IMasada: incazelo, umlando. Israyeli ezikhangayo

Israyeli namuhla kufanele kubhekwe omunye zindawo ezimangalisayo kakhulu emhlabeni. Hhayi kuphela ukuthi kuleli zwe kwenzeke izimangaliso ezichazwe eBhayibhelini, futhi manje kukhona izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu ngoba izindawo yobuKristu.

Israyeli ezikhangayo

Akumangazi ukuthi iZwe Lesithembiso ingenye ethandwa kakhulu futhi kwafunwa izindawo izivakashi. Abantu ababevela kuwo wonke umhlaba lifika ku-Israyeli ukuba ithintane izindawo eliyingqayizivele shí umlando wasendulo uphumule ogwini Red noma Olufile.

Izikhangibavakashi kuleli zwe esiyingqayizivele. Ngo ndawo ungaboni izinsalela eziningi kangaka ongcwele nasezindaweni zokukhulekela. Iningi nezindawo ezingcwele Israyeli okwakuseJerusalema kuyinto Lethuna Elingcwele kanye Dome of the Rock, iSonto St Magdalena, yebo, eWestern Wall - omunye ezikhangayo esemqoka eZweni Lesithembiso. Itholakala ohlangothini olungasentshonalanga of the yethempeli engcwele - ingxenye yodonga lasendulo eyakhelwe ngayo ithempeli elakhiwa iNkosi uSolomoni. Igama elithi "ukulila Wall" wafumana ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha. Lapha namuhla amaJuda kanye nezivakashi ukuthandaza noma otmalivayut izono, kusale emifantwini amanothi, aqondiswa ku-uMninimandla onke.
Phakathi ezikhangayo Israyeli ingasaphathwa leyo engcwele kuwo wonke amaKristu waseNazaretha - edolobheni lapho sekudlule esengumntwana nangesikhathi intsha kaKristu, futhi lapho kwakukhona khona isimangaliso ivangeli. Ngenhla sivale indlela engena emgedeni kwegama elifanayo kumi enhle esontweni lamaKatolika yokudumisa Annunciation.

izindawo ezithakazelisayo izivakashi

Kuyiphutha ukucabanga ukuthi ezweni lakwa-Israyeli kuphela izindawo zokukhulekela kanye nezindawo ezingcwele. Kuleli zwe emangalisayo futhi kukhona iminyuziyamu eminingi ezithakazelisayo ukuvakashela. EZweni Lesithembiso kubhekwa hhayi kuphela lapho kwazalelwa izinkolo ezintathu, kodwa futhi sombuso impucuko. Ngakho-ke, inani zomlando kule ndawo ayikwazi overestimated. Phakathi izindawo uqinisekile ukuba beze izinkambo waqondisa izivakashi, iminyuziyamu ezifana Fine Arts, Israyeli, Kwesizwe Memorial Museum, Amazwe AseBhayibhelini, nabanye.

imibala variegated imigwaqo yedolobha, nesiyaluyalu esaba exubile ngabanye nasezintweni ezazisetshenziswa kudala abavela kuzo zonke izinkolo ezinkulu zomhlaba - esinye isizathu ukuthi kushisa, kodwa okumangalisayo ukuthi ezithakazelisayo Israyeli basuka izinkulungwane abahambi. Futhi budebuduze amasayithi yemvelo efana yoLwandle Olufile futhi eqonde oGwadule lwakwaJuda, ebhishi zokungcebeleka, nokunye. E., kwandisa kuphela ibutho izivakashi.

iMasada inqaba

Israyeli, njengoba ucezu ezincane komhlaba sizungezwe ezilwandle, izingwadule, amahlathi, nezintaba, uye namuhla ube ezweni yesimanje, kanzima futhi lakha ngayo izizukulwane eziningi amaJuda. Futhi uma uhlu zonke izindawo enkulu yalesi isimo, omunye wabo kufanele nakanjani vakashela. Top ten ezihanjelwa kakhulu ababuki bamazwe zihlanganisa iMasada inqaba kwa-Israyeli. Uhambo oda lapha njalo isihambi.

Ukuthola lapho

Isikhathi esining impela, amaRashiya babe leli gama Kuthi odidayo. Isizathu wukuthi iMasada inqaba, oluhlangene Israeli Wesici Mossad. Nokho, akukho ukuhlobana phakathi kwabo. Igama elithi "iMasada" livela esiGrekini, ngesiHebheru kusho "inqaba". Lesi sakhiwo lasendulo futhi edume azikutholi World Heritage Site. Itholakala eduze nogu Olufile - amakhilomitha amabili kuphela. Kuyinto inqaba yasendulo ka iMasada ngasemzini Arad, eduze umgwaqo ovulekile Ein Gedi.

indaba

Built-ke esikhathini amabili nanhlanu BC Irod mina Veliky, ubani umlando uyazi njengoba villain ononya besabe ukulahlekelwa sobukhosi bayalwa ukuba babulale wonke abafana eBhetlehema. Ngakho wazama ukuqeda isitha sakhe esikhulu - kaKristu owawusanda kuzalwa. Nokho, Irod mina Veliky ushiye emlandweni umzila kanye nezinye - njengoba inkosi-Umakhi. Lokho-ke siye sanwetshwa iNtaba YeThempeli, ke kabusha iThempeli Lesibili, wakha yemidlalo, okuyinto kamuva ihlelwe izinhlanga Gladiator izimpi emadolobheni asemaphethelweni eJerusalema.

injongo ukwakhiwa

Ukuze kuhlonishwe umfowabo oshonile, iNkosi uHerode wakha Mausoleum kanye nebhilidi. Ubizwa uyasho njengoba kabusha eSamariya, kanye ne-port sikaKesari, ithempeli elihle, esisogwini esiqhingini saseRhodes, kanye kumila kuHerodiyone futhi yaseHeshiboni ensimini ka Jordan lanamuhla.

Standing phezu yingxenye yedwala ungenakunqotshwa ku ogwadule endaweni eyihlane, iMasada inqaba ayenezinkinga eziningana. Okokuqala, kwakufanele uyoba isiphephelo, lapho iNkosi uHerode nomkhaya wakhe bengazizwa khona ukufihla lwalusetshenziswa ngezikhathi zempi, futhi okwesibili, kukhona wawugcina igolide izikhali.

incazelo

IMasada inqaba kunqoba yoLwandle Olufile at 450 amamitha. Kusobala esizeni ukwakhiwa kwesikhathi embangweni wamakhosana amaHasmonea, okuyinto, ngokusho imibhalo, sangomhla namathathu banesifo esibi ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu esivamile. Futhi namhlanje, lapha izivakashi zibonisa kanjani ngobuqili sezakhiwe amanzi supply system namabhati efana amachibi aseRoma. IMasada inqaba yayisetshenziswa kakhulu for ukulondolozwa ngamasheya izikhali lapha ukudla, kodwa wafika enkosini yakwa-wayazi ukuthi izinqolobane zakhe ongashi igolide zazifihliwe lapha.

inaccessibility

Kuzo zonke izinhlangothi isakhiwo lizungezwe emaweni, futhi kuphela kusukela olwandle kuze kube phezulu kwaba ungumthombo ongumngcingo "inyoka" indlela, okuyinto namuhla. Ngecala lasentshonalanga ye enqabeni iMasada lasendulo ixhunywe emhlabeni ngaphandle endleleni, okuyinto lakhelwe Roma egandayiwe yashayisa unqenqema. Ubude - abangamashumi amathathu imizuzu.

IMasada inqaba lakhelwe phezulu eweni, okuyinto ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele ithafa cishe flat ne Ubukhulu cishe 300 x 600 amamitha. Kuyinto kule sayithi kukhona esinagogeni trapezoid ngokwayo esigodlweni, armories, izakhiwo elisizayo, imigodi for ukuqoqwa kanye storage alandelayo amanzi emvula. Along azungezwe yasethafeni lizungezwe izindonga awugqinsi. ubude - 1,400 amamitha. Ukuphakama odongeni inqaba kwaba ezine amamitha. It ahlelwe 37 nemibhoshongo.

imivubukulo

Namuhla le nqaba, izivakashi zingathola ukubona esigodlweni, lapho kwakufihlwe izimpi engapheli zeNkosi uHerode nomkhaya wakhe, esinagogeni lapho afike wathandaza khona, izinsalela yamatshe emangalisayo. Sika emanzini amathangi idwala Massif kanye zokugeza ashisayo nabandayo kuthinte ubunjiniyela yayo. Kodwa ngithola kunazo yesiteleka, ngokuvumelana abavubukuli nezazi-mlando - esinagogeni. Sekuyisikhathi eside wamukele ukuthi amaJuda ayenalo akunasidingo ke, ngoba ithempeli. Nokho, lokhu okwatholakala has ochwepheshe bamangale. Iqiniso lokuthi inqaba iMasada waba kabusha ngesikhathi lapho kwakusenesizathu Second ethempelini eJerusalema, okuyinto lakhiwa kabusha uHerode. Noma kunjalo, kukhona yayikhona esinagogeni. Mangisho ukuthi a okwatholakala efanayo kwatholakala phakathi amanxiwa inqaba Gamla lasendulo. Ukuthi lokhu kwakuwubufakazi bokuthi esinagogeni lamaJuda lasendulo kwakungelona umbuzo khona ehlangene nethempeli.

irekhodi

Ngonyaka lamashumi ayisikhombisa kule nkathi yethu amaRoma ukuyiveza kuvukela, bakwazi ukuba abambe futhi babhubhise iJerusalema. Nokho, lowo mkhosi lokugcina ukunqoba baphinde ukuba abambe futhi inqaba iMasada, okuyinto wakwazi ukubaleka abasinda izihlubuki ezimbalwa. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi i-yokugcina alikho ingozi manje. Ngemva inqaba iMasada, okuyinto lizungezwe emaweni futhi izindonga eziphakeme, it namanje kubhekwa ungenakunqotshwa. Kodwa izihlubuki Abangaba abantu abangaba yinkulungwane futhi nezingane zabo futhi abesifazane, okwaba futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, bayibutho elikhulu wamaRoma. Ngakho ayeke ukunisa ephethwe ukuba azungeze enqabeni. Ingungu yensimbi ekhaliswayo ngokushaywa emhlabeni emakamu lalo lempi alifake eziningi, amaRoma wakhela igquma elikhulu elithi, eyayizoba endleleni odongeni castle.

Ngakho, amaRoma evimbezela inqaba, bamisa emhlabeni ezinye Emakamu empi futhi waqala ukwakha indunduma enkulu udonga inqaba. Yena prednachalas hhayi kuphela ukukhuthaza elihamba, kodwa futhi ukuthuthwa missile izikhali, kanye ziyalungiswa. Ukudalelwa kokuvalelwa inqaba. Ezihlubukini kwaba ndawo ulinde usizo. Ukuvela ibutho lamaRoma emboniselweni, ekubhubhiseni izindonga zawo Ram kulindeleke emahoreni Ukuza. Kodwa amaJuda uyaziqhenya, angafuni ukuhlazeka nobugqila, kuhlanganise nezingane zabo, iya isinyathelo abahlupheka kakhulu. I abavikeli le nqaba, amaRoma wakhetha ukungahlukanisi lokushiya empahleni edliwe, bazishisa zonke elise inqaba impahla. Zayishiya kuphela ukudla namanzi, ngaleyondlela ebonisa ukuthi aseRoma ukuthi ukuntuleka ilungiselelo abazange babe, yize kunjalo, ukhethe uhlangothi sokufa, wakhetha ukufa khulula.

I ebanga usizi kunazo page yomlando

Ngemva kwalokho, le Isibhicongo saqala: eziyishumi ezikhethiwe ngenxa amasosha bababulala bonke ababeyenzela ngalesi sikhathi ayecashe emboniselweni njengabangane babo abaseduze, kuhlanganise abesifazane nezingane, kuhlanganise eyakhe. Khona-ke bakhetha eyodwa, zabulala abanye abayisishiyagalolunye, kwadingeka wazibulala. Leli khasi indaba edabukisayo inqaba abadumile lasendulo kuze kube namuhla Olahlwe Iosif Flavy, ubhala ngakho encwadini enesihloko esithi "I-Jewish War". Ubizwa sithembele izindaba abesifazane ababili kanye nezingane ezimbalwa ngubani ephethwe ukufihla emhumeni bese sixoxe ngalokho okwenzeka, iqiniso adluliselwe zonke wathi ubufakazi. Ukunemba akhawunti yakhe waqinisekiswa imivubukulo - a amaphilisi ambalwa kuzo zabhalwa amagama labo ababambe iqhaza kule isiphetho ebulalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emhlabeni inqaba kube namuhla walondoloza futhi emanxiweni emakamu, zihlukaniswe aseRoma wamaRoma.

iMasada namuhla

Namuhla, kuze ezikhangayo kufakwe sanoma yisiphi izinkambo ka-Israyeli, kungaba zakhiwe ngokwemigomo ke imoto ikhebula. Imali - mayelana amabili amadola. Braves abalandeli kanye okunqoba izithiyo ngifinyelele inqaba kokubili "inyoka endleleni" kusukela oLwandle Olufile futhi lakhiwa amaRoma ngesikhathi livinjezelwe odumile we earthworks. Nokho, abahambi kakhulu namanje ukukhetha imoto ikhebula.

Ulwazi izivakashi

Phansi "inyoka" endleleni ahlelwe yokupaka izimoto. Kube futhi usebenza isikhungo ulwazi lapho izivakashi bazokwazi ukuthenga amathikithi ukungena castle, kanye nokuphakamisa imoto ikhebula. Kukhona Museum, okuyinto wazibeka zobuciko kutholakele phakathi abavubukuli. Ngo sezulu esihle, iMasada inqaba iguqulwe ibe ihholo ekhonsathini, lapho umculo kanye nezenzakalo zamasiko aphethwe.