziningi, futhi uthi ubani futhi kungani eliqoshwe epaki, mhlawumbe, akekho okwaziyo. Lona umsebenzi master engaziwa eliqoshwe elikhulu idwala eliyigwadle. Itshe lesikhumbuzo isendaweni emthambekeni udonga, eduze endlini Manor. Odlule sidlule indlela esuka endlini epulazini yomnikazi.

Ubukhulu ukubaza - 2h2,2h1,8 amamitha. I ebaziwe kuyinto bomuntu, mhlawumbe iqhawe. phansi Ngenhla ibonakala kuphela engxenyeni engenhla ke. amehlo ale ndoda avulekele. Ingxenye kwesokunxele ubuso cishe kuphela eshiwo okuyinhloko. Occipital ingxenye imbokodo akazange kusetshenzwe.

Iningi abacwaningi bafinyelela isiphetho esinobunye ngokubona ukuthi lokhu ebaziwe senziwa ekupheleni XVIII - ekuqaleni XIX leminyaka. Kukhona theory, okukuwo kwadalwa isithombe kaPetru mina, ukuze basize umkhaya ka umqophi engaziwa. Futhi ezinye zifana inkosi ukubona.

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, yilokho enhloko yalo eloba "Ruslan futhi Ludmila" A. S. Pushkin. Kumelwe ngivume ukuthi izivakashi eziningi inguqulo yakamuva kubonakala ikhange nakakhulu. Namuhla, ingxenye ebaziwe wangcwatshwa ngaphansi komhlaba futhi enye yezinto eziyimpicabadala enkulu ePeterhof. Ukuze ubone ke, kufanele uthole emhlabeni esigodlweni, yehla isitebhisi bagxume emfudlaneni. Futhi kukhona uzothola lesi silwane engaqondakali.

Ezinye izinto itshe

A ezinkulu ezimbalwa ezinkulu etholakala epaki "Sergievka". Stone ikhanda iyona edume kunayo wabo. Ngo kwepaki kukhona amabhentshi ezintathu ezibaziweyo esuka ezinguzungeni ezinkulu. Ogwini eGulf of Finland, eduze isakhiwo yangaphambili imishini amanzi-ephakamisa, olwasungulwa Andrew Shtakenshnejdera ukholwa, kukhona itshe elikhulu nge izinyathelo ezibaziweyo futhi izimbobo ezine enzelwe lokukhuphula izakhiwo.

Inguqulo mayelana nokuqokwa kwakhe ziyahlukahluka - kusukela yaseshashalazini yezinsiza noma umpheme ehlobo kuya ukubeka ingxenye izikebhe, mhlawumbe itshe uhlobo sibhekile.

Beach eLake Zelenka

Awukwazi ube uchwepheshe enkulu emlandweni ePeterhof, ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani echibini etholakala epaki "Sergievka", uthatha igama layo. Kudingeka kuphela ambheke amanzi elikhanyayo umbala oluhlaza ngenxa ukujula amancane sebuningini izitshalo, okuyinto kungabonwa ezansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lizungezwe izihlahla, amagatsha awo imbozwe entwasahlobo nasehlobo Emerald amahlamvu, njengoba kubonakala amanzi futhi sithuthukisa okwengeziwe ngalo mphumela.

Nqamula lapha - kumnandi okungabazekayo, nakuba ukushisa kwehlobo ezinye izivakashi yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba uzama luphole e Zielonka.

Amanxiwa isonto

Uma ufaka epaki, nihambahambe amabili namashumi amahlanu amamitha kanye izakhiwo ihhovisi, uzothola izinsalela izindonga ezine amasonto lasendulo ukuthi awusenalo esibi ezifana ngemva kwempi. Izazimlando ziye wasikisela ukuthi kwaba iSonto LamaKatolika, kodwa njengoba endaweni wokwakha ikude Western ubuKristu, kusukela kule nguqulo ngokushesha esishiywe dengwane.

Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bathola ubufakazi bokuthi yesonto ethempelini Orthodox: ku ipuleti eyodwa aqoshwe amagama Church. Ikakhulukazi yila manxiwa basakholelwa ngoba ungenza izithombe ezimangalisayo ngasemnyango: ezitsheni amahle imiphetho yayo abephule.

"Dacha Okwami"

Ipaki "Sergievka" wayo osempumalanga emaphethelweni imingcele on ensimini izindlu "Dacha Okwami". Ngokuvamile lezi zindawo zibizwa ngokuthi eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa empeleni kukhona izigodi ezimbili ezihlukene. Ukukhangana main kule ndawo - esigodlweni, lapho yakhiwa ekuqaleni wokubusa Princess Elizabeth.

Ngemva kwekhulu ngokunganaki wanika Tsarevich Alexander Nikolaevich. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, umnyuziyamu wawusegunjini lapha. Futhi namhlanje, yaqala umsebenzi wokubuyisela full-scale, lapho isakhiwo lide kakhulu sekwephuzile. Kodwa ngisho kulesi sifundazwe, kuyacaca ukuthi le ingenye yobuciko yezakhiwo Petersburg.

Atlanta emahlombe akhe anamandla ebambe ezibaziweyo olungaphambili lwesonto kanye amanga elisophahleni esitezi sesithathu ku amakholomu okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngaphezu esigodlweni, kuyo ehlobo ensimini ka the Crown Prince yatshalwa izingadi ezijabulisayo, zibekwe emazombezombe izindlela sizungezwe ezinguzungeni ezinkulu. Kwakukhona futhi indlu isonto elincane zintathu Ongcwele, okuyinto kwaba yisikhathi eside lusesimweni esidabukisayo.

Manje ifake isandla ekubuyiselweni kwalo sekuyaphela, kuba sekuqalile futhi isevisi labetibambile ngamaholide enkolo.

Izikhangibavakashi eseduze

Uma uvakashele ipaki "Sergievka", musa ubuvila ukuhamba kancane endaweni yakhe ngokushesha. Kunezinto eziningi izindawo eziningi ezithakazelisayo ukuthi awaziwa izivakashi abavamile.

Benoit Villas

Kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zezakhiwo elise imayela elilodwa kusukela kwepaki. Bonke benziwa isitayela bokwakha isiRashiya, kwahambisana by izakhi yeNyakatho Art Nouveau. Izinsalela Bobylskoy emzaneni, okuyinto kuthiwa ifa yamasiko ePeterhof, amehlo eziphukile.

Izindlu kule ndawo lalilikhulu kakhulu, kodwa abaningi babo babulawa empini, futhi abanye ayekade abhidlizwa ngesikhathi sempi. Lezi izigodi kangaka okuthiwa ngoba yakhelwe umakhi Leontiy benua emindenini ecebile nenethonya ngaleso sikhathi. Lezi zakhiwo umphelelisi emkhathini ongaqondakali futhi abuhlungu Old ePeterhof.

Oranienbaum

Ngempela, lesi esigodlweni, elise edolobheni Lomonosov. Ububanzi lapha wazizwa kulo. Kwasukasukela kwakukhona uPetru III, ngaphambi wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi. UCatherine II wamemezela Oranienbaum izindlu asebukhosini. Nakuba kunzima ukubiza lokhu ifa njengoba amapaki kweqiniso Ensemble (Lower kanye Upper), nge izigodlo eziningi, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu buildings isitayela Rococo.

Lapha ungabona Chinese kanye Menshikov Palace, sebuningini housings lwezisebenzi, emadokodweni kanye nezinye izakhiwo, okuyizinto eziningi iziqondiso ukutshela izindaba ezithakazelisayo.

Njengoba kusukela Petersburg ukuya epaki?

Uma unquma ukuvakashela ipaki "Sergievka" nokuthi ungafinyelela kanjani kulo, sizobe ukuthi ngezansi. Itholakala Petrodvorets esifundeni enhlokodolobha enyakatho, futhi ukuze ufike lapha ngebhasi, ibhasi noma imoto yakho siqu.

ngebhasi

Udinga ukuthola metro station "Avtovo" ngenombolo ibhasi 200 ukuze Sergievka. Umgwaqo kuzothatha amahora mayelana nengxenye kuncike ubude isiminyaminya phezu emaphethelweni omuzi.

Shuttle

Kusukela komhlaba "Avtovo" Sergievka kungenzeka ukuthatha isibalo Shuttle 401, K300. Kusukela metro station "Prospect Veteranov" ukuze lesikhumbuzo uthatha inombolo ibhasi K343.

Izibuyekezo

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Old ePeterhof eside undeservedly ukhohliwe, futhi manje kuphela kancane ephila, ngokuya baqala ukuvakashela iqembu izivakashi Park "Sergievka". Izibuyekezo ngalokhu ndawo ngempela eziphikisanayo, kodwa abantu abeza lapha, iningi labo bazi umlando kulezi zindawo, ngakho ungalindeli ukuthi u ukuthi lapha uzobona okunethezeka nobuhle, elifana nalelo ukubonwa ePeterhof, okuyinto evame kuqhathaniswa ne Versailles.

Ukukhangana main yaleli paki, ngokuvumelana iningi lezihambi - kuba ngokwemvelo. Imane omangalisayo. izihlahla yene ubudala izindlela manicured aphambana singazelele kuyi amabhuloho ebabazekayo aphonswe phezu komfula omncane noma udonga, nasezindaweni ezizungezile ezinamandla Ukuba avaliwe kombhede oki yabo ukunikeza umuzwa wokuthula kanye nobumfihlo. Lokhu kufana poro okusileleyo enhlokodolobha enyakatho. Kulesi epaki iyokwehlela ukubaleka ehlathini zasemadolobheni zamatshe, nihambahambe bese umoya opholile.

Ipaki ushaya inhlanganisela avumelanayo indalo nemvelo ne ikhono umuntu. Namuhla, kuyinto into nakumasiko yeRussia, futhi izivakashi eziningi lokuthi uhulumeni uzothola izindlela futhi ithuba lokubuyisa lokhu lesikhumbuzo zomlando esiyingqayizivele.