Inqubo yokuthola imali: imibhalo, imigomo, izindleko

Ngokuvamile, lapho kungekho imali eyanele yokuthenga izindlu zakho, abantu bayithenga ngesikweletu. Inqubo yokuthola i-mortgage ibonisa ukuthi obolekayo ugcwalisa izimo ezithile. Yingakho ngaphambi kokuba uxhumane nebhange, kufanele ufunde zonke izikhohlisi zale nqubo. Ngakho ungakwazi ukugwema izinkinga futhi uphinde ukhiphe ngokushesha impahla.

Izidingo zezikhungo zebhange kumbolekayo

Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo esikhungweni sesikweletu, kufanele uqale uthole inqubo yokuthola imali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu kufanele aqonde ukuthi mboleko inganqatshwa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Yingakho kubalulekile ukudala isizinda esihle sokusebenzisana nebhange ngokutadisha izimo ezijwayelekile zokuthola imali. Ake sicabangele ezinye zazo:

• Ukutholakala kwempahla. Obolekayo kumele abe ngumnikazi wendawo ukuyihlinzeka njengesibambiso.
• Ukukhokhwa kokukhokhwa kokuqala, ubukhulu bawo obuvela ku-30% yentengo yefulethi nangaphezulu.
• Inani lokukhokha lokukhokhwa nyanga zonke akufanele lidlule u-1/2 wemali engenayo yomuntu othatha imali.
• Isimo esinesibopho sokuthola leyo mboleko ngumshuwalense hhayi nje kuphela indlu, kodwa impilo.

Isikhathi semali mboleko yokubolekwa kwemali

Inqubo yokuthola i-mortgage ihluke kwezinye izikweletu ngemigomo. Ubuncane ngokuvamile awuneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-3, kanti ukuphakama kunikezwa ngo-30, futhi kwezinye izimo, ngisho nase-50. Izimfuneko ezinjalo zisabisa abantu abaningi. Phela, bambalwa abantu abafuna isikhathi eside ukuba bancike enhlanganweni yebhange.

Ukwenza isicelo somboleko wempahla

Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi izikhungo zezezimali zenza izimfuno zabo kanye nemingcele kulabo ababolekayo. Isibonelo, ukuze uthole imali ngemalimboleko yezindlu, kufanele ube nemvume yokuhlala unomphela futhi usebenze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude besikhathi esiphelele somsebenzi kumboleka kumele okungenani unyaka owodwa. Uma umlando wesikweletu womthengi uphathwe, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthola imali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele abe nerekhodi lobugebengu kanye nezinye izikweletu ezifanayo. Isikhathi esincane sokuthola isikweletu sivela eminyakeni engu-21, futhi esiphezulu - esingaphezu kweminyaka engu-65-75 ngesikhathi sokukhokhwa kwempahla.

Lapho ugcwalisa uhlelo lokusebenza, ungacacisa ababolekayo, okungaba ngabazalwane, abashadile, abazali noma ababaziyo. Umuntu oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-27 kufanele avele ithikithi lempi ebhange. Ngaphandle kwakhe, mboleko izokwenqatshwa, noma ngabe inokubambezeleka ngokuphathelene nezifundo zakhe. Uma ufaka isicelo sokuthenga imali ngesikhathi esifanayo ezinhlanganweni eziningana zebhange, udinga ukuthola izidingo ezigcwele ngokubolekayo kanye nenqubo yokuthenga ingcebo ngayinye yazo. Ngemuva kokuba isicelo se-mortgage sivunyiwe, ungaqhubeka nokukhethwa kwezindlu ezifanele. Ibhange lichitha izinyanga ezimbalwa kulezi zenzakalo.

Indlela yokwenza imali?

Inqubo yokuthola mboleko ingokulandelayo: ukucubungula isicelo, ukusesha kwezindlu, ukuvunywa kwezindlu, isiphetho sokuthengiselana. IBhange lenza isinqumo esihle kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhambisa wonke amadokhumenti kwinhlangano yezikweletu ezinsukwini ezingu-5-10 zokusebenza. Ngalesi sikhathi, uhlola ukwethembeka kolwazi olunikeziwe futhi unquma inani lemalimboleko esiphezulu etholakalayo kumfakisicelo. Ngemuva kokuvunywa, iklayenti idlula ekukhethweni kwezindlu zangasese. Nakuba abanye bangaphambi kokukhetha indawo yokuhlala. Izinhlangano zebhange nazo zibeka izidingo ezithile ezindlini, okumele zicatshangelwe.

Uma umboleki ethola ukhetho olufanele, kuzodingeka athole amakhophi omthengisi wawo wonke amaphepha ebhange futhi asebenzise ukulinganisa okuzimele kwendawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkampani yokulinganisa kumele iqinisekiswe isikhungo sezimali. Emva kokuhambisa imibhalo efulethini, ibhange lihlola ngokucophelela futhi lihlolisise ukuba lingabandakanyi izingozi zomthetho nezomnotho. Lokhu kuthatha ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezingu-7. Ngokuvunywa kwamaphuzu ngosuku olumisiwe, amaqembu kufanele abike enhlanganweni yebhange ukucubungula ukuthengiselana. Obolekayo kumele asayine isivumelwano futhi athole inani elidingekayo ekuthengeni izindlu.

Izikhungo zezikweletu ngokuvamile zilawula ukukhokhelwa, okwenziwe ngemali ngelibhange lasebhange, phakathi kwamaqembu. Kulokhu ephephile kufakwa imali yezikweletu kanye nokukhokha okuphansi. Awukwazi ukuthola kuze kudluliswe ubunikazi bezindlu. Lapho umthengi eba ngumnikazi omusha wefulethi futhi ethola isitifiketi kuso, umthengisi uzokwazi ukuhoxisa imali yakhe esitokisini esebhange.

Ukuthola inkokhelo yokuthengwa kwezindlu zangasese

Inqubo yokuthola izimali zokukhokhela izindlu zendlu yesibili inezinzuzo zayo:

1. Ngemuva kokuthengiselana, indlu ingahlala isetshenziswe ngokushesha.
2. Ukuthenga indawo yangempela yesibili kulula, njengoba izinhlangano zebhange zizimisele kakhulu ukuthenga lesi sigaba semakethe.
3. Izindlu zingakhethwa kunoma iyiphi indawo ekahle nesifunda.
4. Lezo zakhiwo zivame ukwakhiwa ngezinto zokwakha ezihlala isikhathi eside, ngakho unomsebenzi wesikhathi eside futhi uhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo.

Inqubo yokuthola imali yokubolekwa kwezindlu ezisezingeni eliphezulu iyakhathalela izakhamizi eziningi namuhla. Ngokuvamile amabhange anikezela amakhasimende amathuba okuthola imali mboleko yokuthenga indlu. Into eyinhloko ukuthi inani lemalimboleko ayidluli izindleko zendawo ekhethiwe yokuhlala. Ngamanye amazwi, umboleki kufanele akwazi ukukhokha masinyane kusuka ku-15-35% wenani laso.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, awukwazi ukuthatha isikweletu semali yokubolekwa kwempahla yomhlaba ongahlangabezane nezimfuneko zebhange. Isibonelo, izindlu zesibili kumele zibe sezimweni ezinhle. Ifulethi ngeke linikezwe indlu yokudilizwa endlini. Yingakho obolekayo kuzodingeka asebenzise isikhathi esiningi efuna izindlu ezifanelekile.

Yimiphi amadokhumenti adingekayo e-Sberbank?

Ukuze uthole imali mboleko yokuthengwa kwefulethi ku-Bank Savings, kubalulekile ukulungiselela iphakheji lamadokhumenti, esakhiwa kusukela emasetheni alandelayo:

• AmaPassports;
• Ulwazi ngemali engenayo ngesimo se-2-NDFL;
• Izitifiketi ezengeziwe: ipasipoti, impesheni, ithikithi lempi, ilayisense yokushayela;
• Ibhuku lomsebenzi.

Esikhundleni sentela yomuntu engenayo, umboleki unelungelo lokuhambisa isitifiketi sesampula yasebhange. Igcwaliswe ngumqashi wayo, ukwethula ulwazi mayelana nemali engenayo, isipiliyoni somsebenzi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokugcina kanye nokudonswa. Ngokuyisisekelo, le ndlela isetshenziswa uma inhlangano ingakwazi ukunikeza idatha ejwayelekile ku-2-NDFL. Yimiphi amadokhumenti adingekayo e-Sberbank, ngaphandle kwalabo ababalwe? Isikhungo sezezimali singacela iklayenti ukuthi ithumele amadokhumenti engeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulwazi.

Ungayithola kanjani imali yokubolekwa ngemali ngokusekelwa kwezwe?

Izimali zokukhokhelwa nokusekelwa kwezwe zenzelwe ukusiza abantu abangavikelekile kanye nezakhamuzi ezihola kancane. Izinhloso zalolu hlelo zizokwandisa amandla okuthenga kwabantu futhi zivuselele ukulungiswa kwezindlu ezintsha kubantu. Yiqiniso, i-mortgage esekelwa yizwe ayikuvumeli ukuthi uthenge ikhaya lesibili. Ukwamukela izimali zezikweletu kuzokwenzeka kuphela ezindlini ezisendlini ezakhiwa nezakhiwo ezintsha.

Amabhange amaningi amakhulu ahlanganyela kulo msebenzi - Otkrytie, VTB-24, Sberbank, Gazprombank nabanye. Kodwa kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi le mboleko yokubolekwa kuyokhishwa kuphela kubathuthukisi abaxhunywe ngokusebenzisana nezikhungo zezimali noma izakhiwo zombuso.

Izindleko zemali yokuboleka imali

Iningi labantu abazi ukuthi yiziphi izindleko abazozenza uma bevuma ukuboleka imali. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuziphatha kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ababolekayo balala ngokungafanele izindleko ezigcwele zefulethi. Ngenxa yalokho, banezinkinga ezengeziwe ngokukhokhwa kwemali mboleko.

Uma uthenga indlu ngesikweletu, kufanele ukhokhele amasevisi ahlukahlukene angashintsha ngaphakathi kuka-3-10% wenani lomhlaba. Isibonelo, amabhange amanye akhokhisa imali yokucutshungulwa kwesicelo sokuthenga imali. Futhi uma isikhungo sezezimali senqaba ukuthola imali, umbolekisi ngeke akwazi ukukhokha imali ekhokhelwe.

Isimo esiyinhloko sokukhishwa kwemali mboleko yesikhwama sokubolekwa kwemali yesikhwama sokuzihlola esizimele kwezindlu ezithengiwe. Inqubo yenzelwa ukunquma inani lemali mboleko. Ngokuvamile, amabhange asevele esebambisana nabanye abahloli. Ngakho-ke, iklayenti ayidingi ukufuna ochwepheshe ngokwakhe. Nokho, ukuze uthole insizakalo efanayo kuzomele ukhokhe cishe ama-ruble angu-5-20 ayizinkulungwane.

Kusadingeka ukukhishwa umshwalense. Ngokomthetho wamanje, lapho uthenga indawo yokuhlala udinga ukuzivikela ekulahlekelweni kwezindlu kanye nomonakalo walo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhange angenqaba ukuthola isikweletu, uma lowo obolekayo engaqinisekisi ubunikazi befulethi nokuphila. Ngakho-ke, izinkampani zomshuwalense kumele zikhokhise amaphesenti ambalwa ezindleko zezindlu.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula futhi mayelana nezethulo ezengeziwe zezikhungo zezezimali: ukuqashiswa kwamaseli, ukudluliselwa noma ukuhoxiswa kwezimali. Uma kunenkinga ngokukhokha isikweletu, ibhange lizokhokha izinhlawulo nezinhlawulo. Kunconywa ukuthi ungavumeli izimo ezinjalo zigweme izinkinga.

Isiphetho

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isikweletu, ulinganise kahle yonke imiphumela yalesi sinqumo. Mhlawumbe manje umthwalo onjalo wezezimali ngeke ubonakale ungenakwenzeka, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukulinda isikhathi esithandekayo. Yiqiniso, ukubala zonke izindleko lapho ukuthola imali yokubolekwa kwempahla kungenangqondo. Kodwa uma ubhalisa mboleko enjalo, kubalulekile ukucabangela isabelomali semindeni yakho nezindleko ezingalindelekile.